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CONVENTION  DOCUMENTS. 


REPORT 


OF  THE 


SPECIAL  COMMITTEE  OF  TWENTY-ONE, 


ON  THE  COMMUNICATION  OF 


HIS  EXCELLENCY  GOVERNOR  PICKENS, 


TOGETHER  WITH  THE 


REPORTS  OF  HEADS  OF  DEPARTMENTS, 


AND  OTHER  PAPERS. 


COLUMBIA,    S.    C: 
R.  W.  GIBBES,  PRINTER  TO  THE  CONVENTION. 

1862. 


RESOLUTIONS 

ORDERING  THE  PUBLICATION  OF  THESE  REPORTS. 


In  Convention,  Sept.  15,  1862. 

"  The  Report  of  the  Special  Committee  of  Twenty-one  was  agreed 
to,  and  on  motion  of  Mr.  Barnwell,  it  was  ordered  that  2,000  copies 
of  the  Report,  together  with  the  Reports  of  the  Heads  of  Departments, 
he  printed  for  distribution. 

"  On  motion  of  Mr.  Pope,  it  was  ordered  that  the  Reports  of  the 
sub-committees  be  printed  in  connection  with  the  Report  of  the  Special 
Committee  of  Twenty-one." 


In  Convention,  Sept.  17,  1862. 
M  Resolved,  That  the  two  thousand  extra  copies  of  the  Report  of  the 
Special  Committee  of  Twenty-one  on  the  communication  of  his  Excel- 
lency the  Governor  and  the  accompanying  documents  ordered  to  be 
printed,  be  taken  charge  of  by  the  Clerk  of  the  Convention  as  soon  as 
the  work  is  finished,  and  that  he  tend  the  same  pro  rata  to  the  several 
members  of  this  body,  for  general  distribution." 


*11f 


REPORT 

OF  THE  SPECIAL  COMMITTEE  OF  TWENTY-ONE. 


The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  communication  of  his 
Excellency  the  Governor,  transmitting  the  record  of  all  the  proceedings 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  had  prior  to  the  present  session  of  the 
Convention,  together  with  the  reports  of  the  several  members  of  the 
Council  and  certain  military  correspondence  between  his  Excellency 
and  the  President  of  the  Confederate  States,  the  Generals  commanding 
the  army  in  this  State,  and  other  persons,  respectfully  report : 

That  the  matter  thus  referred  has  received  the  careful  consideration 
whic^its  importance  demands.  The  Committee  have  discovered 
nothing  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Governor  and  Council  which  seems 
to  them  to  require  any  special  action  on  the  part  of  the  Convention  in 
the  way  of  repeal,  modification  or  animadversion;  while  it  is  not  de- 
signed hereby  to  express  an  approval  of  all  these  proceedings.  The 
duties,  growing  out  of  the  exigencies  of  public  affairs,  which  have 
devolved  upon  the  members  of  the  Council,  have  been  exceedingly 
various  and  laborious,  and  have  been  discharged  with  signal  diligence, 
ability  and  success,  and,  in  the  judgment  of  your  Committee,  with  an 
exclusive  regard  to  the  public  welfare.  These  gentlemen  have,  as 
their  record  shows,  devoted  themselves  at  great  personal  sacrifice,  and, 
too  often,  amidst  discouragements  (the  causes  of  which  are  unfolded  in 
some  of  the  reports)  mortifying  to  the  patriot,  to  meet  the  extraordi- 
nary demands  which  the  peculiar  condition  of  the  State  has  made  upon 
the  Executive  authority.  The  defence  of  Charleston  and  of  the  en- 
trance to  Georgetown ;  the  survey  and  exploration  of  sundry  routes  of 
access  for  the  enemy  to  the,interior  of  the  State,  and  the  obstruction 
of  such  access  thereby;  the  efficient  reorganization  of  the  military  when 
once  and  again  thrown  into  confusion  by  the  action  of  the  Confederate 
Government;  the  procurement  and  distribution  of  arms  and  munitions 
of  war,  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores,  clothing  and  provisions  and 
medical  stores  for  the  soldiers;  the  organization  of  negro  labor,  when 
called  for  by  the  military  authorities  of  the  Confederate  States,  with  a 


view  to  reader  the  Bervioe  required  as  acceptable  as  possible  to  the 
public;  the  preservation  of  iuterual  order  aud  the  repression  of  those 
various  exhibitions  of  selfishness  which  imperil  the  public  safety;  with 
a  great  variety  of  other  subjects  of  public  concern,  have  iu  turn  en- 
gaged their  attention  aud  enlisted  their  labors.  By  the  services  which 
they  have  thus  rendered,  they  have  placed  tho  State  Under  obligations 
which  those  ouly  can  appreciate  who  have  had  the  opportunity  of  ex- 
amining their  records.  In  the  discharge  of  their  duties  they  have  beeu 
greatly  aided  by  sundry  public  spirited  and  patriotic  gentlemcu,  who 
are  named  iu  the  several  reports  of  the  Chiefs  of  Departments,  aud  to 
whom  the  public  acknowledgments  of  the  Convention  are  due. 

Your  Committee  have,  by  their  examination  of  these  papers,  been 
deeply  impressed  with  the  conviction  that  the  ordinary  powers  of  the 
Executive  would  have  been  entirely  inadequate  to  effect  the  objects  to 
which  the  labors  of  the  Council  have  been  directed,  aud  that  the  estab- 
lishment of  such  a  body,  with  the  extraordinary  powers  conferred  upon 
it,  was  required  by  the  coudition  of  the  country  aud  the  exigencies  of 
the  times.  ™ 

Your  Committee  are  of  opinion  that  the  publication  and  circulation 
of  the  several  reports  of  the  Chiefs  of  Departments  which  have  been 
submitted  are  due  to  the  people,  the  Convention  and  the  Council,  and 
they  so  recommend,  with  the  reservation,  however,  to  the  Chief  of  the 
Military  Department  of  the  right  to  revise  his  report  and  omit  such 
portions  as,  in  his  judgment,  it  might  be  impolitic  to  make  public.  In 
advising  the  publication  and  circulation  of  the  report  from  the  Depart- 
ment of  Justice  and  Police,  the  Committee  do  not  design  to  express 
any  opinion  upon  the  question  whether  any  limitation  can  be  imposed 
upon  the  power  of  a  Convention  of  the  People  assembled  under  our 
State  Constitution  by  the  Act  of  the  Legislature  which  calls  it  together. 
Into  this  question  it  is  needless  now  to  enter,  for  it  seems  plain  to  the 
Committee  that  every  act  of  this  Convention  and  of  those  who  have 
acted  under  its  authority,  which  is  mentioned  in  the  report  from  this 
Department,  is  embraced  within  the  scope  of  the  Act  of  the  Legislature 
which  provided  for  the  election  of  Delegates  to  this  Convention.  The 
arguments  contained  in  this  report,  especially  those  iu  Parti.,  sustaining 
this  construction  of  the  Act  and  the  competency  of  the  Convention,  the 
Council  aud  the  several  heads  of  Departments  to  do  the  acts  done  by 
them  respectively  and  examined  in  the  said  report,  command  the  ap- 
proval of  the  Committee,  and,  the  Committee  hope,  will  receive  the  con. 
currence  of  the  Convention. 


The  Committee  report  back  to  the  Convention  the  military  corres- 
pondence referred,  with  a  recommendation  that  so  much  thereof  as  is 
specified  in  the  class  marked  4  in  the  enumeration  of  the  sub-commit- 
tee's report,  be  read  in  the  presence  of  the  Convention,  sitting  with 
closed  doors.  The  character  of  this  correspondence  is  such  as,  in  the 
judgment  of  the  Committee,  renders  the  general  publication  of  it 
improper. 

The  Committee  are  of  opinion  that  it  would  conduce  much  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  public  mind,  and  tend  to  harmonize  conflicting  views 
of  State  policy,  if  "  the  records  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Governor 
and  Council,"  as^contained  in  their  book  of  minutes,  could  be  printed 
and  widely  circulated  and  read,  but  they  are  deterred  from  making  a 
recommendation  to  this  effect  by  the  great  extent  of  this  record  and  the 
consequent  expense  which  its  publication  would  involve.  The  Com- 
mittee, therefore,  content  themselves  with  advising  that  the  injunction 
of  secrecy  be  removed  therefrom,  and  this  record  be  open  to  the  inspec- 
tion of  the  citizens  of  the  State  in  any  manner  that  will  not  interfere 
with  the  convenience  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

The  several  matters  referred  to  your  Committee  were,  for  convenience 
and  expedition,   distributed  to  sub-committees,  the  sevenl  reports  of 
which  sub-committees  are  herewith  submitted  to  the  Convention. 
Respectfully  submitted, 

t  R.  W.  BARNWELL. 


REPOKT 

OF  THE    SUB-COMMITTEE    ON    THE    JOURNAL  OF   THE 
•    EXECUTIVE  COUNCTL. 


The  sub-committee  on  the  Journal  of  the  Executive  Council  respect 
fully  report,  that  they  have  carefully  gone  over  the  whole  Journal,  and 
have  seen  abundant  reason  in  the  record  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Couu- 
cil,  to  be  satisfied  that  they  have  discharged  the  duties  assigned  them 
with  great  industry  and  fidelity,  and  with  exclusive  regard  to  the  wel- 
fare of  the  State.  It  is  also  apparent,  from  the  proceedings  of  the 
Council,  that  the  ordinary  powers  of  the  Executive  would  have  been 
entirely  inadequate  to  effect  the  objects  to  which  the  labors  of  the 
Council  have  been  devoted,  and  that  the  establishment  of  such  a  body, 
with  the  extraordinary  powers  conferred  upon  it,  was  required  by  the 
condition  of  the  country,  and  the  exigencies  of  the  times.  The  Com- 
mittee see  no  reason  why  the  proceedings  of  the  Council  should  not  be 
made  public,  but  they  are  too  voluminous  to  be  printed,  and  it  will 
probably  be  sufficient  that  the  injunction  of  secrecy  shall  be  removed. 

R.  W.  BARNWELL,  Chairman, 
A.  MAZYCK, 
G.  MANIGAULT, 
H.  C.  YOUNG, 
J.  J.  PRINGLE  SMITH. 


REPORT 

OF  THE  SUB-COMMITTEE  ON    "  CORRESPONDENCE." 


The  sub-committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  subject  of  "  Corres- 
pondence, "  beg  leave  respectfully  to  report : 

That  the  Correspondence  consists  of  the  following,  to  wit : 

1.  Two  letters  between  Governor  Pickens  and  the  Secretary  of  War, 
on  the  subject  of  the  right  to  fill  vacancies  in  the  South  Carolina  Reg- 
ulars. 

2.  Several  communications  between  the  Governor  and  the  Secretary 
at  War,  and  others,  in  relation  to  seven  hundred  stand  of  arms,  be- 
longing to  the  State,  but  now  in  the  Confederate  army,  in  Virginia. 

3.  Correspondence  between  Governor  Pickens  and  the  Governors  of 
other  Confederate  States,  in  relation  to  concert  of  action  between  the 
Executives  of  the  several  States. 

4.  Correspondence  between  Governor  Pickens  and  the  Executive  of 
the  Confederate  Government,  and  also  with  Generals  Lee,  Ripley  and 
Pemberton,  in  relation  to  the  defences  of  Charleston  and  Georgetown, 
numbered  from  eight  to  nineteen  inclusive. 

This  last  correspondence  the  sub-committee  recommend  should  be 
read  in  the  General  Committee,  and  should  also  be  read  in  Convention, 
in  secret  session,  for  the  information  of  the  members,  but  that  it  should 
not  be  printed. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

BEN  J.  F.  DUNKIN,  Chairman, 
JOHN  A.  CALHOUN, 
EDWARD  McCRADY, 
JOHN  P.  RICHARDSON. 


REPORT 

OF    THE    SUB-COMMITTEE    ON    THE    REPORT    OF    THE 
CHIEF  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  MILITARY. 


The  sub-committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  report  of  the  Chief  of 
the  Department  of  the  Military,  with  the  accompanying  documents, 
respectfully  report, 

The  matter  thus  referred  has  been  considered  with  the  care  which 
its  importance  demands,  and  nothing  has  been  discovered  which  seems 
to  the  Committee  to  require  the  interference  of  the  Convention.  The 
duties  which,  in  the  distribution  of  the  business  of  the  Executive 
Office,  were  assigned  to  this  Department,  appear  to  have  been  exceed- 
ingly onerous,  but  they  have  been  discharged  with  signal  industry, 
ability,  regard  to  economy  and  a  large  measure  of  success,  at  a  great 
sacrifice  of  time,  comfort  and  money  on  the  part  of  the  Chief,  and  often 
under  circumstances  of  great  discouragement,  the  causes  of  which  are 
exhibited  in  the  report.  The  thanks  of  the  Convention  and  of  the 
State  are,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Committee,  eminently  due  to  the 
Chief  of  the  Department  and  to  his  subordinates  in  office,  as  well  as  to 
the  several  gentlemen,  named  in  the  report,  who  have  patriotically  ren- 
dered their  valuable  aid  in  several  particulars  to  this  branch  of  the 
public  service. 

The  Committee  are  of  the  opinion  that  the  report  and  such  of  the 
accompanying  documents  as  are  contained  in  the  printed  pamphlet 
ought  to  be  published  for  the  information  of  the  people,  subject,  how- 
ever, to  a  revision  by  the  Chief  of  the  Department,  with  a  view  to  the 
omission  of  such  passages  (which  have  been  the  subject  of  conversation 
between  the  Chief  and  the  sub-committee),  the  publication  of  which 
might  in  his  judgment  be  of  even  doubtful  effect  upon  the  public  inter- 
est, and  it  is  so  recommended. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

JOHN  A.  INGLIS,  Chairman, 
W.  F.  DeSAUSSURE, 
JOHN  L.  MANNING. 


REPORT 

OF    THE 

CHIEF  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT 

OF   THE 

MILITARY  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA, 

TO 

HIS  EXCELLENCY,  GOVERNOR  PICKENS. 


REPORT. 


Department  of  the  Military,  S.  C, 
Columbia,  August  30,  18G2. 
To  His  Excellency,  Governor  Pickens  : 

Sir  :  In  obedience  to  your  requirement,  made  under  the  fifth  section 
of  "  An  Ordinance  for  strengthening  the  Executive  Department  during 
the  exigencies  of  the  present  war,"  passed  by  the  people  of  South  Caro- 
lina, in  Convention  assembled,  in  January  last,  I  have  the  honor  most 
respectfully  to  submit  the  following  report : 

On  the  eighth  day  of  January,  1862,  I  received  a  request  from  your 
Excellency,  "  to  meet  the  members  of  the  Executive  Council  for  the 
purpose  of  being  organized,  as  directed  by  the  Ordinance."  On  the 
next  day^  which  was  the  one  appointed,  all  the  members  of  that  Council 
met  your  Excellency  at  the  Executive  Office,  and  proceeded  to  organi- 
zation. The  plan  I  proposed  for  the  formation  of  Departments  was 
adopted,  and  I  had  the  honor  of  being  assigned  to  the  control  of  the 
Department  of  the  Military. 

On  the  seventeenth  of  the  same  month  "  the  rules  made  and  estab- 
lished by  the  Governor  and  Council,  for  the  management  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Military  cf  the  State,"  preparedly  myself,  were,  with  a 
few  modifications,  adopted,  and  I  then  entered  .on  the  duties  of  that 
Department.     A  copy  of  these  rules  is  appended,  (marked  A.) 

On  the  eighteenth  of  January,  special  orders  were  issued  by  me  to 
the  several  bureaus  placed  under  my  control,  requiring  a  full  report  of 
the  condition  of  each.  From  the  shape  and  incompleteness  of  most  of 
these  statements,  it  was  apparent  that  the  "  Army  Regulations "  had 
not  been  sufficiently  the  standard  of  form.  Long  experience  has 
demonstrated  fhat  the  close  observance  of  these  rules  is  essential  to  the 
establishment  of  system,  the  attainment  of  accuracy,  and  the  enforce- 
ment of  economy  in  the  administration  of  military  affairs.  The  system 
of  regular  and  specific  requisitions,  according  to  form,  for  each  month 
M 


18 

or  quarter,  was  entirely  neglected  ;  and  hence,  perhaps  the  several 
bureaus,  with  one  exception,  were  burdened  with  debt  when  I  came  into 
office.  The  want  of  cash,  and  punctuality  iu  payment,  made  prices 
higher  to  the  State  than  to  some  other  buyers  and  contractors.  In  some 
instances,  as  I  am  informed  by  the  heads  of  bureaus,  purchases  were 
rnudc  at  a  rate  enhanced  five  per  cent,  on  cash  prices.  This  evil  was 
soon  remedied,  by  enforcing  strict  conformity  to  the  rules  of  regular, 
specific,  monthly  requisitions,  and  upon  them,  supplying  the  money  for 
each  month  in  advance.  Iu  this  I  was  promptly  and  efficiently  aided 
by  all  the  officers  under  this  Department. 

It  was  my  desire  to  present  accurately  to  your  Excellency  the  condi- 
tion of  affairs  in  the  Military  Department  on  the  first  day  of  January 
last,  but,  despite  of  the  most  unremitting  exertions,  I  am  notable  to  do 
so,  because  of  the  entire  neglect  of  that  system,  order  and  observance, 
and  application  of  the  regulations  I  have  referred  to.  As  drill  and 
discipline  are  indispensable  to  fit  the  soldier  for  the  field,  so  time,  expe- 
rience, and  a  thorough  knowledge  of  approved  forms,  are  equally  essen- 
tial to  qualify  the  officer  for  his  bureau,  and  the  clerk  for  his  desk.  It 
is  no  reflection,  therefore,  upon  your  officers  to  intimate  that,  as  citizens, 
aroused  from  the  peaceful  pursuits  of  an  entire  life,  without  the  requi- 
site experience,  or  superior  guidance,  they  should  be,  for  a  time,  embar- 
rassed, and  perhaps  confused,  by  the  suddenness  with  which  the  vast 
and  multiform  military  interests  of  the  State  and  country  were  pressed 
upon  them.  I  have  called  your  attention  to  this  point,  to  account  for 
any  apparent  deficiency  in  extent  of  information  or  accuracy  in  detail 
during  the  period  alluded  to,  and  which  it  might  have  been  in  my 
power  to  avoid,  and  my  pleasure  to  supply,  if  the  bureau  provisions  of 
the  Army  Regulations  had  been  enforced  from  the  date  of  secession  to 
the  establishment  of  this  Department.  I  have  another  object,  and  the 
main  one,  which  is  to  urge  that  these  Regulations  be  strictly  observed 
in  the  future,  as  they  furnish  the  only  plan  whereby  the  finances  of  the 
State  can  be  effectually  guarded,  its  resources  properly  developed  and 
economically  applied,  and  full  justice  be  always  done  to  the  soldier,  by 
the  State  being  ever  ready  to  supply  his  wants. 

It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  bring  to  your  attention,  and  through  you 
to  the  State,  my  acknowledgments  for  the  mauy  valuable  suggestions, 
as  well  as  hearty  cooperation,  of  the  heads  of  bureaus,  in  my  endeavors 
to  produce  order,  efficiency  and  economy.  I  refer  you  to  the  numerous 
elaborate  statements,  exhibits,  reports  and  accounts,  made  from  their 
several  offices,  on  file  in  this  Department,  as  furnishing  ample  proof  of 


19 

the  fact  that  their  positions,  at  least,  have  not  been  sinecures.  And 
while  our  hearts  thrill  with  gratitude  and  admiration  for  the  heroic 
achievements  of  our  war-worn  soldiery  in  the  field,  we  must  not  forget 
the  silent,  incessant  and  unapplauded  toil  of  these  ofiicers,  upon  whose 
labor  depends,  in  no  small  degree,  the  credit  of  the  State,  and  the 
maintenance,  comfort  and  efficiency  of  the  army.  Without  fidelity  and 
efficiency  in  the  Quartermaster,  Commissary,  and  Ordnance  Depart- 
ments, the  genius  of  Napoleon  would  be  brought  to  naught.  They 
should,  therefore,  be  considered  as  of  the  highest  importance,  and  filled 
always  and  only  with  the  ablest  and  most  faithful  and  experienced 
officers. 

By  a  brief  analysis,  I  propose  to  show,  from  the  reports  of  the  sev- 
eral bureaus,  the  extent  of  information  they  convey.  It  will  exhibit 
their  condition  on  the  first  of  January  and  the  first  of  July,  1862, 
embracing  the  first  two  quarters  of  the  current  year.  I  propose,  also, 
to  add,  in  appropriate  location,  the  more  important  occurrences  of  the 
present  quarter,  and  to  the  date  of  this  report,  and  all  other  matters  of 
interest  in  a  military  way,  although  not  immediately  connected  with 
any  of  the  bureaus. 

ADJUTANT  AND   INSPECTOR   GENERAL'S  BUREAU. 

First,  the  strength,  condition  and  movements  of  our  forces. 
From    reports   of   the   Adjutant  and  Inspector  General's   Office,   I 
have  compiled  a  statement  (in  the  Appendix  marked  B.),  showing  that, 
on  the  first  of  January,  1862,  the  troops  from   this  State,  under  Con- 
federate orders,  were  as  follows  : 

For  the  war 7,111  men. 

For  shorter  periods 20,251    " 

Aggregate 27,362    " 

Of  this  number,  4,082  were  State  militia,  not  mustered  into  Confeder- 
ate service,  leaving  really  in  Confederate  service,  subject  to  Confeder- 
ate control,  only  23,280  men.  It  appears  from  the  same  report  that 
there  were  at  that  time  sixty-four  companies  of  "  twelve  months  volun- 
teers, for  Confederate  service,"  either  in  camp  of  instruction  or  under 
marching  orders  for  it.  The  report  contains  nothing  in  relation  to  the 
condition  of  the  militia  of  the  State. 

Upon  assuming  the  duties  of  this  Department,  I  found  the  militia  of 
the  State  virtually  disorganized.  The  causes  were  manifest,  and  may 
be  stated  as  follows :  First,  the  heavy  drain  which  had  been  made  upon 


20 

it.  Including  the  sixty-four  companies  in  process  of  formation,  esti- 
mated, say  at  5,000,  with  the  27,362  already  in  service,  there  was  then 
an  abstraction  of  its  Btrength  of  some  32,302  men,  more  than  half  of 
our  arms-bearing  population.  Second,  the  indiscriminate  recruiting 
actively  going  on,  by  special  authority  from  llichruond,  by  officers  in 
service,  to  fill  up  their  ranks,  by  calls  from  the  State  to  complete  requi- 
sitions not  fully  answered,  and  by  consequence  of  the  Act  of  December, 
1861,  vacating  all  commissions  under  the  grade  of  General,  with  the 
exception  of  volunteer  companies  in  the  Fourth  Brigade  S.  C  M.  At 
this  time,  also,  there  were  regiments  and  companies  in  the  field,  so 
scant  in  number  as  to  make  it  proper  to  relieve  them,  for  the  purpose 
of  reorganization  ;  and  there  were  hundreds  in  camp,  and  some  in  front 
of  the  enemy,  without  arms  of  any  kind. 

On  the  second  of  February  last,  the  Secretary  of  War  made  a  call 
upon  the  State  to  fill  up  the  quota  of  troops  enlisted  for  the  war,  to  an 
amount  equal  to  "six  per  centum  of  the  total  white  population."  As- 
suming our  population  to  be  300,000,  the  quota  would  be  18,000  men. 
The  Secretary  supposed  we  had  furnished,  up  to  that  time,  about  0,000 
men  for  the  war,  and  called  at  once  for  five  more  regiments,  expecting 
to  make  up  the  remainder  by  reenlistment  among  the  twelve  months 
volunteers.  Being  satisfied  that  he  had  under-estimated  the  number  of 
meu,  both  for  the  war  and  for  twelve  months,  I  called  on  the  Adjutant 
and  Inspector  General  for  a  report,  setting  forth  the  facts.  That  report 
was  made  on  the  twentieth  of  February,  1862,  and  exhibits  for  the 
war  9,349  men,  and  for  twelve  months  21,321 — total,  30,670,  sent  into 
Confederate  service.    (See  my  report  in  Appendix,  marked  D.) 

Before  the  letter  of  the  Secretary  reached  your  Excellency,  I  had 
repaired  to  Charleston,  in  answer  to  several  pressing  calls  connected 
with  the  military  condition  of  the  State,  and  with  the  duties  of  my 
office.  While  there,  I  conferred  freely  with  the  Confederate  General 
in  command  of  that  District, 'with  General  Hist,  and  communicated 
with  General  Lee,  on  the  various  necessities  of  our  military  condition. 
Under  instructions  of  the  Governor  and  Council  (see  accompanying 
papers,  No.  1),  I  issued  orders  for  the  reorganization  of  the  Fourth 
Brigade,  S.  C.  M.,  as  one  of  the  readiest  means  of  obtaining  immediate 
aid  to  meet  threatening  dangers.  With  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector 
General,  I  considered  and  discussed  the  best  mode  of  permanent  organ- 
ization of  the  militia,  to  meet  promptly  whatever  demands  might  be 
made  upon  us.  (See  report — accompanying  papers,  No.  2.)  On  my 
return,  about  the  twelfth   of  February,  I  found  the  requisition  of  the 


21 

Secretary  of  War,  of  which  your  Excellency  had  previously  sent  me  a 
copy.  My  first  step,  under  the  authority  of  the  Governor  and  Council, 
was  to  issue  appeals  to  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  to  the  twelve  months 
troops  in  this  State,  &c,  to  change  the  term  of  their  enlistment  from 
twelve  months  to  Ihe  war.     (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  3.) 

The  report  of  .the  twentieth  of  February,  already  referred  to,  dis- 
closed the  fact,  that  although  the  troops  for  the  war  exceeded  the  esti- 
mate of  the  Secretary,  still  they  were  far  below  the  quota  required  of 
the  State.  To  meet  this  deficiency  in  the  quickest  and  most  effectual 
way,  as  well  as  to  establish  a  system  of  reserves,  to  answer  promptly 
all  demands  in  future,  on  the  seventh  of  March,  1862,  the  Governor 
and  Council  adopted  a  scheme  prepared  by  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector 
General  Gist,  in  conjunction  with  myself.  It  was  a  system  of  enroll- 
ment and  conscription.  (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  4.)  The  only 
patent  defect  in  the  scheme,  is  the  clause  of  exemptions.  The  wisdom 
of  the  measure  must  be  proved  by  its  results.  Under  its  stimulus, 
volunteering  took  place  with  such  alacrity  that  our  skeleton  organiza- 
tions were  rapidly  filled,  and  new  formations  made.  There  was  no 
necessity  for  drafts  any  where  in' the  State  for  Confederate  service,  ex- 
cept in  the  City  of  Charleston,  where  the  Adjutant  General  encountered 
every  species  of  harassment  and  delay.  (See  accompanying  papers, 
No.  5.) 

On  the  twcnt}--eighth  of  April,  1862,  the  State  had  not  only  fur- 
nished the  five  regiments  called  for,  but  had  exceededjthe  quota  by  four 
thousand  and  sixty-four  men,  as  appears  from  the  report  of  the  Adju- 
tant and  Inspector  General  of  that  date.     (See  Appendix  C.) 

Our  conscription  rolls  had  been  competed,  and  the  process  of  organ- 
ization and  transfer  was  going  on,  when,  on  the  sixteenth  of  April; 
1862,  the  Confederate  Congress  passed  its  Conscription  Act.  This 
law,  taking  from  the  control  of  the  State  all  of  its  arms-bearing  men 
between  the  ages  of  eighteen  and  thirty-five,  threw  our  militia  and  con- 
script reserves  acain  into  confusion ;  in  fact,  entirely  destroyed  the 
latter  organization.  The  history  of  Forts  Beauregard  and  Walker — the 
condition  in  which  the  State  then  was — pitiably  weak  and  unprepared — 
excited,  confused,  and  at  the  mercy  of  a  bold  and  daring  invader — 
gave  us  a  lesson  which  we  would  be  criminal  to  forget,  or  fail  to  im- 
prove. It  became,  therefore,  necessary  for  us  to  adopt  a  new  scheme, 
and  that  speedily,  to  insure  our  protection.  Accordingly,  on  the  twen- 
ty-fourth day  of  April,  1862,  I  had  the  honor  to  submit  to  the  Gover- 
nor and  Council  a  plan  for  the  organization  of  two  corps  of  reserves — 


22 

one  for  active  duty  in  the  field,  the  other  for  police  and  patrol  duty. 
(The  resolution?,  regulations,  orders,  and  other  papers  relating  to  the 
subject,  will  be  found  in  the  accompanying  papers,  No.  6.)  I  am 
happy  to  state  that  we  have,  of  the  first  corps,  ten  regiments,  fully  or- 
ganized and  officered,  besides  one  company  of  mounted  rifles,  and  others 
forming.  It  is  believed  that  from  them  we  could  throw  five  thousand 
effective  men,  at  short  notice^  into  the  field,  to  check  the  enemy  until 
our  Confederates  could  appear.  We  have  ammunition  and  arms  of 
good  quality — many  of  then  the  most  approved  kind — sufficient  in 
number  to  arm  the  whole.  The  Combahee  Rangers,  organized  under 
resolution  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  have  been  accepted,  and  are 
now  in  the  special  police  and  military  service,  for  which  they  were 
organized.  According  to  my  information,  they  are  rendering  useful 
and  valuable  service. 

Some  insubordination,  in  the  firstjeorps,  has  occurred  in  several  Dis- 
tricts, namely,  in  Marlboro',  York  and  Lexington,  the  causes  of  which, 
and  the  means  taken  to  reduce  it,  will  be  spoken  of  hereafter. 

From  the  report  of  the  Adjutant  General,  of  this  date,  it  appears 
that  the  troops  from  this  State,  sent  into  Confederate  service,  are  as 
follows : 

Infantry — Twenty-eight  regiments,  two  legions,  eight  battalions,  two 
companies. 

Artillery — Two  regiments,  one  battalion,  eighteen  companies. 

Cavalry — Two  regiments,  five  battalions,  seven  companies. 

Total — Thirty-two  regiments,  two  legions,  fourteen  battalions,  twenty- 
seven  companies.  Making  an§  aggregate  of  forty-three  thousand  men 
contributed  by  the  State  to  the  public  service.     (See  Appendix  E.) 

While  engaged  in  anxious  labor  to  uphold  the  credit  of  the  State,  by 
responding  to  every  just  demand,  and  to  defend  her  tionor and  maintain 
her  interests,  we  were  startled  by  the  intelligence  of  the  purpose  of  the 
Confederate  General  to  abandon  the  control  of  the  approach  to  George- 
town, and  thereby  throw  open  all  th«t  valuable  region  to  the  invasion 
and  ravages  of  a  ruthless  enemy.  Protests  and  expostulations  were 
immediately  made  against  it.  General  Harllee  was  sent  at  once  to 
General  Pemberton,  to  communicate  with  him  on  the  subject,  and. to 
enforce,  by  a  personal  interview,  the  wishes  and  opinions  of  the  Governor 
and  Council.  Upon  his  return,  General  Ilarllee  made  a  verbal  report, 
stating  that  General  Pemberton  declined  to  annul  his  order  for  the 
abandonment  and  dismantling  of  the  forts,  but  intimated  his  intention 


23 

to  leave  such  troops  in  the  vicinity  as  the  exigencies  of  the  service  else- 
where would  permit.  The  President  was  addressed  on  the  subject,  and 
I  asked  him  for  guns,  that  we  might  undertake  the  defence  ourselves. 
I  believed  then,  and  I  believe  now,  that  the  region  could  have  been 
successfully  protected  by  us  against  the  inroads  and  raids  of  the  enemy, 
even  if  totally  abandoned  by  the  Confederate  General.  Governor  R. 
F.  W.  Allston  was  the  bearer  of  the  communication  to  the  President,  and 
succeeded  in  obtaining  two  fine  rifle  guns,  with  equipment  and  ammu- 
nition— one  a  six-pounder,  and  one  a  twenty-four  pounder — which  were 
receipted  for  and  deposited  at  Florence,  subject  to  the  order  of  General 
Harllee,  whose  report  (see  accompanying  papers,  No.  7)  will  show  how 
they  were  finally  disposed  of.  To  use  the  guns  and  other  arms  which 
we  had  to  meet  the  emergency,  a  call  was  made  for  one  thousand  men — 
subsequently  reduced  to  five  hundred — to  be  taken  from  the  Fourth 
Division  of  S.  C.  M.,  and  from  two  adjacent  regiments  in  another. 
General  Harllee  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  and  Council  to  organ- 
ize aud  command  them.  Accordingly,  orders  were  issued  to  him  to 
assemble  the  colonels  of  the  several  regiments  indicated,  and  'arrange 
with  them  the  proportion  and  manner  of  supplying  the  call,  either  by 
volunteers  or  by  draft,  if  necessary.  All  the  necessary  ordnance,  quar- 
termaster and  commissary  supplies  were  immediately  ordered  to  the 
points  indicated  by  General  Harllee,  where  they  were  received.  Noth- 
ing was  wanting  but  the  men.  The  orders  issued  by  General  Harllee, 
now  on  file  in  this  Department,  and  referred  to  by  him  in  his  report, 
show  that  there  was  no  want  of  effort  on  his  part  to  accomplish  a  work 
so  important,  and  for  which  he  had  manifested  so  much  zeal.  It  is 
with  pain,  sir,  that  I  state  to  you  the  fact,  that  while  the  men  were  in 
the  country,  the  spirit  was  wanting.  Very  few  volunteered,  and  it 
became  necessary  to  resort  to  a  draft.  Even  this  was  eluded,  to  a  great 
extent,  by  the  rushing  of  those  who  were  liable  into  Confederate  ser- 
vice— many  among  those  who  submitted  to  the  draft  refused  to  obey 
the  orders  of  General  Harllee  ;  some  took  to  concealment,  while  others 
stood  in  open  defiance  of  the  law;  others,  again,  became  predatory  out- 
laws, and  threatened  acts  of  violence  and  robbery  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
few  troops  which  did  assemble  at  Stone's  Landing,  on  the  Pee  Dee. 
This  state  of  things  demanded  the  immediate  attention  of  the  Governor 
and  Council.  By  their  direction,  the  proper  orders  were  issued,  copies 
of  which  will  be  found  in  the  accompanying  papers  (No.  7  a).  Some 
of  the  recusants  were  seized  and  put  into  prison ;  others  warned  and 
summoned  for  trial  before  a  court  martial.     But  the  court  itself  seemed 


24 

to  have  been  inadequate  to  the  conception  or  performance  of  its  duty, 
and  the  defaulters  escaped. 

Perhaps  it  may  be  well  to  inquire  into  the  supposed  causes  which 
produced  this  unhappy  and  disgraceful  state  of  affairs.  I  do  not  believe 
that  the  body  of  the  people  in  that  section  of  the  country  were  unpa- 
triotic, or  inclined  to  the  disobedience  of  lawful  authority.  I  feel  oth- 
erwise, for  from  that  very  quarter  a  full  proportion  of  gallant  soldiers 
have  been  sent  to  the  field  in  Confederate  service.  But  the  time  of 
the  call  was  unpropitious  to  the  agricultural  interest ;  the  country  to 
which  they  were  ordered  was  supposed  to  be  unhealthy  at  that  season. 
The  activity,  and  most  of  the  energy,  had  been  already  extracted;  the 
love  of  ease,  convenience,  and  the  desire  to  pursue  ordinary  vocations, 
had  their  full  influence  among  those  who  remained.  Still  I  believe 
these  would  have  been  overcome,  but  for  the  fact  that  there  were  some 
leading  men,  disaffected  to  the  existing  Government  of  the  State,  who 
seized  upon  the  facts  I  have  mentioned,  and  endeavored  to  poison  the 
minds  of  the  people  by  inculcating  the  idea  that  the  authority  from 
which  {lie  orders  emanated  was  unconstitutional — that  the  Convention 
of  the  people  of  South  Carolina  was  without  lawful  existence,  and  with, 
out  power.  They  were  stimulated  and  supplied  with  noxious  pabulum, 
through  the  channels  of  an  uninformed  press.  All  have  stricken  at 
the  sovereignty  of  the  State.  Thus,  sir,  were  ignorance,  indolence, 
selfishness,  disaffection,  and,  to  some  extent,  disappointed  ambition, 
combined  and  made,  unwittingly,  to  aid  and  abet  the  enemy,  and,  in 
like  manner,  to  become  the  coadjutors  of  Lincoln  and  all  the  hosts  of 
abolition  myrmidons. 

It  is  believed  that  in  this  way,  and  by  such  influences,  the  Execu- 
tive authority  of  the  State  was  frustrated,  and  prevented  from  securing 
from  devastation  one  of  the  finest  and  richest  portions  of  our  country. 

The  abandonment  of  the  forts  and  the  region  about  Georgetown,  by 
the  Confederate  Government,  came  upon  us  at  a  most  inauspicious  mo- 
ment. All  the  troops  we  had  then  organized  were,  but  a  short  time 
before,  transferred  to  the  Confederacy,  to  fill  up  the  quota  required  by 
the  Secretary  of  War;  and  all  the  conscripts  we  had  then  enrolled,  and 
from  among  whom  we  could  have  raised  a  force  ample  for  the  defence 
of  our  eastern  coast,  were,  at  the  very  moment  of  need,  swept  from  us 
by  the  Conscription  Act  of  Congress. 

In  this  Connecticut,  permit  me  to  inform  you  that  there  are  certain 
recusant  captains,  who  mock  at  the  power  of  the  Convention,  and  pre- 
tend to  defy  the  Executive  authority  which  it  has  instituted  for  the 


exigencies  of  the  war.  (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  8.)  It  is  hoped 
that  calm  reflection  and  a  returning  sense  of  what  is  due  to  the  State 
in  her  present  emergency,  will  render  unnecessary  an  appeal  to  the 
higher  powers  of  the  law.  But  if  this  hope  shall  prove  fallacious,  then 
I  trust  your  Excellency  and  the  Council  will  approve  of  the  measures  I 
have  prepared  to  reduce  them  to  obedience,  to  vindicate  the  majesty  of 
the  law,  and  to  uphold  the  outraged  dignity  of  the  State. 

I  ask  leave,  also,  to  submit,  for  the  information  of  your  Excellency, 
as  part  of  the  proceedings  of  my  Department,  the  telegrams  from  the 
Mayor  of  Cheraw  and  General  Prince,  commanding  Seventh  Brigade  of 
S.  C.  M.,  in  relation  to  the  expected  advance  of  the  enemy's  gunboats 
up  the  Pee  Dec  river ;  the  authority  I  gave  them  at  their  request ;  to 
the  protest  of  many  of  the  worthy  citizens  of  Marlboro'  District,  against 
the  proceedings  of  General  Prince ;  and  my  reply  to  the  said  protest- 
(See  accompanying  papers,  No.  9.) 

The  question  of  exemption  from  military  service,  and  the  seeming 
conflict  between  the  State  and  Confederate  law  on  that  subject,  was  a 
source  of  some  embarrassment,  and  made  heavy  drafts  upon  our  time 
and  attention.  m 

The  exemptiou  of  overseers — a  matter  so  important  to  the  agricultu- 
ral interests  of  the  State,  and  so  essential  to  a  proper  system  of  police — 
the  Convention  saw  fit  to  confide  to  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General 
of  the  State.  But  the  exemptiou  of  all  other  classes  was  left  exclu- 
sively under  the  control  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

Fiuding  that  much  anxiety  prevailed  on  the  subject,  I  caused  the 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General  to  issue  a  notification  to  all  concerned, 
that  those  who  held  certificates  of  exemption  from  the  State  authority, 
would  be  protected  under  them.  Subsequently,  and  on  the  third  day 
of  April,  I  addressed  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  at  Richmond, 
representing  the  importance  of  the  matter — suggesting  a  plan  whereby 
all  difficulty  could  be  avoided,  and  urging  the  exemption  of  overseers 
and  military  cadets.  The  reply  of  the  Secretary  was  not  satisfactory. 
In  the  latter  part  of  June,  and  early  in  July,  when  I  was  charged  by 
the  Governor  and  Council  to  represent  the  interests  of  the  State  in 
Richmond,  I  brought  the  subject,  among  other  matters,  to  the  attention 
of  the  Secretary,  and  again  urged  upon  him  its  importance.  I  stated 
to  him,  that  if  there  was  one  great  leading  principle  which  distinguished 
the  original  contest  between  the  Confederate  and  the  United  States,  it 
was  the  difference  between  them  in  relation  to  the  sovereignty  of  the 
States.  We  warred  to  maintain  the  sovereignty  and  equality  of  each 
4  • 


•ji; 

and  all  of  our  States,  while  they  endeavored  to  obliterate  the  States  and 
consolidate  a  despotic  empire  ;  that  the  Governor  and  Council  must  be 
governed  by  our  view  of  the  principle  in  insisting  upon  the  exemption; 
that  we  were  but  the  agents  of  the  Convention,  which  represented  the 
sovereignty  of  the  State,  and  which  had  imperatively  commanded  the 
exemption  of  overseers  in  stated  cases;  that  for  us  the  Ordinance  of  the 
Convention  was  paramount  law,  and  that  we  owed  it  to  the  sovereign 
power  to  insist — we  had  no  alternative.  The  Secretary,  of  course,  could 
not  alter  the  law  of  Congress,  but  assured  me  there  should  be  no  con- 
flict— that  he  had  instructed  his  officer  charged  with  the  subject,  to 
protest  in  cases  where  the  State  insisted,  and  send  up  the  matter  to 
Richmond.  The  question  now  has  taken  that  turn,  where  it  rests  for 
the  present.     (Sec  accompanying  papers,  No.  10.) 

The  power  of  appointment  to  office  in  the  organizations  known  as  the 
Regular  Artillery,  Infantry  and  Cavalry  of  South  Carolina,  has  pre- 
sented another  vexed  question,  causing  much  correspondence,  and 
some  conflict.  The  power,  for  what  seemed  to  be  sufficient  reasons, 
though  not  admitted  to  be  in  the  President,  was  finally  transferred  to 
him.  For  full  information  on  this  subject,  I  refer  you  to  the  papers 
which  accompany  this  report.     (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  11.) 

In  obedience  to  the  resolutions  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  I  cor- 
responded with  the  Confederate  General  commanding  in  South  Caro- 
lina, in  relation  to  guards  for  the  railroad  bridges  and  trestles  in  this 
State.  It  will  be  seen  that  he  declined  to  make  a  detail  of  men  for 
that  purpose.     (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  12.) 

The  defence  of  the  City  of  Charleston  has  been,  to  us  all,  a  source 
of  constant  solicitude.  I  have  looked  with  deep  interest,  and  some 
anxiety,  on  the  preparations,  material  and  progress  of  the  defensive 
works.  By  request,  I  have  ventured  suggestions,  and  by  authority  of 
the  Governor  and  Council,  I  have  had  correspondence  and  personal 
interviews  with  the  President  and  General  Cooper,  in  Richmond, 
touching  all  these  subjects.  Of  my  official  visit  to  Richmond,  I  made 
a  verbal  report  to  the  Governor  and  Council,  which,  under  all  the  cir- 
cumstances, I  trust  your  Excellency  will  hold  to  be  sufficient.  I  found 
the  President,  the  Secretary  of  War  and  General  Cooper  keenly  alive 
to  the  importahce  of  an  effectual  defence  of  the  City  and  State,  and 
willing,  at  all  times,  to  do  all  in  their  power  to  advance  our  wishes  and 
interests.  From  the  Piesident,  I  am  able  to  tender  the  State,  through 
you,  the  assurance,  that,  when  the  day  of  trial  comes,  he  will  not  be 
unmindful  of  his  duties — nor  grudging  nor  slack  in  his  performance  of 
them.     (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  7  b.) 


27 

Being  impressed  with  the  inadequacy  of  the  communication  between 
Charleston  and  James'  Island,  as  well  as  between  the  city  and  the  forts 
in  the  harbor,  I  directed  Mr.  J.  R.  Niernsee,  who  was  engaged  in 
building  flats  to  transport  stone  for  the  Santee  obstruction,  so  to  increase 
his  force  as  to  enable  him  to  build  a  sufficient  number  to  establish  an 
easy  and  adequate  communication  between  White  Point  and  James' 
Island.  He  has  experienced  great  difficulty  in  procuring  cither  mate- 
rial or  labor.  The  work,  therefore,  is  for  the  time  suspended.  I 
submit,  however,  that  it  should  not  be  permanently  discontinued.  The 
gallant  defence  at  Secessionville  has  saved  the  city.  The  brave  and 
indomitable  Lamar,  and  his  gallant  comrades,  whilo  winning  renown 
and  immortal  honor  for  themselves,  have  placed  their  country  under 
obligations  of  lastiug  gratitude. 

The  defeat  of  the  enemy  at  Secessionville,  and  the  great  victory 
before  Richmond,  have  obtained  for  us  a  short  respite,  which  I  trust 
will  be  properly  improved. 

As  germain  to  the  subject  I  ask  leave  to  state  the  connection  of  this 
Department  with  the  vexatious  question  of  impressment  of  negro  labor. 
It  began  with  correspondence  with  General  Ripley,  in  Charleston.  On 
my  return  to  this  place,  on  the  sixth  of  Februar}T,  1S62,  I  had  the 
honor  of  proposing  to  the  Governor  and  Council  the  following  resolu- 
tion : 

"  Resolved,  That  it  be  referred  to  the  Chief  of  Justice  and  Police, 
to  inquire  into  and  report  on  the  propriety  of  rescinding,  suspending  or 
modifying  any  Act  or  resolution  of  the  General  Assembly  of  this  State, 
giving  power  to  the  Governor  and  commanding  General  or  Generals  of 
the  Confederate  States,  in  South  Carolina,  to  impress  and  seize,  without 
notice,  the  negroes  and  other  property  of  the  citizens  of  this  State ; 
also,  upon  the  expediency  of  adopting  such  resolutions  as  will  at  the 
same  time  procure  prompt  and  efficient  labor  to  the  Confederate  Govern- 
ment in  this  State,  and  protect  the  citizens  from  unnecessary  irritation 
or  injustice." 

It  was  not  acted  on,  for  some  good  reason,  I  suppose,  probably  be- 
cause we  were  induced  to  believe  that  each  call  would  be  the  last. 
This  Department  after  that  had  no  connection  with  the  subject.  Sub- 
sequently, it  was  considered  by  me  only  as  a  member  of  the  Council. 
My  communications  on  that  subject  will  be  found  in  the  accompanying 
papers  (No.  18).  I  ask  attention  to  the  correspondence  between  Gen. 
Ripley  and  myself,  as  early  as   February  last,  to  show  that  the  Confed- 


28 

erate  commanders  did  not  then  contemplate  the  present  magnitude  of 
their  works,  as  I  have  recently  affirmed,  in  my  communication  to  the 
Commissioners  of  Roads  for  Abbeville. 

Eariy  in  July  last,  information  was  received  from  General  Pemberton, 
announcing  the  advance  of  the  enemy's  gunboats  up  the  Santee,  and 
asking  for  State  troops  to  defend  the  railroad  bridge  across  that  stream. 
Adjutant  General  DeSaussure  was  immediately  dispatched  to  organize 
the  force  called  out,  and  conduct  the  movement.  For  an  account  of 
his  proceedings  T  refer  to  his  report,  herewith  sent.  (See  accompanying 
papers,  No.  14.) 

The  Legislature,  at  its  extra  session  in  1861,  appropriated  the  sum  of 
twenty  thousand  dollars  for  recruiting  and  reenlisting  the  regular  forces 
of  the  State.  And  again,  in  December,  at  the  regular  session,  by  reso- 
lution, authorized  the  Governor  to  apply  the  additional  sum  of  fifteen 
thousand  dollars  to  the  same  purpose.  What  proportion  of  this  sum 
was  expended  before  the  formation  of  this  Department,  I  have  no  means 
of  ascertaining.  •  Since  that  time  seventeen  thousand  dollars  have  been 
expended,  or  remitted  to  the  following  officers  : 

To  Major  Thomas  Wagner §12,500 

To  Major  J.  C.  Simkins 2,500 

To  Captain  T.  B.  Ferguson 2,000 

§17,000 

All  returns  of  moneys  spent  are  made  and  vouched  at  the  Department 
of  the  Treasury,  and  as  none  have  reached  me,  I  refer  you  to  the  Chief 
of  that  Department  for  further  information.  I  believe,  however,  that 
there  has  been  no  regular  return,  except  by  Major  Simkins. 

QUARTERMASTER  GENERAL' S  BUREAU. 

For  the  condition  in  which  this  bureau  was  found,  for  the  changes  in 
its  organization  I  had  the  honor  to  suggest,  in  order  to  make  its  opera- 
tion lawful,  efficient,  and  more  economical,  I  ask  leave  to  refer  to  a 
report  made  by  me  in  February  last.  (See  accompanying  papers,  No. 
15.)  The  returns  made  in  obedieuce  to  orders  from  this  Department 
show  that,  notwithstanding  the  heavy  payments  made  during  three 
months,  from  the  first  of  October,  1861,  to  thirty-first  December,  1801, 
amounting  to  8370,177  17,  this  bureau  was,  on  the  first  day  of  Jauuary, 
1862,  burdened  with  a  debt  of  nearly  §170,000.  It  was  consequently 
trammeled  in  its  operations.     It  might  have  been  profitable,  if  it  had 


29 

been  possible,  to  pursue  the  investigations  through  a  period  anterior, 
but  this  could  not  be  done,  because  I  have  failed  to  obtain  any  satisfac- 
tory records  or  returns,  or  any  showing  whatever,  previous  to  the  admin- 
istration of  the  late  Col.  Glover.  And  even  from  these  I  am  unable  to 
collect  that  detailed  information  on  some  points  which  it  was  desirable 
to  present  in  this  report.  There  is,  however,  sufficient  evidence  to  show 
that  a  large  part  of  this  heavy  expenditure  was  made  on  account  of  the 
clothing  department,  established  under  the  order  of  your  Excellency,  in 
September,  1861.  Should  the  amount  due  for  clothing  ever  be  collected, 
it  will  properly  go  to  the  credit  of  that  outlay,  as  should  also  a  due  pro- 
portion of  the  issues  of  the  present  year,  and  of  the  stock  on  hand  on 
the  first  day  of  July,  18G2. 

The  cash  transactions  of  the  first  two  quarters  of  the  current  year,  as 
condensed  from  the  returns  on  file  in  this  Department,  exhibit  the  fol. 
lowing  results:     (See  Appendix,  F.) 

Receipts  from  all  sources,  from  January  1  to  July  1, 1862. ..$274,522  05 
Expenditures  for  all  purposes 289,702  29 

♦Balance  on  hand  July  1,  1862 £34,819  76 

Of  this  balance,  §30,000  are  held  in  thirty  several  Confederate  bonds, 
bearing  eight  per  cent,  interest,  which  I  directed  the  Quartermaster 
General  to  take  in  payment  for  sales  made  to  the  Confederate  Govern- 
ment. The  annual  interest  of  these  bonds  will  more  than  pay  the  salary 
of  the  Quartermaster  General.  Of  the  expenditures,  §109,*047  56, 
more  than  three-fourths  of  the  whole  amount,  were  required  to  meet 
the  liabilities  incurred  before  this  Department  was  established,  leaving 
the  comparatively  moderate  expenditure  of  870,654  73  for  the  transac- 
tions of  the  current  year.  This  sum  includes  the  extraordinary  expense 
of  removing  the  bureau  and  stores  from  Charleston  to  Columbia.  The 
changes  in  the  bureau  force,  suggested  in  my  report,  referred  to,  and 
authorized  by. the  Governor  and  Council,  have  been  made.  The  results, 
as  exhibited  in  the  Appendix  (marked  G.),  show  a  reduction  of  more 
than  half  in  the  item  of  salaries,  an  aunual  saving,  when  compared  with 
the  highest  expenditure,  as  shown  in  the  account,  of  $8,305  60,  and 

*  Balance  on  hand  July  1 .§34,810  76 

Receipts  during  July 55,056  19 

{89,874   05 
Expenditures  during  July 6,484  4'i 

Balance  on  hand  first  of  August,  1862 §83,390  53 


30 

when  compared  with  the  lowest,  an  annual  saving  of  SG,205  GO.  Not- 
withstanding this  effort  at  economy,  the  operations  of  the  bureau  have 
been  conducted  with  a  vigor  and  promptitude  fully  adequate  to  any 
demand  which  lias  been,  and,  it  is  believed,  which  may  be  made  upon 
it.  It  is  now  entirely  free  from  debt,  and  I  have  no  doubt  that  its  efficient 
condition  will  not  only  be  sustained,  but  increased,  by  the  able,  energetic 
and  experienced  chief  now  at  its  head. 

Exhibit  II.,  in  the  Appendix,  is  an  abstract  of  the  purchase  and  issue 
of  leading  articles  from  the  first  of  January  to  the  first  of  July,    L862. 

In  my  report  of  the  seventh  of  February  last  (before  referred  to,  aa 
No.  15,  accompanying  papers),  I  called  the  attention  of  the  Governor 
and  Council  to  the  fact,  that  the  mode  of  supplying  clothing,  &c,  to 
the  soldiers,  was  not  in  accordance  with  the  Act  of  Congress,  passed 
August,  1861,  and  by  dealing  with  the  captains  of  companies  instead 
of  directly  with  the  Secretary  of  War,  as  the  law  provides,  I  feared 
would  occasion  great  loss  to  the  State.  I  stated  that  I  did  not  dis- 
continue the  system  at  once,  because  our  interests  had  already  become 
entangled  with  it,  but  I  urged  such  discontinuance  at  as  early  a  day  iu 
the  future  as  they  would  permit. 

The  results  of  the  system  are  more  disastrous  than  I  then  thought 
possible.  Although  the  returns  indicate  a  large  increase  in  the  collec- 
tions for  clothing  sold,  as  will  be  seen  in  Exhibit  F.  (before  referred 
to),  still,  on  the  first  day  of  July,  1862,  there  was  due  by  officers  for 
clothing  thus  sold  them,  the  sum  of  §127,288  9-4,  and  it  is  presumed 
that  no  considerable  portion  of  this  amount  will  ever  be  collected,  as 
the  frequent  changes  occurring  from  death,  transfer,  discharge,  promo- 
tion, &c,  will  render  the  most  untiring  efforts  for  that  purpose 
unsuccessful. 

But  this  loss,  large  as  it  is,  does  not  cover  the  question.  The  ad- 
vanced price  of  clothing  material  has  rendered  the  fifty  dollars  commu- 
tation allowed  the  soldier  for  elothiug  inadequate,  as  will  be  seen  by 
reference  to  a  tabular  statement  accompanying  the  repo\t  of  General 
Jones  on  this  subject.  (It  is  appended,  marked  I.  ;  also,  see  the  accom- 
panying papers,  No.  16.)  From  this  statement  it  appears  that,  by  pur- 
suing this  system  to  the  same  extent  as  heretofore,  and  with  half  the 
number  of  men  we  have  now  in  the  field,  the  State  would  lose,  in  one 
year,  the  sum  of  nine  hundred  and  forty  thousand  dollars,  cveu  were 
we  able  to  collect  every  dollar  of  the  commutation  money.  The  risk  of 
this  enormous  loss,  as  well  as  that  actually  sustained,  was  entirely  unne- 
cessary, in  my  judgment,  as  the  Act  referred  to  provides,   "in  case  any 


31 

State  shall  furnish  to  its  troops  and  volunteers  in  the  Confederate  ser- 
vice such  clothing,  then  the  Secretary  of  War  is  required  to  pay  over  to 
the  Governor  of  such  State  the  money  value  of  the  clothing  so  furnished." 
Such  being  the  case,  I  have  directed  the  Quartermaster  General  to  dis- 
continue the  system  in  its  present  form,  but  obtained  the  authority  of 
the  Governor  and  Couucil  to  continue  the  traveling  agent  in  Virginia 
for  the  present,  with  a  view  of  making  further  collections,  if  possible. 

In  accordance  with  the  resolution  of  the  Governor  and  Council, 
adopted  the  twenty-eighth  of  April,  1862,  I  have  appointed  General 
James  Jones  a  commission  to  inquire  into  and  report  upon  the  matter 
of  future  supply  of  clothing  for  all  our  troops.  I  have  his  report  now 
before  me. 

In  cbedience  to  the  resolution  of  the  eighth  of  August,  1862,  I  have 
ordered  all  the  officers  therein  named  under  bond. 

COMMISSARY    GENEBAIi'b    BUREAU. 

I  found  this  bureau  in  admirable  condition,  and  in  the  hands  of  the 
efficient  officer  now  at  its  head.  The  stores  on  hand  were,  in  some  res- 
pects, limited,  but  measures  had  been  previously  taken  to  increase  them 
largely. 

The  cash  transactions  for  the  present  year  are  shown  in  the  Exhibit 
marked  J.,  in  the  Appendix..  They  present  the  following  aggregate 
results : 

Receipts  from  all  sources 8152,952  44 

Expenditures  for  all  purposes 132,686  23 


Balance  on  hand  the  first  of  July,  1862 820,256  21 

Exhibit  K.  shows  the  cost  value  of  stores  on  hand  on  the  first  day  of 
July,  1862,  to  be  8117,211  21.  Their  present  market  value  is  more 
than  double  that  amount.  This  statement  does  not  include  the  heavy 
stores  of  beef  and  bacon  cured  and  packed  in  the  upper  Districts  by  Mr. 
Robert  Adger.  The  correspondence  in  this  Department  shows  that  this 
patriotic  citizen,  failing  to  receive  any  authority  or  guaranty  from  the 
State,  upon  the  earnest  assurance  of  Colonel  Walker,  the  Commissary 
General,  that  he  deemed  the  measure  of  vital  importance  to  the  welfare 
of  the  country,  assumed  all  the  risk,  advanced  the  funds,  and  devoted 
his  time  trmtuitously  to  the  purchasing,  slaying,  curing  and  packing  of 
beeves  and  hogs,  to  the  extent  of  more  than  one  hundred  tons  in  weight, 
which  he  placed  at  the  control  of  the  State.     Such  conduct,  in  these 


32 

times  of  extortion,  stands  out  in  bold  relief,  and  merits,  as  it  will  receive, 
the  admiration  and  gratitude  of  his  country.  The  Commissary  General, 
while  receiving  this  valuable  contribution,  is  now  engaged  in  settling 
the  account  of  Mr.  Adger. 

Exhibit  L.  will  show  the  leading  purchases,  issues  and  balances  for 
the  present  year.  From  statement  J.  it  appears  that  the  Confederate 
Commissary  lias  been,  to  a  large  extent,  supplied  from  our  stores.  By 
reference  to  the  orders  and  correspondence  (see  accompanying  papers, 
No.  17),  it  will  appear  that  I  ordered  a  temporary  discontinuance  of 
these  sales,  for  reasons  assigned,  giving  to  the  Commissary  General  dis- 
cretion to  resume  in  conformity  to  the  general  purpose  I  had  in  view. 
This  measure  was  attended  with  very  favorable  results,  inasmuch  as 
heavy  stores,  in  consequence,  were  purchased  by  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment from  the  Sea  Islands  and  abandoned  and  exposed  plantations, 
while  the  State  was  thus  enabled  to  husband  its  already  secure  supply j 
to  meet  unforeseen  contingencies. 

The  accompanying  papers  (No.  18)  will  show  that  I  ordered  the  col- 
lection and  purchase  of  three  thousand  casks  of  rice  from  exposed 
regions,  and  afterwards,  by  authority,  duplicated  the  quantity. 

Owing  to  the  extravagant  prices  demauded  for  provisions,  I  have 
deemed  it  expedient  to  instruct  the  Commissary  General  to  supply  the 
Commissariat  of  the  South  Carolina  Military  Academy  with  stores  at 
cost  prices,  thereby  effecting  a  large  saving  to  the  State,  without  im- 
pairing our  resources  to  any  appreciable  extent. 

From  time  to  time  our  stores  have  been  carefully  inspected,  and 
reported  in  good  condition. 

The  one  hundred  and  eighty-six  sacks  of  salt,  seized  in  Cheraw  last 
fall,  by  the  order  of  your  Excellency,  was,  by  authority,  sold  as  directed 
in  my  order.     (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  19.) 

1  have,  also  under  authority,  directed  the  Commissary  General  to 
distribute  the  eighty  sacks  of  ocean  salt  we  have  on  hand  to  the  Sol- 
diers' Relief  Associations  of  the  several  Districts,  to  be  sold  in  small 
quantities,  at  cost,  to  the  families  of  our  soldiers  in  service.  The  upper 
and  more  populous  Districts  have  received  the  first  supply,  and  we 
expect  to  send,  as  fast  as  it  comes  to  hand,  a  due  proportion  to  each 
District  in  the  State.  I  have  purchased,  for  the  sum  of  four  thousand 
five  hundred  dollars,  a  large  brick  store,  for  the  use  of  this  and  other 
Departments.  The  purchase  is  a  good  one,  and  the  title  is  in  the 
State.  The  building  can  now  be  sold  at  a  large  advance,  if  the  State 
desires  to  sell. 


33 

Exhibit  L.  also  shows  the  locality  of  the  stores,  &c,  where  they  are 
deemed  safe.  Notwithstanding  the  heavy  expense  of  transporting  them 
into  the  interior,  there  has  been  a  considerable  reduction  in  the  bureau 
expenses. 

SURGEON  GENERAL'S  BUREAU. 

This  bureau,  in  charge  of  the  Surgeon  General,  has  not  been  organ- 
ized in  accordance  with  the  plan  suggested  in  his  report  (see  accompa- 
nying papers,  No.  20),  because  we  have  had  no  large  bodies  of  organized 
forces  in  State  Service.  Should,  however,  the  Confederate  Govern- 
ment leave  our  present  organization  undisturbed,  it  might  be  well  to 
consider  and  act  upon  the  suggestion  of  this  officer. 

The  cash  transactions  have  been  as  follows : 

Received  from  Treasury,  under  appropriations  of  the  Leg- 
islature   $2,000  00 

Expenditures  on  Hospital  account,  as  per  vouchers  filed  in 
this  office 763  12 

Balance  on  hand §1,236  88 

At  the  suggestion  of  the  Surgeon  General,  I  issued  an  order,  in  July 
last,  directing  the  establishment  of  a  Way-side  Hospital  at  Kingsville ; 
since  which  date  it  has,  under  temporary  arrangements,  dispensed  its 
benefits  to  the  sick  and  wounded  soldier  on  the  way.  I  am  happy  to 
be  informed,  by  the  Surgeon  General,  that  the  permanent  hospital 
building  is  nearly  ready  for  occupation ;  and  with  the  facilities  now  at 
our  command,  we  have  good  reason  to  hope  that  the  sufferings  of  the 
soldiers  in  transitu  will  be  greatly  alleviated. 

In  the  latter  part  of  March,  I  obtained  the  authority  of  the  Governor 
and  Council  to  transmit,  by  the  hands  of  a  trusty  agent,  exchange  on 
Europe  for  the  purpose  of  replenishing  our  exhausted  medical  stores. 
We  have  quite  recently  received  the  bulk  of  our  purchases  safely,  and 
I  trust  that  the  Surgeon  General  will  have  it  in  his  power  to  open  and 
report  upon  them  before  this  report  is  closed.  From  the  supplies 
received,  I  have  directed  him  to  sell  to  our  soldiers  in  service  an  half- 
ounce  of  quinine  each,  at  one-half  the  current  rates. 

PAYMASTER   GENERAL'S    BUREAU. 

This  bureau,  like  that  of  the  Quartermaster  General,  was  burdened 
with  pressing  claims.     The  troops  called  out  by  your  Excellency,  in 
5 


34 

November,  18G1 ,  and  placed  under  the  command  of  Confederate  officers, 
although  never  regularly  mustered  into  Confederate  service,  being  all  the 
time,  however,  actively  employed  under  Confederate  authority,  it  was 
hoped  that  the  Confederate  Government  would  pay  them;  this  it  failed 
to  do,  and  our  unpaid  soldiery  became  clamorous  for  their  pay.  Imme- 
diately after  taking  charge  of  my  Department,  I  presented  these  facts 
to  the  Secretary  of  War,  who  replied  that  the  State  must  meet  these 
claims  for  the  present,  and  leave  the  matter  for  future  adjustment  with 
the  Confederate  Government.  1  then,  under  authority,  instructed  the 
paymaster  to  prepare  estimates.  The  operations  of  this  bureau  have 
been  principally  confined  to  the  examination  and  settlement  of  these 
claims. 

The  cash  transactions,  exhibited  in  the  Appendix  (marked  M.),  show 
the  following  aggregate  results  : 

Receipts   from    all  sources,  to  30th  of  June $57,788  89 

Expenditures  for  all  purposes        "      "      "    54,405  23 

Balance  on  hand  the  first  of  July £3,3s;  66 

The  Paymaster  General  has  no  clerical  force  in  his  bureau,  and  has 
faithfully  discharged  the  duties  of  his  office. 

engineer's  bureau. 

The  State  has  no  organized  Bureau  of  Engineers,  nor  any  engineer 
corps;  but  under  this  head  I  may  refer,  with  propriety,  to  several 
reconnoissances  made  under  my  instruction.  (See  accompanying  papers, 
No.  21.) 

With  a  view  to  obstruction  and  defence,  in  February*  last,  I  caused 
a  reconnoissance  to  be  made  of  the  Santee  and  Pee  Dee  rivers.  Th^ 
first  was  conducted  by  a  commission  composed  of  Messrs.  John  L. 
Manning,  John  11.  Niernsee  and  John  Macrae.  It  wyas  thoroughly 
done,  as  will  appear  by  the  report  of  the  ccftnmission,  herewith  sent. 
The  obstruction  in  the  Santee  was  not  immediately  begun,  as  it  was  not 
deemed,  at  that  time,  necessary,  the  enemy  not  then  being  in  possession 
of  any  gunboats  of  draft  light  enough  to  pass  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of 
the  river.  Not  feeling  easy,  however,  for  the  safety  of  the  railroad 
bridge  across  that  stream,  and  of  the  plantations  below,  I  directed  the 
obstruction  to  be  made  some  time  in  May  last.  It  is  not,  however,  suf- 
ficient, and  I  am  now  prepared  to  make  it  of  a  character  so  formidable 
that  no  boat  can  pass,  provided  5t  is  defended  by  a  battery  and  a  few 


35 

rifles.  The  direction  of  the  work  will  be  under  Mr.  Niernsee,  in  whose 
engineering  skill  and  ability  I  have  gre,at  confidence.  This  obstruction 
is  below  Lanneau's  Ferry,  and  will  guard  both  the  Congaree  and  Waterec 
rivers. 

The  reconnoissance  and  obstruction  of  the  Pee  Dee  river  were  intrusted 
to  a  commission  consisting  of  Generals  Harlle'6  and  Gonzales,*  Mr. 
Geddes  and  others.  This  obstruction,  at  Stone's  Landing,  on  the  Pee 
Dee,  has  been  complete  for  many  months.  The  work  was  promptly 
and  energetically  done.  It  is  supposed  to  be  adequate,  and  is  guarded 
by  a  battery  and  some  infantry.  For  further  information  on  this  sub- 
ject, I  refer  your  Excellency  to  the  report  of  General  Harllee,  which  is 
herewith  sent. 

jThe  cost  of  the  reconnoissanccs  was  but  small — the  gentlemen  of  the 
commission  charging  only  their  personal  expenses.  The  obstruction  on 
the  Pee  Dee  cost  us,  according  to  the  report,  four  thousand  four  hun- 
dred and  twenty-six  dollars.  That  on  the  Santee  is  not  complete,  but 
we  suppose  will  not  cost  more. 

I  caused  still  another  reconnoissance  to  be  made,  which  was  of  the 
mountain  passes  leading  to  this  State  from  Tennessee,  North  Carolina 
and  Georgia.  This  was  performed  by  Messrs.  J.  R.  Niernsee  and  John 
Macrae.  It  may  yet  prove  very  useful.  For  the  manner  in  which  it 
was  done,  and  for  full  information  on  the  subject,  I  take  great  pleasure 
in  referring  you  t6  the  elaborate  report  of  these  gentlemen,  herewith 
sent,  and  to  the  beautiful  map  which  accompanies  it. 

The  entire  cost  of  all  the  reconnoissances  and  obstructions,  as  far  as 
rendered,  will  be  seen  to  be  comparatively  small.     (See  Appendix  N.) 

Expenditures $5,458  33 

Cash  drawn  from  Treasury 5,458  33 

ORDNANCE    BUREAU. 

On  assuming  the  supervision  of  this  bureau,  I  discovered  that  its 
large  stores  of  ordnance  and  small  arms  had  been  scattered  broadcast 
over  the  Confederacy,  and  its  efficiency  much  injured  by  an  irregularity 
which  I  will  notice  hereafter,  and  of  which  the  able  officer  in  charge 
complained.  As  the  best  method  of  presenting  its  condition,  I  propose 
a  brief  review  of  the  operations  of  1861.  A  tabular  statement,  pre- 
pared from  reliable  data,  furnished  by  the  laborious  investigations  and 
elaborate  reports  of  Major  Eason  and  Captain  Thomas,  is  hereto 
appeuded  (marked  0.),  and  shows  the  followiug  results: 


36 

Tlcavy  Ordnance — On  hand  December,  1860 103 

Purchased  from  Tredegar  Works  in  1861 10 

113 

Issued 100 

On  hand  the  first  of  January,  1862 13 

Field  Artillery — On*  hand  December,  1860 66 

Donated  by  Messrs.  Fraser  &  Co 2 

"         "  P.  C.  J.  Weston  &  C.  K.  Prioleau,  1 
/       each 2 

70 

Issued 52 

On  hand  the  first  of  January,  1862 18 

Muskets  and  Rijles— On  hand  December,  1860 27,407 

Bought  by  order  of  Governor  Gist 4,850 

32,257 

Issued  or  unaccounted  for 29,086 

3,171 

Deduct  condemned,  "  Irreparable  "  452 

On  hand  the  first  of  January,  1862 2,719 

Of  side  arms,  two  thousand  two  hundred  and  seventy-one  pistols,  and 
two  thousand  three  hundred  and  thirteen  swords  and  sabres,  had  been 
distributed,  leaving  none  of  the  former,  and  only  three  hundred  and 
thirty-five  of  the  latter,  on  hand  the  first  of  January,  1862. 
Powder — On  hand  December,  1860,  pounds  of,  20,400 

Purchased  in  1801 417,550 

437,950 

Issued 373,897 

64,053 
Deduct  old  and  damaged...  4;843 

On  hand  first  of  January,  1862,  pounds  of,  59,210 

From  the  statistical  tables  (accompanying  papers,  No.  22,)  it  ap- 
pears that  a  large  proportion  of  these  issues  were  sent  beyond  the  limits 
of  the  State,  to  various  points  in  Tennessee,  Florida,  Georgia,  North 
Carolina  and  Virginia.  With  reference  to  the  irregularity  in  the 
bureau,  of  which  I  have  spoken,  I  submit  the  following  extract  from 
the  able  report  of  Major  Edward  Manigault  to  the  Board  of  Ordnance, 
made  November  twenty-first,  1861: 


37 

"There  is  one  crying  evil  which  I  must  state  broadly  and  distinctly. 
The  Arsenal  Keepers  in  Charleston  and  Columbia  arc  instructed  to 
issue  ordnance  and  ordnance  stores  on  the  order  of  the  Governor,  or 
his  Adjutant  General;  on  that  of  the  Board  of  Visitors;  on  that  of  the 
Board  of  Ordnance,  through  their  Chairman;  on  that  of  the  Chief  of 
Ordnance,  and  to  the  Major  General  of  the  Militia  commanding  the 
division  in  which  the  arsenal  is.  Whatever  the  precise  instructions 
may  have  been,  there  is  no  doubt  this  has  been  the  practice."  In  con- 
sequence of  this  irregularity,  it  became  necessary  to  give  the  ordnance 
officer  an  order  not  to  issue  any  ordnance  or  ordnance  stores  without 
the  express  order  of  this  Department,  or  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

The  weakened  condition  of  this  most  important  branch  of  our  mili- 
tary strength  was  more  deplorable,  because  existing  at  a  time  when  the 
enemy,  flushed  with  having  successfully  established  himself  at  Port 
Royal,  was  arrogantly  threatening  our  speedy  subjugation.  Prompt 
and  efficient  action  was  required  to  place  this  bureau  in  a  condition  of 
adequate  supply. 

At  the  first  meeting  of  the  Executive  Council,  on  the  ninth  of 
January  last,  I  had  the  honor  to  propose  the  resolution  then  adopted. 
(See  accompanying  papers,  No.  23.)  Under  its  provisions,  I  forth- 
with published  a  call  for  the  collection  and  return  of  State  arms  and 
equipments,  inviting  those  who  had  more  than  one  rifle  or  double- 
barrel  gun  to  send  them  to  the  Department,  to  be  paid  for  at  a  fair 
valuation.  I  corresponded  with  parties  of  known  energy  and  prudence, 
authorizing  them  to  collect  public  arms,  and  purchase  effective  weapons 
in  private  hands,  and  appointed  Captain  T.  W.  Iladcliffe  General 
Agent  of  the  State  for  that  purpose,  giving  him  authority  to  appoint 
sub-agents,  under  instructions. 

The  result  of  this  movement  was  not  only  to  secure  some  hundreds 
of  serviceable  rifles  and  double-barrel  guns,  but  also  to  gather  into  the 
State  Arsenals  several  thousand  public  arms  and  accoutrements,  nearly 
all  of  them  serviceable,  or  susceptible  of  being  rendered  so,  and  four 
light  bronze  field  pieces,  with  equipments.  In  addition,  valuable  dona- 
tions of  small  arms,  lead,  brass,  &c,  were  made  by  patriotic  citizens; 
and  various  congregations  and  corporations,  moved  by  a  holy  impulse, 
freely  forwarded  their  bells  to  be  moulded  into  cannon.  The  accom- 
panying papers  (No.  24)  furnish  the  more  important  details  of  these 
collections  and  contributions. 

Under  the  direction  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  I  appointed  Mr. 
David  Lopez  General  Superintendent  for  the  manufacture  and  repair 


of  small  arms.  |  Sec  accompanying  papers,  No.  25.)  For  the  repair 
of  arms,  and  the  manufacture  of  pikes,  in  which  I  had  never  an}*  faith, 
the  work-simps  were  occupied  in  the  State  House  grounds.  At  this 
period,  the  demand  upon  my  time  and  attention  from  this  and  all  the 
bureaus,  and  from  an  infinite  number  of  other  sources,  became  so 
oppressive,  that  I  obtained  the  assent  of  the  Governor  and  Council  to 
form  the  Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture,  to  the  control 
of  which  was  assigned  the  Hon.  W.  II.  Gist,  in  whose  hands  the  work 
has  been  energetically  pressed.  For  further  information  on  the  subject, 
I  refer  you  to  his  report. 

In  the  latter  part  of  March,  under  authority,  I  transmitted,  by  Mr. 
Evans,  of  Charleston,  a  bill  of  exchange  on  England  for  the  purchase 
of  rifles,  ammunition,  equipments,  medicines,  iVe.  Nearly  all  have 
safely  reached  us.  Some  cases  were  thrown  overboard  while  running 
the  blockade.  Of  the  rifles  (Enfield),  we  have  now  at  the  Arsenal  at 
Columbia  2,535.  The  purchases  made  under  this  adventure  could  now 
be  sold  for  five  times  their  cost. 

Under  authority,  a  revolving  cannon  has  been  purchased  by  the 
Department,  and  is  now  in  good  hands,  from  which  we  expect  good 
service.  It  was  only  lent  to  the  Confederate  officer,  and  is  subject  at 
any  moment  to  the  order  of  the  State. 

Efforts  to  procure  powder  have  not  availed  much  to  increase  our 
stock;  but  what  we  had  on  hand  has  been  carefully  husbanded,  and 
issued  only  when  the  public  good  demanded  it.  At  an  early  period, 
the  Confederate  Government  was  notified  that  our  stock  was  low,  and 
that  they  must  look  elsewhere  for  supplies.  It  will  appear  in  another 
part  of  the  report  that  due  attention  has  been  given  to  the  production 
of  the  material  most,  essential  to  the  manufacture  of  gunpowder. 

An  examination  of  the  exhibit  0.,  before  referred  to,  will  show  that 
the  stock  of  fixed  ammunition  for  small  arms  has  been  more  than 
tripled  since  first  of  January  last,  requiring  over  12,000  pounds  of 
powder.  This  table  will  also  show  the  gratifying  result  of  my  efforts 
to  procure  arms. 

During  the  year  we  have  issued  7,397  effective  rifles  and  muskets — 
more  than  three  times  the  number  we  had  on  hand  on  the  first  of 
January  last — among  them  the  1,000  received  by  your  Excellency 
from  llichmond  some  time  last  winter  or  spring;  and  we  have  now  on 
hand  7,710,  nearly  triple,  also,  the  number  in  January.  Among  those 
we  have  now,  one-third  are  new,  first  class  Enfield  rifles,  and  all  in 
good  condition.     The  statement  does  not  include  the  guns  now  in  the 


39 

wort  shops  in  Greenville  for  repair.  Of  side  arms,  also,  we  began  the 
year  with  little,  have  made  large  issues,  and  have  a  fair  supply  on  hand. 

The  small  supply  of  heavy  ordnance,  with  the  collection  we  have 
been  able  to  mate,  has  been  exhausted  by  the  constant  and  heavy 
demand  of  the  Confederate  Government  for  the  defence  of  Charleston. 
None,  however,  has  been  sent  out  of  the  State.  We  have  but  two  on 
hand.  The  field  artillery  has  been  increased  thirty-one  pieces  since 
January  last,  but  the  issues  have  tept  pace  with  the  additions,  leaving 
at  this  time  but  eighteen  light  pieces.  There  were  twenty-two  artillery 
carriages  on  hand  on  the  first  of  January,  many  of  them  old,  and  some 
worthless.  The  supply  was  increased  by  twenty-seven  new,  or 
thoroughly  repaired;  but  the  demand  around  Charleston  has  reduced 
the  total  number  on  hand  to  eighteen.  The  supply  of  prepared  pro- 
jectiles has  been  more  thau  doubled,  and  the  unprepared  sustained. 
These  facts  speat  well  for  the  energy  and  efficiency  of  Major  Eason, 
now  at  the  head  of  the  bureau. 

A  large  quantity  of  lead  has  been  purchased,  and  besides  that 
moulded,  we  have  now  on  hand  21,000  pounds.  We  have  been  able 
to  mate  slight  additions  to  our  cannon  caps,  and  an  increase  to  the 
stoct  for  small  anus.  I  have  endeavored  to  obtain  adequate  supplies 
from  the  Secretary  of  War,  but  although  promised,  they  have  never 
been  received.  With  the  exception  of  powder  and  heavy  ordnance, 
the  bureau  will  be  adequate  to  all  probable  and  reasonable  demands. 
It  is  now  in  good  condition. 

Exhibits  Iv.,  S.,  T.,  U.  and  V.  show  the  issues  of  all  classes  to  the 
Confederate  Government  during  the  present  year. 

It  was  deemed  prudent  to  move  the  heavier  and  more  important 
stores  from  Charleston  to  Columbia.  The  construction,  therefore,  of  a 
new  magazine  became  necessary.  Captain  Thomas  was  ordered  to  have 
one  built.  It  is  finished,  received,  will  contain  100,000  pounds  of 
powder,  and  cost  the  State  §1,200.  Guns  repaired  under  some  con- 
tracts which  I  have  been  unable  to  see,  were  so  defective  that  large 
numbers  were  constantly  returned  to  be  done  aneW.  To  the  force  of 
the  bureau  it  became  necessary  to  add  a  first  class  armorer.  But,  not- 
withstanding the  increase  of  the  bureau  force,  its  expenses  are  over 
two  thousand  dollars  less  per  annum  thau  those  of  last  year. 

Appended  (marked  P.)  will  be  found  an  exhibit  of  the  cash  transac- 
tions for  1861,  and,  notwithstanding  the  heavy  expenditure,  the 
bureau,  like  some  of  the  others,  was  burdened  with  debt.  Some 
§33,000  of  old  obligations  have  been  paid  since  January  last. 


40 

The  cash  transactions  for  the  first  two  quarters  of  this  year  will  be 
seen  in  exhibit  Q.,  anfl  iuay  be  stated  generally  : 

Receipts  from  all  sources §109,176  54 

Expenditures  for  all  purposes 106,776  60 

♦Balance  on  hand  the  first  of  July 2,399  94 

Most  of  the  troops  from  South  Carolina,  in  Confederate  service,  havo 
been  armed  by  the  State,  and  it  is  believed  that  we  will  never  be  ablo 
to  reclaim  them.  The  Confederate  Government,  as  I  understand, 
refuses  to  redeliver  to  the  States,  but  assumes  the  ground  that  the 
arms  have  become  Confederate  property,  to  be  accounted  for  in  a  future 
settlement.  How  far  we  will  be  able  to  make  out  a  full  account  from 
the  beginning,  I  am  unable  to  say.  The  Confederate  Government  has 
made  application  for  the  arms  imported  by  the  State  under  order  of  this 
Department.  I  have  taken  the  liberty  to  decline  to  turn  them  over, 
and  recommend  that  we  shall  never  again  strip  the  State  of  the  means 
of  self-defence. 

LEAD   MINE. 

Under  authority  of  a  resolution  introduced  by  your  Excellency,  I 
availed  myself  of  the  proffered  scientific  skill  and  services  of  Dr.  John 
LeConte,  to  examine  the  lead  mines  in  the  State.  The  lead  mine  iu 
Spartanburg  he  reports  to  be  rich  in  ore,  and  easily  worked.  Arrange- 
ments have  been  made  with  the  proprietor,  Mr.  Cammeron,  to  place  it 
for  a  time  in  the  hands  of  the  State  without  charge,  until  all  expenses 
incurred  shall  be  paid,  and  after  that  time  to  receive  a  certain  ratio  of 
the  yield.  Dr.  LeConte  has  taken  steps  to  procure  the  necessary  skilled 
labor  to  work  the  mine.     (See  accompanying  papers,  No.  25.) 

SALTPETRE   PLANTATION. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  present  war,  and  for  some  time  anterior,  one 
of  the  greatest  sources  of  anxiety  to  the  Government,  and  to  the  intelli- 
gent citizen,  was  the  very  limited,  in  fact  the  totally  inadequate,  Fupply 
of  gunpowder.  We  were,  to  a  great  extent,  cut  off  from  the  foreign 
world,  from  whence  alone  we  could  procure  a  sufficient  quantity.     To 

•Balance  on  hand  July  1 $2,399  94 

Receipts  during  July 28,228  03 

$25,(527  97 
Expenditures  during  July 20,385  91 

Balance  on  hand  August  1 %...     $5,242  06 


41 

manufacture  a  sufficiency  to  meet  the  wants  of  the  army  in  every  quar- 
ter, was  beyond  our  power.  The  chief  ingredient,  seventy-five  per 
cent,  of  which  enters  into  the  manufacture,  was  at  the  time  beyond  our 
reach.  It  is  true  that  there  were  within  the  limits  of  the  Confederacy 
saltpetre  caves,  but  their  yield  was  far  short  of  our  necessities.  There 
was  but  one  way  to  supply  the  deficiency,  and  that  was  to  produce  it 
ourselves.  Accordingly,  early  in  February  last,  I  caused  a  brief  state- 
ment of  the  process  of  production  to  be  published,  and  called  upon  all 
who  could  to  aid  us  by  making  it.  To  this  there  was  no  response.  I" 
determined  then  to  produce  it  under  the  immediate  direction  of  this 
Department.  On  the  fourteenth  of  March,  I  had  the  honor  to  intro- 
duce a  resolution  authorizing  me  to  do  so.  The  authority  was  granted. 
On  the  twenty-first  of  the  same  month,  I  wrote  to  Dr.  W.  Hutson  Ford, 
who  was  then  a  Surgeon  in  the  army  on  the  coast,  requesting  him  to 
uudcrtake  the  superintendence  of  the  plantation.  General  Femberton 
at  once  detailed  him,  and  he  reported  here  without  delay.  *  On  the 
twenty-eighth  of  March,  Dr.  Ford  was  appointed  Superintendent,  and 
entered  at  once  upon  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  with  great  zeal  and 
intelligence. 

Five  acres  of  land  were  leased  for  this  purpose,  at  an  almost  nominal 
rate,  from  Dr.  Farker,  and  the  necessary  sheds,  buildings,  &c,  con- 
structed. A  large  number  of  beds  have  been  made,  which  are  in  rapid 
process  of  nitrification.  What  quantity  of  nitre  may  be  expected  from 
them,  cannot  now  be  accurately  stated,  but  it  is  hoped  and  expected 
that  after  a  period  of  from  eight  to  twelve  months  from  the  time  they 
were  made,  that  we  may  obtain  at  least  one  thousand  pounds  daily, 
which  would  make  one  thousand  three  hundred  and  thirty-three  pounds 
gunpowder.  In  order  to  produce  it  more  rapidly,  I  have  ordered  the 
preparation  of  a  wagon  train,  with  troughs,  pans,  &c.  This  can  be 
done  by  extracting  such  earth  beneath  buildings  in  Columbia,  and  the 
adjacent  country,  as  is  generally  found  to  contain  nitre.  By  these 
means  we  can  produce  saltpetre  enough  to  insure  a  constant  supply  to 
manufacture  a  sufficient  quantity  of  powder  for  the  wants  of  the  State, 
at  all  times.  (See  report  of  Dr.  Ford,  in  accompanying  papers,  No. 
26.)     The  sulphur  and  charcoal  can  always  be  obtained. 

It  is  believed  that  the  saltpetre  plantation,  under  the  charge  of  Dr. 
Ford,  is  the  first  ever  established  on  this  continent;  and  I  must  here 
express  my  obligations  to  Dr.  Joseph  LeConte,  for  his  valuable  aid  in 
establishing  this  plantation.  A  copy  of  his  "instructions  for  the  man- 
ufacture of  saltpetre,"  is  herewith  presented  to  you.  The  cost  of  the 
6 


42 

plantation,  up  to  the  first  of  July,  1862,  as  per  Exhibit  "W.,  appended, 
is  as  follows  : 

Receipts  from  Treasury, 89,488  10 

Expenditures  to  first  of  September, 9,100  59 

Balance  on  hand  September  1,  1862, 8387  51 

GUNBOAT. 

An  appropriation  of  three  hundred  thousand  dollars  was  ordered  by 
the  Convention,  at  its  last  meeting,  for  building  a  marine  battery  or 
ram,  and  for  the'  construction  or  purchase  of  other  vessels  adapted  to 
coast  or  inland  defence,  and  the  Governor  and  Council  were  "  empow- 
ered, on  cousult::tion  with  the  officer  of  the  Confederate  Navy  for  the 
time  being  in  command  of  the  Military  District  whereof  the  city  of 
Charleston  forms  a  part,  to  order  the  building  or  purchase  of  said  ves- 
sels." 

During  ray  first  tour  of  duty  iu  Charleston,  in  the  latter  part  of  Jan- 
uary, I  conferred  freely  with  Commodore  Ingraham  on  this  subject; 
and  subsequently,  on  the  twelfth  of  February,  in  obedience  to  a  resolu- 
tion introduced  by  your  Excellency,  I  communicated  with  him  in  writ- 
ing. He  referred  me  to  flag-officer  Tatnall,  commanding  in  the  waters 
of  South  Carolina,  then  at  Savannah.  As  the  enemy's  fleet  intervened 
between  that  officer  and  the  harbor  of  Charleston,  I  addressed  the  Pres- 
ident, at  the  request  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  asking  that  Commo- 
dore Ingraham  might  be  placed  in  command  of  naval  affairs  in  Charleston. 
Commodore  Ingraham,  Captain  Hamilton  and  G.  A.  Trenholra,  were 
appointed  a  commission  to  carry  out  the  resolution  of  the  Convention, 
and  notified  that  the  fund  was  subject  to  their  order. 

This  commission  did  not  act,  because  it  was  thought  unnecessary  to 
use  the  funds,  and  impracticable  to  obtain  workmen  and  material — the 
Confederate  Government  having  already  given  orders  to  Commodore 
Ingraham  to  build  a  boat  of  like  character,  and  six  gunboats  of  smaller 
class.  Thus  the  matter  was  suspended  until  the  eighth  of  April,  when, 
being  notified  of  a  change  in  the  condition  of  things,  which  made  it 
expedient  to  undertake  the  construction  of  an  iron-clad  vessel,  another 
commission,  consisting  of  Messrs.  J.  K.  Sass,  G.  A.  Trenholm,  C.  M. 
Eurmau,  W.  C.  Courtenay,  and  W.  B.  Heriot,  was  appointed,  the  ap- 
propriation placed  at  their  disposal,  and  after  unavoidable  delays,  the 
enterprise  was  fairly  commenced  on  the  ninth  day  of  April. 

For  the  manner  in  which  the  work  has  been  carried  forward,  as  well 

% 


43 

as  an  accurate  description  of  the  boat,  I  ask  leave  to  refer  to  the  report 
of  the  commission,  in  the  accompanying  papers  (No.  27).  The  "  Chi- 
cora"  was  successfully  launched  on  the  twenty-third  day  of  August, 
and  now  rides  beautifully  on  the  waters.  The  vessel  will  be  transferred, 
on  completion,  by  name  to  the  Confederate  Government,  pursuant  to 
an  agreement  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  to  do  so,  on  being  reim- 
bursed the  entire  cost. 

The  commission,  under  authority  asked  for  and  obtained,  are  pro- 
ceeding with  arrangements  to  build  two  more  gunboats  as  rapidly  as 
possible — one  of  them  to  be  of  lighter  draft,  for  river  defe-nce. 

CONCLUSION. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  reports  of  bureaus  are  made  in  full  up  to  the 
first  of  July  only,  except  that  of  the  saltpetre  plantation,  which  is  made 
in  full  up  to  the  first  of  September.  This  is  done  because  the  monthly 
statements  form  only  partial  items  of  the  quarterly  accounts.  Wherever 
the  transactions  for  July  have  involved  matters  of  moment,  I  have  given 
a  synopsis  of  them,  aud  may  remark  that  the  statements  for  that  month 
indicate  a  continued  careful  compliance  with  the  "Army  Regulations." 

I  append  a  statement  (marked  X.),  showing  at  a  glance  the  object  for 
which  each  expenditure  was  made,  the  amount  of  the  expenditure,  and 
the  authority  under  which  it  was  made. 

The  multiplicity  of  subjects,  and  infinite  details  connected  with  the 
operations  of  this  Department,  have  enlarged  my  report  beyond  the1 
volume  within  which  1  would  have  been  pleased  to  encompass  it,  but 
anything  less  would  not  have  presented  the  " business  and  condition" 
of  the  Department. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

JAMES  CHESNUT,  Jr., 
Chief  of  the  Department  of  the  Military  of  South  Carolina. 


APPENDIX. 


STATE  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Executive  Council  Chamber, 
January  17,  1862. 
Rules  made  and  established  by  the  Governor  and   Council  for  the  man- 
agement of  the  Department  of  the  Military  of  the  State. 

Rule  I.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Chief  of  the  Military  Depart- 
ment to  examine  into  the  military  condition  of  South  Carolina,  which 
includes  the  returns  and  present  condition  of  the  troops^  in  service,  and 
the  militia  not  in  service,  together  with  the  number,  amount  and  con- 
dition of  arms,  ordnance,  ammunition,  clothing  and  supplies,  and  to 
report  the  same  to  the  Governor  and  Council. 

Rule  II.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Chief  of  said  Department  to 
keep  in  proper  form  and  report  regular  and  exact  returns  of  the  mili- 
tary force  of  the  State  in  Confederate  service  and  in  the  militia  of  the 
State,  and  of  all  military  stores,  arms,  equipments  and  supplies  in  the 
magazines  and  other  places  in  the  State,  and  to  order,  receive  and  take 
them,  and  all  arms,  ammunition  and  equipments,  from  officers  and 
other  persons  in  whose  possession  they  may  be,  which  belong  to  the 
State  and  are  not  used  in  actual  service,  and  to  direct  them  to  such 
places  as  he  may  deem  proper. 

Rule  III.  The  Chief  of  said  Department  shall  form  estimates  for 
all  such  stores,  arms,  ammunition,  equipments,  clothes  and  supplies,  as 
may  be  requisite  for  the  military  service  of  this  State  and  the  contin- 
gencies of  Confederate  demand,  and  providing  adequate  magazines  for 
the  same  where  such  do  not  now  exist,  and  report  the  same  to  the 
Governor  and  Council,  that  due  provision  may  be  made  therefor. 

Rule  IV.  The  Chief  of  said  Department  shall  give  directions  neces- 
sary to  carry  into  operation  all  resolutions  and  directions  of  the  Gover- 
nor and  Council,  by  orders  through  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector 
General's  Department,  for  raising,  arming  and  equipping  troops  for  the 


46 

service  of  the  State  and  of  the  Confederate  States,  under  the  authority 
of  the  State,  and  for  organizing,  providing  and  inspecting  the  same; 
and  to  direct  the  arrangement,  distribution,  transportation  and  operation 

of  such  troops  (till  mustered  into  Confederate  service)  as  may  be 
brought  into  the  service  of  the  State  under  and  subject  to  the  orders  of  * 
the  Governor  and  Council,  and  to  provide  for  the  transportation,  safe 
keeping  and  distribution  of  supplies  necessary  for  the  troops  called  into 
the  service  of  the  State,  or  which  the  contingency  of  the  Confederate 
service  may  appear  to  require. 

Rule  V.  The  Chief  of  the  said  Department  is  vested  with  all  such 
powers  as  are  necessary  for  a  full  performance  of  the  duties  above 
specified,  or  which  may  hereafter  be  imposed,  and  to  this  end  he  may 
supervise,  direct  and  give  all  proper  orders  to  the  Commissary,  Ord- 
nance, Quartermaster  and  Medical  Departments  of  the  military  organi- 
zation of  the  State,  and  command  all  officers  aud  employees  in  the 
military  service  of  the  State,  and  to  depute  to  them  such  matter  aud  at 
such  times  as  he  may  see  proper.  He  is  vested  with  further  power  to 
remove  all  persons  employed  iu  any  of  the  Departments  aforesaid,  and 
to  appoint  others  in  their  stead  ;  but  all  such  orders,  removals  and  ap- 
pointments, shall  be  done  by  orders  through  the  Adjutant  aud  Inspec- 
tor General's  Department,  and  shall  be  reported  to  the  Governor  and 
Council  at  their  next  meeting  thereafter,  aud  be  subject  to  the  control 
of  the  same.  Appointments  to  all  vacancies  iu  the  military  service 
of  the  State  heretofore  vested  by  law  in  the  Governor,  shall  be  vested 
in  the  Chief  of  the  Military  Department,  subject  to  the  previous 
decision  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

IIule  VI.  The  Chief  of  the  Military  Department  shall  keep  a  book 
or  books,  in  which  all  orders  and  directions  made  or  given  by  him  shall 
be  transcribed,  and  the  same  shall  be  submitted  to  the  Governor  aud 
Couucil  at  each  successive  meeting;  and  to  enable  hiin  to  discharge 
such  duties  as  are  imposed,  he  is  authorized  to  employ  one  or  more 
clerks,  upou  such  compensation  as  may  be  fixed  by  the  Governor  and 
Council. 

By  order  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

F.  J.  MOSES,  Jr.,  Secretary. 


47 


B. 


Statement  of  South  Carolina  Troops  mustered  into  the  service  of  the 
Confederate  States,  or  under  Confederate  orders,  on  the  first  day  of 
January,  18G2,  compiled  from  the  reports  of  the  Adjutant  and  In- 
spector General  of  South  Carolina. 


Style   of    Organiza 
iioh. 


Name  op 
Commander. 


Arm  of 


1st  Regt.  S.  C.  Vols 

2d  " 

3i  •' 

4th  " 

5th  "         "        " 

6th  "         "       " 

7,1,  «  .<        a 

8th    " 
llth    " 

Hampton's  region.... 
Calhoun's  U.  Bat'rj 
Mangum's  Company 
Boj  kin  s  Rangers  ... 
Kirkwood  Rat 

Artillery   

i-    Regt.  S.  C.  Vols 

yih    •• 

10th    "        "      " 
12th    " 

18th    "         "       « 
14th    "         " 
15th    "         "       " 
16th    " 
17th    "         " 
Holcombe  L  igi  n.  ... 

s.  i  .  Regulars 

Coast    Rangers 

Rifle  Battalion  

Bin  k's  Squadron 

Palmetto  Batt  iilon... 
Manittault's   Battal'D 

Lam  ir'e  Artillery 

Laurens   Battalion.... 

Boyce's  Company 

tin's  Rifle  Regiment 
Mounted  Regiment... 

Pee  Dee  Leinon 

St.it,'  Cavalry 

4th  Brigade,  8.  0.  W 


Col.   Hamilton.. 

■1     l\"'  shaW 

Col    Williams...., 

i  "I    Sloan 

,  nl.  Jeufcios 

Col.  Winder 

i  ii 

'Col.  Cash    

t'ol.  Blandtng... . 
Col.  Uampton.... 
Capt.  Calhuun.... 
C  ipt,  M  ,u   um... 

Capt.  Boykiu 

Capt.  Shannon... 

■  apt.  I  '"it 

cnl.  Uagood 

(Jnl,  I  lev  ward.  ... 
i  (ol.  Mi  igault... 
Col.  Dunovant.... 

Col.  Edwards 

CoL  Joqes 

Col  DeSaussure.. 

■  ,1 

Col.  Means 

Col.  Stevens  


Col.  Batch 

Lit.  Col.  Moore 

Lt.  Col.  Bla.k 

Major  White 

Vlajoi  Manigau  t . 

C  |it.  Lamar 

M*  jot  .'.lines 

Cap!    Ilnyce 

Col.  Orr 

Col.  Martin 

(Jen.  Harllee 


Gen.  DeSaussure., 


TermofSer 
vice. 


[•'  ,r  C  ,.  W,,i 
12   months.. 


Mixe  i  ... 
Artillery 


Cavalry  . 

Artillery 


Mi-ed. 


l\ 


Cavalry. 


Artillery. 


Mixed... 

Cavalry. 


Tor  the  War. 

12   months.. 
For  the  War. 

12  months.. 
For  the  War. 


12   months.. 
For  the  War 


12   months. 
Limited 


3.C 


Total 


tc 


sen 

841 

1,066 

1,124 

813 

803 

814 

B  ft 

1,100 

s4 

84 

Tn 

63 

110 

850 

TCI 

1  1  (6 

T89 

784 

902 

818 

713 

:':. 

1.1  jo 

1  131 
T50 
430 
362 
240 
2  o 
196 
391 
124 

1.030 
600 
800 
27.'. 

2.407 


Muster'd  in  Couf   Ser. 


Requir'd  byGen.  Ripley. 


ANALYSIS    ANt)    SUMMARY. 

In  Confederate  service 23,280 

In  State  service,  under  Confederate  orders 4,082 

Km-  the  «nr 7,1 11 

For  shorter  periods 20,251 

In  service  in  this  State 1*7,642 

In  service  in  other  States.  .  . 9,720 

Under  the  Act  of  Assembly,  Dec.  7th',  1861,  there  are  in  camp, 
under  instruction,  some  fourteen  companies.  Accepted  and  under 
marching  orders  for  camp,  fifty  companies.  These  sixty-four  com- 
panies are  volunteers  for  twelve  mouths'  Confederate  service. 


48 


Columbia,  April  28, 1862. 
JJ'-n.  James  Cfiesnut,  Jr.,  Chief  of  Military  Department: 

Sir:  I  submit  herewith  Exhibit  A.,  shoving,  as  nearly  as  can  be 
reached  from  the  returns  to  this  office,  the  number  of  troops  from  South 
Carolina  on  the  twentieth  of  February  in  the  fieldv  for  the  war  and  for 
twelve  months,  and  my  estimate  of  those  in  the  field  for  the  same  terms 
at  this  date.  Exhibits  B.,  C.  andl).  show  the  efforts  to  obtain  accurate 
information;  Exhibit  E.,  the  number  of  companies  which  responded  to 
the  call  for  five  thousand  men.  Large  numbers  of  individuals,  volun- 
teers andjrecruits,  responded  to  that  call,  which  is  the  explanation  of 
the  increased  numbers  in  the  second,  third  and  fourth  columns  of  Ex- 
hibit A.  I  am,  sir,  with  much  respect, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
WILMOT  G.  DeSAUSSURE, 
Adjutant  and  Inspector  General. 


Exhibit  A.  to  Adjutant  General's  Report  of  the  2$th  of  April,  1862,  to 
Chief  of  Military  Department. 


Regiments,   Battalions,   Squadrons  and 
Companies. 

■J 

Estimated. 

April  28,  '62. 

War. 

<M       . 

to    m 

eg 

Estimated. 

April  28,  '62. 
12  months. 

S60 

900 
450 
400 
400 
800 
450 
400 
400 
400 
600 
600 
78 
100 
125 
550 
1,000 
1,100 

84] 

1,066 
973 

1,121 
813 
803 
819 
896 
850 

1,100 

1,126 
10,411 

391 

3d        «               "         Williams 

666 

4th       "                "          Sloan 

573 

5th       "                 "           Jenkins 

324 

6th        "                 "           AViiulor 

363 

403 

8th       "                "          Cash  

419 

9th       "               "          Blanding 

490 

1st      "             "         Hagood 

250 

500 

78 

63 

116 

Manigault's  10th  Regiment,  S.  C.  V 

576 

12th  liugimont,  S.  C.  V.,  R.  G.  M.  Dunovant 

7  si) 
764 

13th          "              "          Edwards 

2,670 

8,753 

4,961 

40 


Exhibit  A.  to  Adjutant  General's  Report  of  the  2$th  of  April,  1862,  to 
Chief  Military  Department. —  Continued. 


Regiments,  Battalions,    Squadrons  and 
Companies. 


fe 


-  r 

a  -' 


"* 

w  ^ 


Brought  forward 2,670    8,75! 


14th  Regiment,  S.  C.  V.,  Junes 

15th  "  "  PeSaussure 

]6th  "  "        Elford 

17th  "  "  Means 

18th         "  "        Qadberry 

19th  "  "        Lytbgoe 

20th         "  "        Keitt 

21st  "  "        Graham 

22d  •'  "        Abney 

23d  "  "         Hatch  

24th  "  "         C.  II.  Stevens 

Bolcombe  Legion,  P.  P.  Stevens 

I   i  Regiment  Artillery,  S.  ('.  A.,  Calhoun 

1st        "         Infantry,        "        John   Dunovant, 

Lucas'  Battalion 

Moore's  Battalion 

11th  Regiment,  S.  C.  Y.,  Heyward , 

Orr's  Rbgimi  nt,  Marshall 

Black's  Cavalry.  J     L    Black  

Palmetto  Battalion,  E.   B.  White , 

Manigault's  Battalion,  E.  Manigault 

2d  Regiment  Artillery,  S.  C.  V.,  Lamar 

James'  Battalion,  James 

Boyoe's   ii  tillery,  Boyce 

(Hit's  Artillery,  Coit 

Felder's    Cavalry,   Felder 

Adams'   Cavalry.    A i bins 

Nelson's  Hat  tali' m.    Nelson 

Cavalry  Companies 

Infantry  Companies 

Me  Cord's    Zouaves 

Elliott's    Artillery 

Chiehester's  Artillery 

Cist   Guards 

Beauregard  Light  Tnfantry 

Eutaw   Battalion 

Alston's  Artillery 

Stanley's    Artillery 

McKer all's  Company 

Stafford's  "        

Whitesides'        " 

'■         

Win  smith's        "         

Smith's   Battalion 

T.a  Fayette   Artillery 

Marion   Artillery 

Charleston    Battalion \ 

mi  Artillery 

Dixie  Rangers 

J  ell  .id   Rangers 


902     1,200 

S13i       900 


C.20 

500 

94 

680 


1,000 
800 


»«3 


10,411     4,961 


1.030 
600 
240 
260 
300 


124 
116 


300 


1C0 


Carried  forward. 

7 


8001 
Toll 
150 
800l 
160 
1,201 
700 
451 
500 
800 


160 
116 


350 
850 


100 
80 
80 
90 
100 
250 
80 
80 
75 
75 
75 
75 
75 


713) 
784 
768 
730 

790, 
698: 

786 
750! 


900 
800 
909 
900 
800 
850 
800 


1,102,  1200 


76l|   311 


560   600 


304 
315 


690 
670 


500 
500 


670 


600 

85 

110 

500 

200 

75 

75 


9,341  2 1,914|  21,321. 10,337 


50 

Exhibit  A.  to  Adjutant  GeneraTs  Report  of  the  28th  of  April,  1862, 
to  Chief  of  Military  Department. —  Continued. 


REGisrEXTS,  Battalions,  Sqvadroxs  and 

Co)ii'anii:s. 


Brought  fji.vard... 

Ashley  Dragoons 

Charli  '   Dragoons... 

Rutledge  Riflemen  (mounted). 

Gtarmao   Hussars 

Basley'a   Squadron 

Nelson's  Squadron 


■   ■_ 

-  _ 


■      £ 


5     3 


=  w  o 


- 


&.' 


9,343 


9,349 


21,91  I  21,821 


100 


22,064  21,321 


IS 


16,337 
75 
75 

75 
308 
340 


17,210 


51 

Exhibit  E.  to  Adjutant  General's  Report  of  the  2Sth  of  April,  1862, 
to    Chief  of  the  Military  Department. 

Companies  accepted  under  the    Call  for  Five   Additional  Regiments. 

Twenty-Fourth   Regiment   of  South    Carolina    Volunteers,    C.    H. 
Stevens  Colonel  commanding: 

o 

Captains    Sigwald,   Spears,    Appleby,    Gooding,  Jones, 

Hill,  Pearson,  Thomas,  Hammonds,  Tompkins 800 

Regiment  of  Artillery,  T.  G.  Lamar,  Colonel  companding: 

Captain  Dickson 77 

Company  F go 

"         G ..........ZVZ'.Z."  79 

Second  Regiment  of  Artillciy,  Colonel  Lamar: 

Captain  P.  F.  Warley '   on 

"       J.F.Sanders 7(3 

"       J.  K.  Legare 92 

"       M.  B.  Stanly.... ......!.!."  100 

"       Charles  Alston,  Jr 100 

"       T.  D.  Gwyn ............!..  79 

"       R.  L.  Crawford .'.'Z..'..  76 

"       T.  P.  Whitesides ".'""  7o 

"       W.  J.  McKerall 70 

"       J.  PI.  Stafford 70 

.     Three  companies  of  Moore's  Battalion 260 

2,108 


D. 

Department  of  the  Military. 
Com -.mi-.ia.  S.  C.,  April  28,  1862. 
To  the  Governor  and  Council: 

In  obedience  to  your  directions,  and  in  conformity  with  my  duty,  I 
submit  to  your  consideration  an  abstraot  of  .a  report  made  to  this 
Department  from  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General,  in  relation  to 
the  forces  from  this  State  in  Confederate  service. 

On  the  2d  day  of  February  last,  the  Secretary  of  War  addressed  a 
communication  to  his  Excellency  Governor  Pickens,  stating  that  six 
per  cent,  of  the  entire  white  population  of  this  State — which  is  about 
eighteen  thousand — had  been  determined  upon  as  the  quota  to  be  fur- 
nished by  this  State  for  the  war.  Of  this  number  he  estimated  that 
we  had  then  six  thousand  in  the  field,  which  would  leave  twelve 
thousand  more  t6  be  supplied.  This  remainder  he  expected  to  raise  by 
reenlistments  among  the  twelve  months  regiments  from  the  State  then 
in  service,  and  by  calling  for  five  new  regiments.  At  the  date  of  the 
communication  referred  to,  he  supposed  that  the  State  had  six  thousand 
troops  for  the  war,  and  seventeen  thousand  for  twelve  months.  But  in 
truth,  at  that  time,  the  rolls  in  the  office  of  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector 
General  exhibited  the  fact  that  we  had  on  the  20th  of  February — a  few 
days  after  that  date — 9,849  troops  for  the  war,  and  21,321  for  twelve 
.months.  For  the  purpose  of  meeting  the  requisition  made  on  the  State 
for  its  quota  of  eighteen  thousand  men  for  the  war — including  the  five 
new  regiments  called  for — the  Governor  and  Council  adopted  a  system 
of  conscription.  The  result  of  that  action  has  been  to  accomplish,  in 
less  than  two  months,  more  than  was  required  or  expected.  According 
to  the  data,  information  and  estimates  now  before  us,  we  have  in  the 
field  in  Confederate  service  for  the  war  22,064  men,  and  for  twelve 
months  17,210  men,  making  an  aggregate  from  this  State  of  89/274. 


RECAPITULATION. 

I 

Now  in  the  field  for  the  war 22,0(14 

Quota  of  the  State — under  fall 18,000 

Excess  over  the  quota 4,064 

In  service  for  the  war  at  the  time  of  the  President's  call.  0,340 
In  service  now  for  the  war 22,064 

Increase' since  the  call 1 2 , 7 1  r> 

Total  in  service  at  time  of  the  call 30,670 

Total  now  in  service 30,274 

Total  increase 8,614 

That  the  rapid  increase  of  our  forces  in  the  field  is  attributable  to 
the  resolutions  of  the  6th  of  March  last,  establishing  a  system  of  con- 
scription, I  suppose  no  one  doubts.  1  must  say  that  the  returns  now 
made  are  by  no  means  full,  and  cannot,  therefore,  be  said  to  be  accu- 
rate ;  for,  notwithstanding  the  constant  and  earnest  efforts  of  Adjutant 
and  Inspector  Generals  Gist  and  DeSaussuve  to  procure  information 
from  all  the  regiments,  we  have  not  been  able,  so  far,  to  obtain  from  the 
officers  anything  approaching  to  complete  returns  of  the  new  enlist- 
ments. Our  efforts  to  that  end  are  still  unabated,  and  we  have  now 
reasonable  expectation  that  they  will  be  furnished  in  a  few  days. 
When  these  returns  are  received,  another  and  a  fuller  statement  will 
be  made,  with  as  near  an  approach  to  accuracy  as  possible.  That  state- 
ment, I  have  no  doubt,  will  show  a  much. larger  force  for  the  war  than 
is  here  exhibited. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

JAMES  CHESNUT,  Jr., 
Chief  of  the  Department  of  the  Military  of  South  Carolina. 


54 

E. 

Office  Adjutant  and  Inspector  General, 
Columbia,  August  30,  1862. 
To  Hon.  James  Chesnut,  Jr.,  Chief  of  Military  Department: 

Sir  :  I  have  the  honor  herewith  to  submit,  in  obedience  to  your  order, 
a  report  exhibiting  an  approximate  estimate  of  the  forces  contributed 
by  this  State  to  the  Confederate  service,  with  the  Regiments,  Battalions 
and  Companies  in  which  they  are  now  organized. 

The  list  of  organizations  will,  I  think,  be  found  complete,  and  by 
reference  thereto  it  will  be  seen  that  the  State  has  now  in  service  the 
following  : 

Infantry — Twenty-eight  Regiments,  two  Legions,  eight  Battalions, 
two  Companies. 

Artillery — Two  Regiments,  one  Battalion,  eighteen  Companies. 

Cavalry — Two  Regiments,  five  Battalions,  seven  Companies. 

Total — Thirty-two  Regiments,  two  Legions,  fourteen  Battalions, 
twenty-seven  Companies. 

It  would  be  more  satisfactory  if  this  office  had  the  means  for  furnish- 
ing a  statement  more  in  detail,  particularly  of  the  present  strength  of 
these  organizations,  and  of  the  losses  by  disease  and  other  casualties  of 
the  service.  The  regulations  of  the  Confederate  service  do  not  require 
the  sending  of  rolls  or  stated  reports  of  the  condition  of  the  forces  to 
the  offices  of  the  States  from  which  they  are  respectively  drawn ;  and 
when  troops  are  once  received  into  Confederate  service,  all  official 
knowledge  of  them  by  the  State  ceases. 

By  reason  of  this,  very  great  embarrassment  has  attended  the  efforts 
of  this  office  to  keep  pace  with  the  organization  of  our  forces,  and  to 
procure  reliable  information  as  to  the  number  of  men  actually  drawn 
from  our  population.  The  original  rolls  of  Companies,  on  file,  furnish 
but  little  satisfactory  information,  and  give  no  data  upon  which  to  esti- 
mate the  strength  of  the  Companies.  They  give  but  the  number  with 
which  the  Companies  were  first  organized — in  perhaps  all  cases  the  mini- 
mum of  its  strength — whilst  the  accretions,  by  recruiting  or  otherwise, 
not  being  reported,  are  known  only  as  they  may  be  casually  ascertained. 
During  the  period  from  the  first  of  March  to  the  first  of  July,  under 
the  pressure,  first  of  the  proposed  State  conscription,  and  afterwards  of 
the  Confederate  conscription,  very  large  additions  were  made  to  the 
then  existing  organizations,  by  the  voluntary  going  forward  of  recruits, 
very  few  of  whom  were  reported  to  this  office.     In  some  instances  Com- 


55 

patiies  were  so  increased,  that  from  the  excess  new  Companies  were 
formed,  no  rolls  of  which  have  been  reported  to  this  office.  The  num- 
ber thus  irregularly  added  to  the  service  did  not,  it  is  believed,  fall 
short  of  5,000  men.  Much  confusion,  also,  resulted  from  the  reorgani- 
zation in  Virginia  of  the  original  twelve  months  Regiments  whose  terms 
of  service  expired  in  April  last.  Entire  Companies  and  even  Regi- 
ments were  lost,  and  new  Companies  and  Regiments  formed;  in  most 
instances  retaining  the  former  names,  but  the  Regiments  in  all  instances 
composed  to  a  great  extent  of  new  Company  organizations.  The  orig- 
inal 9th  Regiment  was,  in  this  way,  wholly  lost;  and  the  old  4th  was 
reduced  to,  and  }'ct  remains,  a  mere  Battalion. 

To  remedy  this  want  of  information,  and  to  procure  accurate  descrip- 
tive rolls  of  all  persons  then  in  Confederate    service   from   this  State, 
with  details  of  discharges,  deaths  and   other  losses,  blank  forms  were 
prepared  by  this  office,  in  obedience  to  your  order,  and   in  April  last, 
were  forwarded   to   the  Commandants   of  Regiments,  Battalions    and 
Companies;  and  with  the  view  to  procure  a  prompt  return  of  the  rolls, 
special  agents  were  appointed  to  visit   the  troops  on   the  coast  and  in 
Virginia,  to  impress  on  Commandants,  by  a  personal  appeal,  the  impor- 
tance of  furnishing  the  information  desired.     These  efforts,  I  regret  to 
state,  were  only   partially   successful.     In  some   instances   the  agents 
found  great  reluctance  to  prepare  the  rolls;  in  others  actual  unwilling- 
ness, and  in  a  few  instances  positive  refusals   to  undertake  the  labor. 
Out  of  over  four  hundred   Companies  then   in  service,  only  about  two 
hundred  and  fifty  furnished  the  rolls;  and  of  those  so  furnished,  many 
were  so  hastily  and  imperfectly  prepared  as  to  give  but  little  satisfactory 
information.     So  far,  however,  as  they  were  carefully  and  properly  pre- 
pared, they  furnish  the  only  certainly  reliable  information  to  be  found 
in  this  office  of  the  strength  and  condition  of  the  respective  Companies. 
The  estimates  embodied  in  the  accompanying  report  have  been  made 
up  from  many  sources;  partly  from  the  April  rolls,  above   referred  to; 
partly  from  reports  obtained   from  officers  in   command;   partly  from 
returns  to  the  Confederate  officer  commaudiug  the  Department  of  South 
Carolina  audGeorgia;  partly  from  information  furnished  by  individuals; 
and  in  a  few  instances  from  conjecture.     These  estimates  are  intended 
to  represent  the  highest  number  of  men  who,  from  first  to  last,  have 
belonged  to  the  respective  organizations,  not  including  discharges.     In 
some  instances  they   maybe  found  too   high;  but  generally  they  are 
believed  to  be  below  the  correct  number.     So  far  as  they  are  based  on 
the  April  rolls,  they  represent  the  strength  of  the  organizations  at  the 


56 

time  those  rolls  were  prepared.  Bay  1 1 1  -  *  1st  of  May;  and  Jo  not  include 
the  additions  since  made  to  the  Companies.  And  in  many  cases  where 
we  have  only  been  able  to  ascertain  the  maximum  strength  of  a  Regi- 
ment or  Company,  it  is  obviously  short  as  a  proper  estimate:  for, 
whilst  recruits  are  being  daily  added,  and  losses  by  death  or  otherwise 
are  daily  occurring,  the  maximum  is  not  increased,  when,  in  fact,  a 
continual  draft  is  made  from  the  population  of  the  State.  An  abso- 
lutely correct  estimate  can  only  be  had  by  adding,  to  the  present 
strength  of  Companies,  the  number  of  losses  by  disease  or  other  casual- 
ties of  the  service,  and  of  discharges  by  reason  of  wounds  or  wasted 
health.  If  such  an  estimate  could  be  prepared,  I  am  fully  assured  that 
the  number  of  men  contributed  by  this  State  to  the  public  defence 
would  be  found  to  exceed  forty-five  thousand. 

It  is  much  to  be  regretted,  that  a  very  considerable  number  from 
this  State  have  connected  themselves  with  the  organizations  of  other 
States.  In  the  Districts  adjoining  North^  Carolina,  very  many  were 
induced,  by  the  very  liberal  bounty  there  offered,  to  join  Companies 
organized  in  that  State.  And  in  the  April  reorganization  in  Virginia, 
very  many  exercised  the  option  given  them  by  the  Conscription  Act, 
to  go  into  other  arms  of  service,  and  connected  themselves  with  Com- 
panies of  Artillery  and  Cavalry  from  other  States,  chiefly  Virginia. 
These,  amounting,  it  is  believed,  to  several  hundred,  are  wholly  lost  to 
the  credit  of  the  State. 

In  obedience  to  the  resolutions  of  the  honorable  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil, the  first  corps  of  State  Militia  Reserves,  embracing  all  males  sub- 
ject to  duty  between  the  ages  of  thirty-five  aud  fifty,  have  been 
organized,  with  a  view  to  active  service,  in  the  event  that  the  necessi- 
ties of  the  State  defence  should  require  it.  Of  these  ten  Regiments 
are  already  formed  and  officered,  each  comprising  ten  companies  ;  and 
it  is  conjectured  that  the  Companies  yet  remaining  to  be  organized, 
will  yield  at  least  another  Regiment.  .The  average  strength  of  these 
Regiments  will  be  about  seven  hundred,  making  an  aggregate  in  the 
State  of  near  eight  thousand  effective  men  of  this  corps. 

The  second  corps  of  Reserves,  embracing  all  males  between  the  ages 
of  fifty  and  sixty-five,  all  those  between  sixteen  and  eighteen,  and  all 
exempts,  remain  subject  to  patrol  and  -police  duty  in  their  respective 
Beats,  under  the  command  of  the  officers  of  the  militia,  as  reorganized 
in  January  last,  under  the  Act  of  the  General  Assembly.  In  the 
present  existing  scheme,  this  corps  constitutes  the  regular  militia 
organization  of  the  State.      Its  strength,  there  is  no  present  means  of 


57 

ascertaining-,  as  an  enrollment  has  not  been  thought  of  sufficient  inv 
portance  to  justify  the  labor  and  expense. 
I  have  the  honor,  sir,  to  be, 

Very  truly,  yours, 

C.  D.  MELTON, 

Assistant  Adjutant  and  Insjyector  General. 


APPRO  XfMA  TE  ESTIMA  TE  of  the  strength  of  the  South  Carolina 
Regiments,  Battalions  and  Companies  now  in  Confederate  service. 

I 

Infantry. 

Style  of  Organization.  Commanders.  No.  Men. 

1st  Pteg't  S.  C.  Volunteers,.. Col.  Hamilton, 1,100 

1st  "  «  "         Glover 750 

2d  "  "  "          Kennedy, 850 

3d  "  "  "          Nance, 1,066 

4th  Mattison's  Battalion, Mattison, 400 

5th  Reg'tS.  C.  Volunteers, Jackson, 700 

6th  "  "  "         Bratton, 700 

7th  "  "  "         Aiken, 803 

8th  "  "  "         Henegan, 819 

10th  "  "  "          Manigault, 1,100 

11th  "  »  »         Ellis, 921 

12th  "  "  n      "         Barnes, 1,100 

13th  «  "  "         Edwards, 1,250 

14th  "  »  "         McGowan, 1,144 

15th  "  »  "         DeSaussure, 976 

16th  "  "  «         McCullough, 792 

17th  "  "  "         Means,  852 

18th  «  »  "         Gadberry, 942 

19th  "  "  «         Lythgoe, 827 

20th  «  "  "         Kcitt, 950 

21st  "  "  «         Graham, 848 

22d  "  "  «         Goodlett, 873 

23d  "  "  "         Benbow, 785 


Carried  forward.. 20,548 


58 
Approximatt    Estimate. —  Continued. 

Stvl^  nf  Organization.  OOHUM  Xo.    Men. 

Brought  forward 20,548 

24th  Reg't  S.  C.  Vounteers, Col.  C.  IF.  Stevens 1,020 

25th     "         "             "          Simonton, 900 

IstRifles Marshall, 1,500 

2d     «      Moore, 884 

1st  Reg't  S.  C  A.  (Regulars),...         Dunovant, 700 

Hampton  Legiou, Griffiu, 1,100 

Holconibe  Legion, P.  F.  Stevens, 1,138 

Laurens  Battalion, Lt.  Col.  James, 528 

Smith's  Battalion. Smith, 552 

Manigault's  Battalion, Major  Byrd, 638 

Nelson's             "          Nelson 462 

Charleston         "          Lt.  Col.  Gaillard, 430 

Palmetto  Sharp  Shooters, 1,100 

Battalion     "              "       Major  Smith,.  300 

»            "             "       Abney, 300 

Partisan  Rifles, Capt.    Brooks, 86 

Ordnance  Guard, 100 


32,286 


Artillery. 

1st  Reg't  S.  C.  Artillery, Col.  Calhoun, ft 863 

1st     "         "      Volunteers, Lamar, 1,040 

Palmetto  Batt.  Lt.  Artillery, Lt.  Col.  White, 1,059 

Macbeth  Light  Artillery, Capt.  Boyce, 161 

Beaufort  Artillery, Elliott, 97 

Marion  Artillery, Parker, 100 

Washington  Artillery, Walter, 134 

LaFayctte  Artillery, Kanapaux, 90 

Chesterfield  Artillery, Coit, 130 

Gist  Guard, Chichester, 90 

German  Artillery,  Co.  A,...,....           Werner, 83 

«             "           "    B, Melchers, 72 


Carried  forward 3.919 


59 


Approximate  Estimate. —  Contin ucd. 

Style  of  Organization.  Commanders.  No.  Men1 

Brought  forward 3,919 

Dismounted  Dragoons, Major  Lucas, 169 

Ferguson's  Artillery, Capt.  Ferguson, 92 

Buist, 100 

Alston, 95 

Bonneau, 100 

Ward, 100 

Garden, 100 

Stanley, 98 

Gaillard, '    100 


Palmetto  Guard, 

Alston's  Artillery,... 
Matthews'  Artillery,. 

Ward's  Battery, , 

Garden's  Battery, 

Stanley's  Artillery,.., 
Gaillard's  Artillery,. 


4,873 


Cavalry. 

1st  Regiment  Cavalry, Col.  Black, 789 

1st  Battalion  "       

2d         «  "       

3d         «  «      

4th       «  «      

5th       «  "      


.Major  Morgan 325 

Stokes, 383 

Easley, 320 

Emanuel, 352 

Jeffords, 391 


Colleton  Rangers, Capt.   Campbell,. 


Calhoun  Mounted  Men, , 

St.  Peter's  Guards, 

Howard  Cavalry, 

Charleston  Light  Dragoons... 

Ashley  Dragoons, 

Barnwell  Dragoons, 

Rutledge  Mounted  Riflemen,. 

Savannah  River  Guard, 

II ey ward's  Cavalry, 

German  II  uzzars, 

Rebel  Trcop, 

Santee  Rangers,  Co.  A., 

Santee  Rangers,  Co.  B, 


85 

Martin, 75 

Smart, 88 

Howard, 80 

Rutledge, 95 

Gr.  C.  Heyward, 100 

Lawton, 110 

Trenholm, 90 

Johnson, 96 

D.  B.  Heyward, 110 

Cordes, 80 

Jeukins, 95 

Pinckney, 90 

Whildcn, 90 


Carried  forward 3,844 


GO 
Approx  vmaU  Est  im  ate.  —  OoH  t  in  ued. 

Style  of  Organization.  Commanders.  No.  Men- 

Brought  forward 3,844 

Boykin  Hangers, Capt.  Boykiu, 80 

Kirkwood  Rangers, Doby, 00 

Partisan  Hangers, Col.  Aikeu, 700 


4,714 


Of  the  above  companies,  ten  have  recently  been  formed  into  a  regi- 
ment, under  Col.  Colcock,  being  the  2d  Regiment  of  Cavalry. 

Aggregate. 

Infantry, 32,286 

Artillery, 4,873 

Cavalry, 4,714—41,873 

To  which  add  Conscripts  recently  sent  forward,  say....  1,100 

42,973 


61 
F. 

Condensed  view  of  (he  Cash  Transactions  of  the  Quartermaster  Gen- 
eral's Bureau  for  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  from  the  frst  of 
January,  1862,  to  the  thirtieth  of  June,  1862. 

Dr. 

To  balance  from  1861 821,413  05 

Cash  from  treasury  1st  qr.,  1862 8143,355  00 

"            "              2d        "        7,500  00—150,855  00 

"    clothing  acct.  1st         «         35,972  35 

«  "  2d        «         62,915  01 98,887  36 

"    camp  equipage,  1st         "         45  80 

«  «  2d         «         294  12 339  92 

"    public  property  sold,  such  as  horses, 

mules,  wagons,  &c,  1st  quarter..  2,436  00 

"  do.  do.       2d     «         ..  590  72 3,026  72 

$274,522  05 

Cr.  * 

By  disburses  on  clothing  acct.,  1st  qr.  1862, 8126,472  13 

«  »                 2d  "  11,861  35-8138,333  48 

"  camp  equipage,  1st  "  52,740  48 

»  "                 2d  "             8,611  63 61,352  11 

"  transportation,     1st  "  7,562  61 

»  "                 2d  "              3,489  25 11,051  86 

"  horses  and  mules,  1st  "  400  00 

"  «                 2d  "               6,742  50 7,142  50 

»  forage,                 1st  "  2,356  89 

»  »                     2d  "                 659  00 3,015  89 

"  storage  and  rent,  1st  "  256  00 

"  "             2d  "                 916  50 1,172  50 

"  incidental             1st  "  3,218  62 

"  "                 2d  "             3,482  75 6,701  37 

"  stationery,             1st  "  103   12 

"  "                  2d  "                103  71 206  83 

"  wood,                   1st  "  45  50 

"  "                     2d  "                905  25 950  75 

"  commutation,       1st  "  75  00 

«  "                  2d  "              3,845  00-^ 3,920  00 

"  to  Capt.  Motte  Pringle,  Q'rmaster  4th  Br'de,.         5,855  00 

"  Balance  to  nest  acct.,  34,819  76 

*271.522  05 


62 


G. 

Comparaiii ,  view  of  Salaries  paid  to  the  Quartermaster  General  and 
his  Assistants,  compiled  /rum  Exhibits  <->/  file  in  tin's  Department, 
and  condensed  into  Quarterly  Statements,  from  the  fust  of  July, 
1861.  to  tin  thirtieth  of  June,  1862. 

Salaries  paid  during  the  quarter  euding  30th  Sept.,  1861,  83,651  40 

«                   "             «           31st  Dec.,     "  3,126  40 

"                    "               "            31st  March,  1862,  2,411  40 

"                     "               «            30th  June,       "  1,575  00 


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04 


Quantity  of  Clothing  furnished  to  each  no7i-commissioned  officer,  must- 
cian  mi'/  private  of  the  Confederate  States  Army,  for  each  year  of 
the  three  years'  service,  showing  the  cost  of  ca<ii  article,  cost  per  year, 
mill  cost  over  allowance  of  the  $50  commutation  money  allowed,  ac- 
cording to  the  price  of  clothing  and  materials,  July,  1802. 


ARTICLES. 


-1.2:. 

Cap  Covers,  •■<  75c 

•      

Trowsers,  (g  |6 

Flannel  shirts.  fg)$2... 

1'lanuel  Drawers, 



Pairs  Stockings,  @50c... 
Leather  SI 

Great  Ci  at,  "  J15 

Blanket,  @$4. 


Deduct  Commutation 


Loss 

Loss  per  1.000  m°n. 


ft  t 


COST. 


$2  no 

75 

24  (10 

Is    (III 

6  00 
fi  25 

l'.i  mi 

2  00 

50 

15  00 
4  00 


97  00 
50  00 


47  00 


S47.000  00 ' 


COST. 


$1  25 

7."' 

12  00 

v:  mi 

a  im 

lit  OH 

2  00 


56  50 
50  0 


51 


$6,500  00 


(dST. 


*  i 


111  I  .-,11 

50  (10 


10  f  01. 


for  the 

three 


(5  oo 
2  2fi 

4s  mi 
42  00 
18  00 
12  25 
67  (in 

6  00 

50 

15  00 

8  00 


214  00 

150  00 


04  00 


.-■in.." .-114.000  00 


Remarks. 


Per  Man. 


Upon   the  supposition  of  20,000  men  in  the  service,  the  loss  will 
be: 

First  year $940,000  00 

Second  year 130,000  00 

Third  year 210,000  00 


Whole  loss  for  the' three  years §1,280,000  00 


Note. — It  will  be  seen  that  the  prices  affixed  to  the  articles  in  the  above  table  are  far  below  the 
ruling  prices  at  this  date,  1st  September,  1862. 


65 

J. 

Condensed  View  of  the  Cash  Transactions  of  the  Commissary  General's 
Bureau  for  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  from  the  first  of  January, 
1862,  to  the  thirtieth  of  June,  1862. 

Dr. 

To  Balance  from  1861, 815,266  15 

Cash  from  Treasury,  1st  quarter,  1862,.... $37 ,000  00 

"  "        2d      "  «      ....  60,000  00—97,000  00 

from  sales  to  Confederate  Government 

1st  quarter,  1862, 25,944  66 

from  sales  to  Confederate  Government 

2d  quarter,  1862, 10,079  57—36,024  23 

from  sales  to  other  parties,  1st  quarter, 

1862, 2,022  90 

from  sales  to  other  parties,  2d  quarter, 

1862, 130  60 2,153  50 

from  proceeds  of  Salt  seized  at  Che- 
raw  by  order  of  Gov.  Pickens,....  2,508  56 


$152,952  44 


July  1st,  to  balance  brought  down,...  $20,256  21 

Cr. 

By  Purchases  of  cattle  to  cure  into  salt  beef,  $14,188  89 
"          "   bacon,  rice,  &c,  1st  quarter,$46, 291  51 
«          «       «        «      «    2d       "        54,562  77—100,854  28 
Disbursements  for  collecting  rice  from  exposed 
regions,  freights  to  the  interior,  and  inci- 
dental expenses,  1st  quarter, 7,515  23 

Disbursements  for  collecting  rice  from  exposed 
regions,  freights  to  the  interior,  and  inci- 
dental expenses,  2d  quarter, 10,137  83 — 17,653  06 

Balance  carried  to  next  account,  20,256  21 

$152,952  44 


no 
K. 

Inventory  of  Stores  on  hand  in  (he  Commissary  General's  Bureau,  on 
the  first  of  Jul//,  1862,  and  the  cost  value  thereof 

6,800  lbs.  Salt  Pork,  @  20  e, $1,360  00 

25,805    "    Bacon,  @  32  c, 8,257  60 

3,251    «    Hams,  @33Jc., 1,083  66 

152,641    "    Salt  Beef,  (a)  lie, 16,790  51 

5,505    "    Dried  Beef,  @  18  c. , 990  90 

10,000    <l    Soup  Cakes,  @  6c, 600  00 

1,437  bbls.  Flour,  @  $11, 15,807  00 

604  lbs.  Hard  Bread,  @  12  c, 72  48 

1,915,003  "    Rice,  @  3  c, 57,450  09 

21,169  "    Sugar,  @  13  c, 2,75197 

785  sacks  Salt,  @  $12, 9,420  00 

1,657  gallons  Molasses,  @§1, 1,657  00 

Small  stores,  not  enumerated,  say, 1,000  00 

Total  cost  value $117,241  21 

Market  value  on  the  first  of  July,  about $250,000  00 

The  bacon  and  beef  cured  by  Robert  Adger,  Esq.,  in  Anderson, 
amounting  to  between  two  and  three  hundred  thousand  pounds,  is  not 
included  in  the  above  inventory,  as  the  accounts  are  not  yet  closed. 


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68 
M. 


Condensed  view  of  tlie  Cash  Transactions  of  the.  Paymaster  General's 
Bureau  for  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  from  the  frst  of  January, 
1862,  to  the  thirtieth  of  June,  1862. 


Dr. 


§788  89 


To  balance  from  1861, 

Receipts  from  Treasury  1st  quarter,  1862,  S40,000  00 

«  "  2d  «  17,000  00—57,000  00 


857,788  89 


July  1st,  balance  brougbt  down,. 


Cr. 

By  payments  to  Regulars  made  1st  qr.  1862, 

u  u        it     2d         "      .. 

"  Volunteers "     1st        "      ., 

ci  u         u      2d        " 

Balance  carried  to  next  account,... 


93,383  66 


1,628  86 

9,064  94—10,693  80 
34,952  34 

8,759  09—43,711  43 
3,383  66 


857,788  89 


69 

N. 

Condensed  Vieio  of  the  Cash  Transactions  in  the  Engineer's  Bureau 
for  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  from  the  first  of  January,  1862, 
to  the  thirtieth  of  June,  1862. 

Dr. 

To  Cash  from  Treasury  for  Pee  Dee  obstructions, 4,590  76 

Less  this  amount  returned  to  Treasury, 166  76 

$4,424  00 

To  Cash  from  Treasury  for  Reconnoissance  Santee  Eiver,....        97  90 

"  "  Survey  Mountain  passes, 936  43 

$5,458  33 

Cr. 

By  expenditures  for  Pee  Dee  obstructions, 4,424  00 

"                 Reconnoissance  Santee  River, 97  90 

"                 Survey  Mountain  passes, 936  43 

$5,458  33 


70 


0. 


Condensed  TaLvhr  View  of  the  principal  operations  of  the  Ordnance 
Bureau  for  the  State  of  South  Cure/inn,  from  December,  1860,  to 
August,  1862. 


ARMS  AND  AMMUNITION. 


Muskets 

lifles 

Pistols 

Sabres  

Swords 

Percussion  Caps 

Caonoo  Pap* 

Musket  Cartridges 

Kifle  Cartridges 

Powder  (pounds) 

Heavy  Ordnance 

Field' ArtilKry 

Artillery   Carriages 

Projectiles  i  prepared) 

Projectiles  (uprepared)...., 

Grape  ai:d  Canister  (pound ■••). 

Lead 

Musket  Hulls  (round) 

Musket  Hulls  (conical) 

Musket  Balls  f pounds) 

Rouble-Barreled  Guns 


Dec  1860,  to  Dec.  1861. 


a  . 
-  i 

cp 
■a 

Si  a 
a  '" 
o 


703|     »4»850 

.704 

271  

BTO  

771  

I  1,315,7751 

■  70 

110      '.■] 

000    531,147 
4oo    417,560 


3,115 

2,271 

1,779 

534 

008,526 


103 

fifi 
78 

174 
230 

r.oo 


+4 

89 

16,249 

31,441 

61,548 


+44.147 

373.897 

100 

52 

145 

16.308 

26.902 

252.132 


January  1.  1862.  to  Aug.  30, 1862. 


2  5 


£2,582 


98 

1".: 

160,530 

125,000 

864,053 

13' 

18 

22 

8,116 

10,769 

3,000 


6,198 

116,738 

2.224 
348 

194.521), 

04.-, 

486,713 

211,322 

10,130 

9 

:l 
27 
3.865 
3.791 
880 
:.7.770 
50.000 
35,000 

""220 


4.921 
2.476 
671 
1,730 
8 
63,000 

46,630 

25.224 

36.887 

20 

31 

3} 

660 

4,084 

1,816 


199 


9 

< 

-  - 

.3 


2,869 
4,851 

i:.s 
502 
577 

668,770 

11,446 

601,613 

311,098 

2 

18 

^8 

6.330 

10.170 

38,480 

21,137 

50.000 

35.000 

5.5(10 

21 


*  Purchased  by  order'of  Governor  Gist. 

t  One  3V.<  inch  Rifle  Gun  presented  by  C.  K.  Prioleau.  of  Liverpool;  two  V4  inch  Rifle  Qnns 
presented  by  Messrs.  Fraser  &  Co. :  one  3},<  Inch  wrought  iron  Rifle  Gun  presented  by  P.  C.  J. 

\\  ■•Stun. 

X  Condemned.  Irreparable,  452. 
J  4,843  pounds  old  and  damaged. 
■     i  2.535  Enfield,  new,  purchased  in  Europe. 


71 
P. 

Receipts  and  Expenditures  of  the  Ordnance  Department  of  the  State 
of  South  Carolina,  from  the  first  of  January,  1861,  to  the  twenty- 
fifth  of  January,  1862. 

Receipts. 

From  the  Treasurer  of  the  Lower  Division  for  appropria- 
tion of  the  Legislature, §150,000  00 

"     Hon.  E.  Frost,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 120,000  00 

"    Hon.  W.  G.  DeSaussure,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury..  226,000  00 
"     Col.  E.   Manigault,  ain't  of  his  and  clerk's  salary, 
which  was  paid  out  of  the  General  Fund,  and  after 

collected  from  Treasurer  of  Lower  Division, 3,250  00 

«    Sales  of  coal  taken  from  U.  S., 2,398  00- 


$501,648  00 
Expenditures. 

On  Cannon  acct.,  purchased, 5,039  38 

Artil'ery  acct.,  carriages,  implements,  &c,   71,067  38 

Ammunition  acct., 145,258  22 

Artillery  projectiles,  shell,  shot,  &c, 105,865  11 

Ordnance  tools, 1,589  03 

Small  arms, 53,580  38 

Equipments  for  infantry  and  cavalry  comp's,  99,831  97 

General  expenses  of  Department, 19,376  93 

501,608  40 

Balance  of  cash  on  hand,  25th  January,  1862, 839  60 

Special  Fund. 
1861. 
Jan'y  9.  Donation  by  Mr.  Plowdeu  C  J.  Weston,  for  pur- 
chase of  "arms  of  precision," $5,000  00 

Less  paid  for  one  wrought  iron  rifle  six-pounder  gun 
in  hands  of  Major  E.  Manigault,  for  use  of  his 

battalion, 800  00 

1862.  

Aug.  1.   Balance  in  hands  of  Ordnance  Officer, $4,200  00 


72 

Q. 

Condensed  View  of  (he  Cash  Transactions  of  the  Ordnance  Bureau 
for  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  from  (he  twenty-sixth  of  January, 
1862,  to  the  thirtieth  of  June,  1862. 

Dr. 

To  Balance  from  1861, §39  60 

Cash  from  Treasury,  1st  quarter,  1862,... 866, 726  00 
«        "        "         2d        «        "      ...  39,556  00—106,282  00 

"     from  sales  of  damaged  Powder, 160  00 

"       "  «         Acids,  &c, 150  50 310  50 

u     refunded'  on   Shells  purchased  from 

Glaze  the  eighth  of  April,  1861,  not 

passing  the  inspection  ordered  by 

Chief  of  the  Military  Department,..  1,500  00 

"     donation  from  the  Marion  Fire  Engine 

Company,  Charleston, 44  44 

"     from  W.  J.  Laval,  Treasurer  Lower 

Division,  to  pay  salary  of  Ordnance 

Officer,  1861, 1,000  00 

§109,176  54 

July  1st,  1862,  to  balance  from  June, 2,399  94 

Cr. 
By  Artillery  and  Carriage  acct.,  1st  qr.,  '62,    §7,733  63 

»        "        "            "    2d  "  16,438  13— §24,171  76 

Projectiles                        "     1st  "  4,798  59 

"                               «     2d  "            2,457  30 7,255  89 

Small  Arms                      «     1st  "  4,754  55 

«                               «     2d  "            4,460  70 9,215  25 

Equipment                        "     1st  "  29,992  35 

«                               "     2d  "            8,866  65 38,859  00 

Ammunition                     "     1st  "  10,893  79 

«                               "     2d  "          10,396  07 21,289  86 

General  Expense               «     1st  «  2,459  21 

«        "                      "    2d  "            3,525  63 5,984  84 

Balance  to  next  account 2,399  94 

§109,176  54 


73 
R. 

Issues  of  Ordnance  and  Ordnance  Stores  to  Confederate   Government 
from  January  1,  1862,  to  July  1,  1862. 


12-pounder  guns,  smooth  bore 4 

12-pounder  guns,  rifled 3 

Carriages 7 

Ammunition  chests 8 

1 8-pound er  guns 2 

24-pounder  guns,  rifled 3 

8-inch  Columbiads 1 

32-pouuder  guns 1 

42-pounder  guns 1 

S-inch  sea-coast  howitzers 1 

8-inch  siege  "  4 

Sling  Carte \ 

12-pounder  shot,  rifled N..    198 

12-pounder  shell,  rifled 36 

12-pounder  canister ]27 

8-inch  sea-coast  howitzer  canister 38 

18-pounder  shot 25 

18-pounder  canister 25 

24-pounder  shot,  rifled 264 

9-inch  solid  shot 200 

9-inch  shell 400 

6-pounder  spherical  case 275 

12-pounder  howitzer  spherical  case 125 

12-pounder  shell 150 

8-inch  shells  260 

10 -in ch  shells 200 

Cartridge  Bags,  9-inch  gun 115 

12-pounder  shot 123 

Friction  tubes 2  500 

Roman  fuses 250 

10 


s. 

Issues  of  Field  Guns  and  Carriages  to  State  Artillery  in  Confederate 
service,  from  January  1  to  July  1,  186^. 

4-pounder  guns G 

6-poun der  guns 20 

12-pounder  Howitzers 2 

Enfield  rifle  guns 3 

Ammunition  chests 10 

Gun-carriages 31 

Caissons 19 


75 


Statement  of  Artillery  Projectiles  issued  to  the  Confederate  Government, 
from  January  1  to  July  1,  1862. 

6-pounder  shot,  fixed 70 

6-pounder  spherical  case,  fixed ; 285 

6-pounder  canister*,  fixed 20   „ 

12-pounder  howitzer  spherical  case,  fixed 135 

12- pounder  howitzer  shell,  fixed 150 

9-inch  solid  shot 200 

9-inch  shell 400 

8-inch  howitzer  canister 38 

Spherical  case  shot,  unfixed 50 

24-pouuder  rifle  shot  and  shell 144 

8-inch  mortar  shells 269 

10-inch  mortar  shells 200 


u. 

V 

Abstract  of  izsurs  of  Small  Arms  to  Troops  from  South  Carolina,  sent 
into  tin  service  of  the  Confederate  Government,  from  first  January, 
1802,  to  first  July,  1862. 

Rifles,  Enfield 819 

"       State '. 141 

«      per  0'54,' 1,246 

Total  Rifles 2,206 

Muskets,  Percussion 2,321 

"  "       model  1842 955 

"         altered  to  Percussion 1,201 

"         Cadet 40 

"         Minie  254 

Total  Muskets 4,771 

Carbines 170 

Cavalry  Pistols,  Percussion 322 

"  "       Flintand  Steel 332 

Colt's  Navy  Revolvers 9 

Total  Pistols 663 

Sabres,  Cavalry 1,714 

Swords,  Officers' 8 

Equipments,  Infantry 6,165 

"  Cavalry 934 

Double  Barreled  Guns 123 

Bayonets 5,795 

"       Sabre 1,083 

Cartridges,  Musket 34,690 

"  Rifle 6,800 

"  Revolver 834 

Percussion  Caps 13,574 

Articles  of  minor  importance  not  enumerated  on  the  above  abstract. 


77 
V. 

Statement  of  Powder  issued  from  first  January,  1862,  w  first  July,  1862. 

■ — 'M 

ISSUES  TO  THE  CONFEDERATE  GOVERNMENT. 

Cannon,  pounds  of 7,435 

Musket,       "        "  300 

Rifle,  "        «  .-. 16,400 

Blasting,      "        " 325 

Total,  pounds  of 24,460 

ISSUES  FOR  FIELD  AND  SMALL-ARM  AMMUNITION. 

Cannon,  poun ds  of 2,602 

Musket,       "      "  4,530 

Rifle,           "      «  5,025 

Blasting,      "      "  270 

Total,  pounds  of 12,427 

POWDER  ON  HAND  FIRST  JULY,  1862. 

Cannon,  pounds  of 7,371 

Musket,       "        "  8,570 

Rifle,  "        « 11,350 

Blasting,      "        "  900 

Mealed         "        "  1,262 

Pickens  District,  pounds  of 3,000 

Old,  mixed  and  damaged,  pounds  of 4,843 

Total,  pounds  of 37,296 


78 


w. 


Condena'ff  view  of  the  Cash  Transactions  of  the  Saltpetre  Plantation 
for  the  State  of  South  Carolina  from,  tenth  April  to  first  Sepl&ruber, 
1862. 


1862.  Dr.- 

April,  To  Cash  from  Treasury, 84,304  58 

July,     »       «       "         "  3,700  52 

August,         "       «         "  1,483  00 


89,488  10 


Cr. 

Sept.  1st,  By  Disbursement,  Building  Account, ...$3,316  29 

"             "  Horses  and  Mules  Account  2,522  00 

«             "  Forage                        "  276  45 

"             «  Harness  and  Tools      "  483  78 

«             «  Wagon  and  Cart         "  415  00 

«             «  Materials                     "  584  95 

«            "  Labor                          "  625  54 

«             »  Weekly  Allowance     "  501  58 

«             M  Salary                          "  375  00 


9,100  59 


Balance  on  hand  the  first  of  September,  1862, 8387  51 


79 


X. 


ABSTRACT  OF  DISBURSEMENTS 

By  the  Department  op  the  Military  of  South  Carolina  from 
January  27,  1862,  to  August  14,  1862. 

Payments  in  pursuance  of  Ordinances  of  the  Convention,  Acts  and 
Resolutions  of  the  Legislature,  and  by  order  of  his  Excellency  Gov- 
ernor Pickens,  jyrior  to  the  organization  of  the  Executive  Council. 

Payments  to  Quartermaster  General §169,047  56 

"             Ccfimissary  General 37,000  00 

"             Paymaster  General 66,058  39 

"       for  Hospitals 15,482  50 

"              Ordnance  purposes 63,326  00 

"             Repairing  arms 6,516  92 

•"             Arsenal  purposes ,  3,200  00 

"             Recruiting  service , 17,000  00 

"             Railroad  bridge  guards 5,083  91 

"             A.  L.  Deariog  (Military  service) 190  00 

"             Traveling  expenses  (Agents) 85  65 

"             Arresting  soldiers 45  75 

"             Salary  of  Clerk 233  33 

"              Gunboat  commission 300,000  00 


Deduct: 


,270  01 


Balance  in  Quartermaster's  hands $83,390  53 

Balance  in  Surgeon  General^  hands 1,236  88 — 84,627  41 


Total  disbursements,  as  above 8603,642  60 


80 
Payments  in  pursuance  of  orders  hy  the  Executive  Council. 

Payments  to  Quartermaster  General 7,500  00 

"            Commissary  General 60,000  00 

«           Paymaster  General 4,941  61 

"      for  Pi cconnoi stances » 1,034  33 

«            Obatructione,  Pee  Dee 4,424  00 

"            Ordnance  purposes 60,215  81 

"            Exchange  for  arma  and  drugs 79,561  04 

"            Freight  on         "                 "  11,194  14 

"           Old  arms 5,077  97 

«            75  new  Enfield  rifles 3,000  00 

"           Freight  on  old  armB 122  65 

"            Lead,  saltpetre  and  sulphur 2,481  52 

"           Socks 72  90 

«            Enrolling  Militia 83  10 

"            Saltpetre  plantation 9,488  10 

"            Traveling  expenses,  (Agents) 65  75 

"             House  and -lot  in  Columbia* 4,500  00 

§253,462  92 
Deduct: 

Balance  in  Commissary's  hands 820,256  21 

«  Paymaster's       "      3,383  66 

"  Ordnance  officers 5,242  06—28,881  93 


Total  disbursements  by  order  of  Executive  Council... §224, 5S0  99 

Recapitulation. 

Total  disbursements  under  Ordinances  of  the  Convention, 
Acts  and  Resolutions  of  the  Legislature,  and  by 
order  of  Governor  Pickens,  prior  to  the  organization 
of  the  Executive  Council $603,642  60 

Total  disbursements  under  the  engagements  of  the  Execu- 
tive Council 224,580  99 


Total  $828,223  59 


1 A  large  brick  building,  used  for  Commissary's  store-house. 


REPORT 

OF  THE  SUB-COMMITTEE  ON  THE  EEPORT  OF  THE  CHIEF 
OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  JUSTICE  AND  POLICE. 


The  subcommittee,  to  whom  was  referred  the  report  made  by  the 
Chief  of  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police  to  the  Governor  and 
Executive  Council,  beg  leave  to  report,  that  they  have  carefully  read 
and  considered  the  whole  report  aforementioned,  and  recommend  that 
printed  copies  of  it  be  widely  circulated. 

Upon  the  question  whether  auy  limitation  can  be  imposed  upon  the 
power  of  a  Convention  of  the  People,  assembled  under  our  State  Consti- 
tution by  the  Act  of  the  Legislature  which  calls  it  together,  the  sub- 
committee forbear  the  expression  of  any  opiuion.  Into  this  question 
it  is  needless  now  to  enter,  for  it  seems  plain  to  your  sub-committee 
that  every  Act  of  this  Convention,  and  of  those  who  have  icted  under 
its  authority,  which  is  mentioned  in  the  report  under  consideration,  is 
embraced  within  the  scope  of  the  Act  of  the  Legislature,  which  provided 
for  the  election  of  delegates  to  this  Convention.  The  arguments  con- 
tained in  the  report,  especially  those  in  Parti.,  sustaining  this  construc- 
tion of  the  Act  and  the  competency  of  the  Convention,  the  Council, 
and  the  several  heads  of  Departments,  to  do  the  acts  done  by  them  res- 
pectively, and  examined  in  the  said  report,  command  the  approval  of 
your  sub-committee. 

In  reference  to  one  or  two  of  the  acts  of  the  Governor  and  Council, 
or  of  the  Chief  of  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police,  doubts  as  to 
their  expediency,  affecting  rather  form  than  substance,  might  be  sug- 
gested;  but  of  expediency  under  the  circumstances  which  attended 
the  acts,  the  report  under  consideration,  without  the  journal  and  papers 
of  the  Council,  and  without  any  explanations  from  those  who  acted, 
does  not  enable  your  sub-committee  fairly  to  judge.  As  to  the  compe- 
tency of  the  authority  for  every  act  done,  the  majority  of  your  sub- 
committee entertain  no  doubt. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

D.  L.  WARDLAW,  Chairman, 
J.  P.  CARROLL. 
Mr.  John  Phillips  dissents. 
11 


REPORT 

OF   THE 

CHIEF    OF    THE   DEPARTMENT 

OF 

JUSTICE  AND  POLICE, 

TO    THE 

GOVERNOR  AND  EXECUTIVE  C0M1L. 


PART  I. 

ON  THE   POWERS   OF   THE   CONVENTION. 


To  His  Excellency,  Governor  Pickens, 

Presiding  over  the  Executive  Council  of  South  Carolina  : 

Sir  :  In  compliance  with  your  requirement,  that  I  should  report  to 
the  Goveroor  and  Council  the  proceedings  of  the  Department  of  Jus- 
tice and  Police,  I  respectfully  report  that,  though  the  acts  of  my 
Department  proper,  as  well  as  the  matters  which  have  from  time  to 
time  been  assigned  to  me,  have  in  almost  every  instance,  been  the  sub- 
ject of  previous  consultation  in  the  Council,  and  therefore  I  have  but 
little  of  information  to  communicate,  I  acknowledge  the  propriety  of 
the  call.  It  is  right  that  these  proceedings  should  be  formally  spread 
upon  the  record. 

The  "Rules"  established  for  my  Department,  adopted  on  the  seven- 
teenth January,  prescribed  it  as  my  first  duty  "  to  construe  the  Ordi- 
nances of  the  several  sessions  of  the  Convention,  and  all  Acts  of  the 
General  Assembly,  in  relation  to  the  duties  and  powers  of  the  Execu- 
tive Authority  of  the  State."  This,  of  course,  makes  me  peculiarly 
responsible  for  the  competency  of  "the  Governor  and  Council,  acting 
together,"  under  the  Ordinance  of  the  Convention,  to  perform  such 
acts  as  have  been  undertaken  ;  for  I  have  in  no  case  entered  a  formal 
protest  against  any  proceeding. 

It  is  proper,  then,  that  I  should  preface  my  report  with  some  expo- 
sition of  the  principles  on  which  I  have  construed  the  powers  conferred 
upon  the  Executive  Authority,  to  be  exercised  by  the  Governor  and 
Executive  Council,  "acting  conjointly." 

First,  then,  as  to 

THE  POWERS  OF    THE  CONVENTION. 

Did  this  CONVENTION  have  power,  for  certain  purposes,  and 
during  certain  exigencies,  to  create  a  new  form  of  Executive  Author- 


86 

ITY  for  the  State,  and  tu  confer  on  Bach  Authority  nnr  jwiccrs,  not 
hitherto  vested  in  that  Department?  1  answer  to  this,  unquestionably, 
yes. 

In  the  States  i.  iiool  of  1832  and  '34    it   was  (with   but   one 

protuioi  nt  exception  the  received  opinion  that  a  CONVENTION,  called 
in  South  Carolina,  under  the  provisions  of  the  Constitution,  was,  for 
every  political  and  legal  purpose,  the  People.  It  was  considered  as-  a 
means,  provided  by  the  Constitution  itself,  for  invoking  the  action  <>/ 
tin  ultimate  Sovereignty  of  the  State.  This  Sovereignty,  admit- 
ted to  be  in  the  People  iu  their  "  aggregate  and  politic  capacity,"  can 
only  be  exercised,  practically,  through  a  Convention,  and  a  Convention 
became  thus  to  be,  theoretically,  considered  as  the  People  themselves. 
Hence  the  form  of  ordaining  their  decrees  adopted  by  the  Conventions 
of  1832,  of  1852  and  18G0,  to  wit :  «  WE,  the  PEOPLE  of  South 
Carolina,  in  Convention  assembled,  do  ordain  and  declare.*' 

I  am  aware  that  in  1834,  in  the  celebrated  legal  argument  on  the 
Oath  of  Allegiance,  although  the  advocates  of  the  States  Rights  School 
all  maintained  this  doctrine,  yet  Judge  Harper  gave  the  weight  of 
his  high  authority  to  a  view  somewhat  different.  lie  maintained  that 
a  Convention,  thovyh  sovereign,  absolute  and  illimitable,  for  every  pur- 
pose within  the  rangt  <>/  objects  for  which  they  were  assembled,  was, 
beyond  these  purposes,  neither  the  people,  nor  did  it  represent  the 
people.  A  great  majority  of  States  Rights  men,  held,  however,  the 
opinion  expressed  in  one  of  the  reports  of  the  day,  which  I  myself 
had  the  honor  to  submit,  an  extract  from  which  I  will  now  iusert 
(at  an  interval  of  twenty-eight  years),  as  containing  my  present  opinion. 
""When  this  profound  jurist  (Judge  Harper)  says  that  a  Convention 
is  limited  by  the  purposes  for  which  it  was  called,  we  admit  that  mor- 
ally, it  is  so  limited,  and  that  a  delegate  who  but  proposes  a  measure 
for  a  purpose  not  contemplated  by  the  people  when  he  was  elected,  is 
guilty  of  moral  treason.  But  when  Judge  Harper  assumes  that  the 
Judiciary,  or  any  other  constituted  authority,  has  a  right  to  inquire 
whether  a  measure  adopted  iu  Convention  was  or  was  not  adopted  in 
conformity  with  the  intentions  of  the  people,  he  ascribes  to  the 
Judiciary  a  right  which  we  cannot  admit  that  they  possess.  Is  it  not 
obvious  that  this  gives  the  judges  a  practical  control  over  a  Convention 
of  the  people  ?  As  in  the  case  before  us"  (the  Oath  of  Allegiance) 
"  two  judges  decide  that  the  people  did  not  intend  what  the  Conven- 
tion believed,  the  Legislature  believed,  and  what  a  great  majority  of 
the  people  themselves  still  believe,  they  did  intend — and   the  will  of 


87 

the  people  is  set  at  naught,  and  an  Act  of  the  Convention  effectually 
nullified." 

Judge  Harper  happily  defines  Sovereignty  to  be  "that  power  which 
"controlling  all  other  constituted  authorities,  is  itself  not  subject  to 
"the  control  of  any."  He  considers  Sovereignty  "  as  abiding  in  the 
''people  of  South  Carolina." 

He  says,  again,  that  this  "is  not  that  imaginary  Sovereignty  of  the 
"  people  which  has  been  supposed  to  exist  even  in  a  despotic  mon- 
"  archy." 

"'The  Constitution,'  continues  he,  'has  provided  in  what  manner 
"the  people  shall  be  appealed  to,  viz:  in  a  Convention  called  by  two- 
"  thirds  of  both  branches  of  the  Legislature.'  Again,  they  (the  people 
"in  Convention)  '  may  abrogate  any  Act  of  the  Government,  and  all 
u constituted  authorities  are  bound  to  respect  and  obey  their  detcrmiua- 
"tion.'  'They'  (the  people  in  Convention)  'are  responsible  to  opinion, 
"they  are  bound  by  good  faith,  they  may  be  resisted  by  force,  or  sub- 
"dued  by  superior  power,  but  their  acts  are  not  subject  to  the  legal 
"  control  of  any  constituted  authority.'  '  This  we  conceive  to  be 
sound  Republican  doctrine.  But  how  the  learned  judge  can  reconcile 
with  this  the  right  which  he  ascribes  to  the  Judiciary,  to  decide 
whether  a  power  exercised  by  this  Convention  has  or  has  not  been 
delegated  by  the  people,  we  cannot  perceive.  We  defy  any  one  to 
point  out  a  tittle  of  distinction,  practical  or  in  principle,  between  the 
control  which  Judge  Harper  would  thus  give  to  the  Judiciary  over  a 
Convention,  and  that  which  it  is  admitted  they  have  over  the  ordinary 
Legislature.  They  have  no  right,  in  regard  to  the  Legislature,  to  do 
more  than  decide  whether  or  not  that  body  keeps  within  the  pale  of  its 
authority — whether  a  power  exercised  by  them  has  or  has  not  been 
delegated  to  them  by  the  people — and  it  is  this,  precisely,  which  Judge 
Harper  claims  for  them  in  regard  to  a  Convention.  The  people  appear 
in  their  sovereign  capacity,  only  as  assembled  in  Convention — when  so 
assembled,  they  are  sovereign  for  every  purpose,  or,  practically,  they 
can  be  so  for  none.  Grant  to  the  Judiciary  the  right  to  question  their 
acts,  and  you  give  them  the  power  to  limit  and  control.  In  construc- 
tion of  laic,  a  Convention  is  the  People,  and  its  every  act,  as  far  as 
the  judges  have  any  concern  with  it,  the  Act  of  the  People." 

"To  subject  the  acknowledged  will  of  a  Convention  to  the  control  of 
any  other  authority,  is  to  deprive  the  people  altogether  of  the  means  of 
expressing  a  Sovereign  purpose,  that  is,  a  purpose  which  cannot,  by 
any  form  of  law,  be  disputed." 


S8 

The  report  proceeds  further,  as  follows  : 

u  Sovereignty  can  correctly  be  predicated  only  of  that  power  in  the 
State  which,  possessing  an  ultimate  control  over  all  other  constituted 
authorities,  is  itself  subject  to  the  control  of  none. 

"  Allegiance  is  due  only  to  the  Sovereign  power,  and  is  that  para- 
mount political,  obligation  which  binds  the  individual  in  a  State  to 
acknowledge  and  preserve  unimpaired  its  Sovereignty. 

"It  is  clearly  distinguishable  from  the  duty  of  obedience  to  delegated 
authority.  It  is,  indeed,  the  source  from  which  emanates  the  obligation 
of  obedience  to  any  other  constituted  authority  than  the  Sovereign. 

"Sovereignty  delegates  a  portion  of  its  power;  Allegiance  renders 
obedience  to  that  power  a  duty. 

"Sovereignty,  from  its  de6uition;  is  necessarily  single  and  indivisible, 
and  Allegiance  must  be  equally  so. 

"In  South  Carolina,  entire,  unimpaired  Sovereignty  bides  in  the 
people  of  the  State,  and  a  citizen  of  South  Carolina  owes  entire  and 
unimpaired  Allegiance  to  the  people  of  South  Carolina,  so  long  as  he 
continues  a  citizen  thereof.  They,  and  they  alone,  have  imposed  upon 
him  the  duty  of  obedience  to  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States. 
They  can  release  him  from  the  duty.  They  can  transfer  the  duty.  It 
exists  by  their  fiat,  and  they  alone  are  its  fit  interpreters." 

"Thus  far,"  says  the  report,  "we  speak  the  recorded  opinions  of 
South  Carolina  herself.  Is  the  principle  less  fixed  that  a  Convention 
of  the' People  is  not  subject  to  the  legal  control  of  any  constituted 
authority  ?" 

Such,  it  was  understood,  were,  in  that  day,  the  doctrines  of  Calhoun 
and  McDuffie,  of  Hayne,  Turnbull  and  Hamilton,  of  Colcock,  Earle, 
Butler,  Elmore,  Player;  of  all,  indeed,  of  the  States  Rights  School.  I 
mention  the  dead  only,  the  living  may  speak  for  themselves.  Indeed, 
State  Rights,  State  Remedies,  State  Sovereignty,  Allegiance  to  the 
State,  would  all  be  unmeaning  phrases  but  for  the  acknowledged 
supremacy  of  a  Convention  of  the  People.  It  is  the  corner-stone  of  the 
edifice. 

But  whether  the  view  contained  in  the  "Report"  or  that  of  Judge 
Harper  be  true,  is  immaterial  in  the  present  inquiry.  A  Convention, 
according  to  both  theories,  is  SOVEREIGN,  and,  therefore,  above  all 
constituted  authorities,  WHEN  ACTING  WITHIN    THE  SPHERE  INDICATED 

by  the  Legislature  in  the  Act  which  assembles  them. 

What,  then,  were  the  purposes  for  which  the  Convention  was  called 
together  by  the  Legislature,  to  assemble  on  the  seventeenth  day  of 


89 

December,  1860?  And  does  the  creation  of  the  Executive  Council 
come  within  the  scope  of  those  purposes? 

First,  what  were  the  circumstances  of  the  call?  The  telegraph  had 
announced  the  election  of  Lincoln,  and  the  Legislature  determined  at 
once  to  invoke  the  highest  power  known  to  our  institutions — a  Conven- 
tion of  the  People  of  the  State.  Not  asr  subordinate  ministerial  agent, 
to  enroll  the  decrees  of  the  Legislature,  but  "for  the  purpose  of  taking 
into  consideration  the  danger*  incident  to  the  position  of  the  State  in  the 
Federal  Union  established  by  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and 
the  measures  which  may  be  necessary  and  proper  for  providing  against 
the  same,  and  thereupon  to  take  care  that  the  Commonwealth  of  South 
Carolina  shall  suffer  no  detriment."  A  disruption  of  the  tie*  which 
had  hitherto  bound  us  to  our  sister  States  was  one  thing  contemplated. 
But  the  ultimate  decision  was  left  to  the  Convention,  as  the  Sovereign 
Authority.  It  was,  then,  within  the  purposes  of  this  Convention  to 
abrogate  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States.  South  Carolina,  for  a 
time,  at  least,  might  stand  alone,  and  it  must  have  been  within  the  pur- 
poses of  the  Convention  to  modify  the  Stale  Constitution.  A  new 
alliance  was  contemplated  with  other  States,  and  it  was  within  the  pur- 
poses of  the  Convention  to  ratify  a  Provisional  and  Permanent  Consti- 
tution of  the  new  Confederacy. 

These  high  powers  have  not  been  questioned,  yet  they  are  but  infer- 
ences from  the  general  powers.  A  WAR  was  certainly  within  the  con- 
templation of  some.  Although  secession  was  claimed  as  a  right,  not 
conflicting  with  any  obligation  uuder  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States,  and,  therefore,  not  revolutionary,  it  was  apprehended  that  our 
claim  to  self-government  might,  like  that  of  our  forefathers  of  j. 776, 
have  -to  be  vindicated  by  the  sword,  and  that,  practically,  provision 
must  be  made  for  the  conduct  of  a  Revolution  of  blood.  The  Leg- 
islature declare,  accordingly,  that  the  Convention  shall  consider  our 
"DANGERS" — all  the  "dangers"  growing  out  of  our  position,  in- 
cluding, I  presume,  the  dangers  of  the  WAR,  which  might  be  the  con- 
sequence of  secession,  and  "the  measures  necessary  and  proper  for 
providing  against  the  same."  Have  the  apprehended  "dangers" 
ceased  ?  Are  there  uo  further  "  measures  necessary  and  proper  for  pro- 
viding against  the  same"?  The  Ordinance  of  the  Convention  for 
"  strengthening  the  Executive  Department  during  the  exigencies  of 
the  present  War,"  was  manifestly  intended  as  a  "  measure"  FOR  Tins 
very  purpose.  But,  as  if  to  make  assurance  doubly  sure,  the  Legis- 
lature declare,  further,  that  the  Convention  shall  "  thereupon  take 
12 


00 

car  ethat  the  Commonxcealth  of  South  Carolina  shall  suffer  no  detri- 
ment." 

Now,  conceding  that  the  terms  of  the  call  of  the  Convention  consti- 
tute the  only  "limitation"  on  the  powers  of  a  CONVENTION,  as  held 
by  Judge  Hakim  ;k,  can  human  language  be  contrived  suggesting  broader 
and  more  absolute  powers  than  the  above  ?  And,  "  thereupon  to  talce 
care  that  the  Commonwealth  of  South  Carolina  shall  suffer  no  detriment  " 
Is  this  the  language  of  LIMITATION  of  power?  It  is  applied  to  a 
body  representing  the  Sovereignty  of  the  State — a  body  in  all  respects 
similar  to  that  which  gave  being  to  our  State  Constitution — a  body  by 
whose  fiat  our  Legislature,  our  Governor,  and  our  Judiciary,  have  their 
cxistenre.  Is  it  not  in  effect  a  declaration,  in  terms,  that  the  Conven- 
tion to  be  called  should  have  NO  limitation  on  its  powers? 

It  has  been  said  that  the  "dangers"  apprehended  were  in  the  Union, 
and  the  measures  were  only  such  as  should  provide  against  these.  This 
is  special  pleading.  The  "  dangers"  were  such  as  were  incident  to 
the  "position  of  the  State,"  then,  of  course,  "  in  the  Union,"  but 
which  the  Convention  was  specially  intended  to  take  out  of  the  Union, 
and  the  "measures"  were  meant  to  provide  against  the  "dangers" 
which  might  grow  out  of  that  position.  Surely,  the  dangers  which 
ensued  have  not  yet  ceased. 

It  is  contended  that  secession  was  the  measure  adopted,  and  that  this 
relieved  us  from  all  dangers  "  in  the  Union." 

But  the  Convention  is  enjoined  "  thereupon  "  (that  is,  after  secession) 
"  to  take  care  that  the  Commonwealth  of  South  Carolina  shall  suffer  no 
detriment."  Detriment  from  what?  I  answer,  the  "measures" 
taken  j  which  were,  Secession  and  the  formation  of  the  Southern  Con- 
federacy. "Thereupon"  war  was  made,  and  war  still  continues. 
Does  war  work  no  "  detriment  ?  "  If  it  does,  then  it  is  the  duty  of 
the  Convention  to  shield,  as  far  as  may  be,  the  Commonwealth  of  South 
Carolina  from  such  detriment. 

The  question  as  to  the  extent  of  the  powers  of  the  Convention  of 
1832  had  beon  the  subject  of  controversy.  Dr.  Cooper,  in  his  compila- 
tion of  the  Statutes,  had  pronounced  it  still  "  an  open  question,"  as  to 
that  Convention  ;  and  the  Legislature,  as  if  to  provide  against  any 
possibility  of  cavil  on  this  occasion,  so  solemn  and  momentous,  chose, 
in  declaring  the  purposes  of  the  present  Convention,  to  translate  the 
Latin  phrase  by  which  the  Senate  of  Home  had  for  Centuries 
conveyed  DICTATORIAL  POWER  on  her  Consuls.     "  Darent 

OPERAM  CONSULES,  NE  QUID  RESPUBLICA  DETRIMENTI  CAPERET,"  Was 


91 

the  language  of  the  famous  decree  which  conferred  on  Cicero  and  his 
compeer,  for  the  suppression  of  Cataline's  conspiracy,  the  power  known 
as  "  Ultimum,"  or  u  Exlremun."  A  power  which,  Sallust  tells  us 
"often"  "it  had  been  the  custom"  to  confer,  "  in  atroci  negotio," 
"  in  a,  dangerous  emergency,"  as  the  translator  has  it.  The  translator 
says,  "  by  it"  (this  decree)  "  the  Republic  was  said  to  be  entrusted 
to  the  Consuls." 

The  phrase,  originally  selected  for  its  aptness  in  conveying  absolute 
and  illimitable  power,  had  become  fixed  in  its  interpretation,  by  its  long 
use  by  the  greatest  nation  of  antiquity;  and  in  this  language,  with  its 
construction  thus  established  throughout  the  civilized  world,  the  Leg- 
islature thought  proper  to  express  the  extent  of  the  purposes  to  which 
the  Convention  were  invited  to  address  themselves. 

Unless  the  Legislature  said  one  thing,  while  they  meant  another, 
they  committed  to  this  august  body,  during  the  exigencies  of  the  time, 
the  fortunes  of  the  Republic;  with  power  to  act  directly  or  through 
ageucies — with  the  power  to  make  and  unmake  Constitutions,  provisional 
or  permanent;  and  to  create  governments,  general  or  partial — tempo- 
rary, or  until  a  new  Convention  shall  order  otherwise.  In  addition  to 
the  force  of  the  language  used,  the  fact  that  the  Act,  as  first  introduced, 
should  have  fixed  two  years  as  the  period  of  duration  for  the  Conven- 
tion, indicates  that  something  more  than  the  Act  of  Secession  and  the 
adoption  of  Constitutions  was  intended.  No  one  proposed  a  shorter  dura- 
tion thau  two  years  ;  and  this  time,  it  was  thought,  might  not  give  all 
the  latitude  which  was  requisite,  and  it  was  stricken  out. 

Surely,  u  two  years"  was  a  longer  period  than  would  have"  been  sug- 
gested if  the  only  business  contemplated  had  been  the  Act  of  Secession 
and  the  adoption  of  a  new  Constitution.  In  my  judgment,  the  dura- 
tion was  intended  to  be  commensurate  with  the  necessities  of  the  occa- 
sion which  called  them  together,  whatever  that  period  might  be.  Our 
independence  achieved  and  acknowledged,  and  ptace  restored,  the  Con- 
vention will  then,  but  not  until  then,  be  functus  officio.  To  protract  its 
existence  beyond  this  period,  would  be  that  breach  of  "good  frith" 
which  would  justify  that  resort  to  "  force,"  which  is  the  only  remedy 
for  usurpation  in  the  Sovereign.  On  the  other  hand,  the  Convention, 
in  my  opinion,  would  be  derelict  to  their  duty  if  they  abandon  the 
helm  until  the  ship  is  safely  in  port. 

Such  was  the  call  under  which  the  voters  of  the  State  elected  the 
members  of  the  Convention. 

However  the  fact  may  since  have  passed  from  the  memories  of  some, 


02 

the  people,  at  ilmt  time,  realised  that  the  body  about  to  be  assembled 
would  be  charged  with  duties  more  grave,  critical  and  responsible  than 
any  which  had  ever  hitherto  devolved  upon  any  constituted  authority 
in  this  State.     The   circumstances   under  which  the  Convention  was 

assembled — the  terms  of  the  Act  under  which  the  call  was  made — the 
received  opinions  of  the  majority  of  the  people  of  the  State  as  to  the 
extent  of  the  powers  ujherent  in  such  a  body,  were  sufficient  to  apprize 
the  most  dull  that  suffrage  was  being  exercised  on  the  most  important 
occasion  of  their  lives. 

Accordingly,  the  people  called  forth  their  wisest  and  best  men. 
There  was  no  constitutional  disqualification  for  a  seat  in  the  Convention — 
no  abridgment  of  the  people's  unbiassed  choice.  Judges,  Chancel- 
lors, public  officers  of  all  kinds,  clergymen,  all  were  eligible.  The 
result  was  that  the  Convention,  in  the  aggregate,  has  never  been  sur- 
passed, in  this  or  any  other  country,  for  intelligence,  patriotism  and 
moral  worth. 

Most  of  the  members  were  either  men  drawn  from  voluntary  retire- 
ment, or  tho°e  whose  career  and  position  in  life  were  so  far  determined 
that  the  ordinary  temptations  of  ambition  were  absent.  A  less  self- 
seeking  and  more  earnest  body  of  citizeus  never  assembled. 

Such  was  the  Convention,  in  theory  and  in  fact,  which  passed  the 
Ordinance  under  consideration. 

There  are  two  other  errors  in  regard  to  limitations  on  Conventions, 
which  need  notice,  though  they  would  seem  to  destroy  each  other.  It 
is  contended  by  some  that  a  Convention  can  neither  legislate  or  perform 
any  administrative  act;  and  to  sustain  this  view  it  is  claimed  that  it 
has  been  the  practice  of  Conventions  to  abstain  from  both.  This  is  one 
position.  Those  who  take  this  position  deny  that  the  Convention  can 
appropriate  money  or  draw  from  the  Treasury.  This  is  all  gratuitous 
assumption  in  point  of  principle,  and  erroneous  in  point  of  fact.  Was 
it  an  act  of  usurpation,  when  the  Convention,  at  its  first  session,  ordered 
three  regiments  to  be  raised — two  of  regulars,  by  enlistment,  and  one 
of  \ olunteers,  commanded  by  Col.  Gregg?  Still  more  palpable,  then, 
was  the  usurpation  when  they  appropriated  three  hundred  thousand 
dollars  for  building  a  gunboat.  The  usurpation  of  the  Convention 
began,  according  to  this  theory,  as  soon  as  the  Act  of  Secession  was 
ratified,  has  continued  ever  since,  and  has  not  been  confined  to  those 
who  favored  the  creation  of  the  Executive  Council.  It  is,  in  general, 
on  grounds  of  expediency,  wise  that  Conventions  should  abstain  from 
all  ordinary  legislation,  or  exercise  of  ordinary  executive  power,  where 


93 

the  Legislature  and  Governor  can  be  at  once  called  into  action.  But 
so  far  is  it  from  being  true  that  Conventions  have  on  principle  with- 
held from  all  action  of  this  kind,  that  I  venture  the  assertion  that  the 
Conventions  throughout  the  now-Confederate  States  all  more  or  less 
took,  for  a  time,  a  share  of  the  management  of  affairs  into  their  own 
hands. 

Certainly,  the  Convention  of  Alabama,  the  proceedings  of  which  I 
have  before  me,  passed,  immediately  after  an  Ordinance  of  Secession, 
one  "for  the  Military  Defence  of  the  State,"  another  to  "reorganize 
the  Militm,"  with  very  many  others  "f  like  character.  The  power 
which  can  create  Governors  and  Legislatures  may,  in  emergencies,  per- 
form the  functions  of  either. 

The  other  most  extraordinary  position,  in  direct  conflict  with  the 
last,  is  the  application  of  the  law  maxim  to  a  Convention — non potest 
delegatus  dUegare — that  is,  that  a  Convention,  exercising  itself  dele- 
gated authority,  cannot  delegate  to  others.  The  first  position  assumes 
that  all  government  must  be  exercised  through  delegated  authority,  and 
the  second,  that  it  can  only  be  exercised  directly,  and  cannot  be  law- 
fully exercised  by  delegated  authority. 

The  ordinary  and  most  appropriate^  sphere  in  which  a  Convention 
■usually  arts,  except  in  " atroci  negotio" — dangerous  emergencies — is  in 
the  creation  of  governments,  limited  by  constitutions  prescribed  by  the 
Convention — that  is,  in  delegating  portions  of  their  own  powers;  but  a 
Convention  may,  in  its  discretion,  proceed  to  exercise  itself  any  power 
which  it  has  authority  to  delegate. 

Again:  the  assumption  that  to  give  validity  to  any  actjon  of  a  Con- 
vention intended  to  alter  or  suspend  any  part  of  the  Constitution  of  the 
State,  the  ordinance  must  express  that  a  repeal,  alteration  or  amend- 
ment is  intended,  is  gratuitous,  and  without  reason.  Where,  I  wou'd 
ask,  is  any  such  principle  laid  dowu  ? 

Like  the  Legislature,  the  Convention  may  repeal  or  alter,  by 
implication.  The  last  act  of  either  body  is  that  to  be  looked  to  as  the 
exposition  of  its  will,  and  as  constituting  the  law,  and  everything  con- 
flicting is  necessarily  repealed,  suspended  or  modified  into  accordance 
with  the  will  last  expressed.  In  point  of  fact,  it  was  well  understood 
by  the  Convention  that  this  Ordinance  was  a  suspension,  for  the  time 
being,  of  some  of  the  provisions  of  the  Constitution,  and  it  was  so  in- 
U  nded.  I  am  not  aware  that,  within  the  Convention,  there  was  any 
one  who  questioned  the  power  of  that  body  to  pass  the  Ordinance. 

I  hold,  then,  that  the  Convention  had  the  right,  during  the  exigen- 


94 

cies  of  the  war,  to  add  to  the  powers  of  the  Executive  by  giving  con- 
trol of  some  matters  which,  under  the  Constitution,  are  committed  to 
the  Legislature,  and  to  make  the  Executive,  for  some  purposes,  consist 
of  five  persons  instead  of  one.  In  other  words  I  hold  that  the  Ordi- 
nandi-: creating  the  Council  emanates  from  an  authority  as  high  and 
competent  as  that  creating  the  Constitution,  and  that  being  the 
LATEST  expression  of  the  vill  of  this  Sovereign  Body,  it  is,  during  its 
existence,  paramount  to  tin    Constitution. 

If  this  be  so,  we  are  to  look  to  the  Ordinance  alone  as  the  charter  of 
our  rights  and  powers. 

The  views  upon   the  construction   of  the  Ordinance   I  will  submit 
to-morrow,  as  part  second  of  my  report. 

Respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

I.  W.  HAJTtfE. 


PART  II. 

ON  THE  POWERS  OF  THE  GOVERNOR  AND  EXECUTIVE. 

COUNCIL. 


To  Ilis  Excellency  Governor  Pickens, 

%       Presiding  over  the  Executive  Council  of  South  Carolina  : 

I  propose  now  to  proceed  to  consider 

TIIE   POWERS    OF   THE    GOVERNOR   AND    EXECUTIVE   COUNCIL,    ACTING 
TOGETHER,    UNDER   THE    ORDINANCE   OF   THE   CONVENTION. 

First,  take  the  title  :  It  is  an  Ordiuance  "for  strengthening  the  Ex- 
ecutive* Department  daring  the  exigencies  of  the  present  war." 

The  powers  of  the  Executive  are  increased,  which  could  hardly  be 
without  taking  from  some  other  Department,  and  these  new  powers 
have  reference  to  the  exigencies  of  the  war. 

The  powers  conferred  on  the  Governor  and  Executive  Council,  "act- 
ing together,"  are?  first,  to  declare  martial  law,  when,  and  where,  and 
with  such  limitation,  as  the  Governor  and  Council  might  think  the 
exigency  of  public  af$rirs  required.  This  power,  like  Aaron's  rod, 
might  have  been  made  to  swallow  all  the  rest.  Martial  law  is  despotism. 
It  substitutes  the  will  of  the  ruler  for  all  other  law,  to  the  extent  that 
martial  law  is  declared.  Martial  law  declared  over  the  whole  ^State, 
and  its  extent  (that  is,  the  subjects  over  which  it  should  take  control) 
defined,  every  power  afterwards  specified  in  the  Ordinance  might  have 
been  exercised.  This  great  first  power  having  been  clearly  conferred, 
has  been  to  me  a  guide  in  determining  the  general  intention  of  the 
Convention,  and  thereby  construing  all  that  follows.  There  is  a  power 
to  arrest  and  detain  disloyal  and  disaffected  persons,  whose  being  at 
large  is  deemed  dangerous  to  the  public  safety;  and  to  order  and  enforce 
such  disposition  and  appropriation  of  private  property  for  public  uses  as 
the  public  good  requires.  There  is  the  power  to  make  and  cause  to  be 
executed  all  orders,  regulations  and  arrangements,  as  they  shall  from  time 


96 

to  time  find  expedient,  in  regard  to  the  military,  and  for  maintaining 
such  efficient  police  as  shall  by  them  be  thought  necessary.  The  power 
to  appoint  agents,  to  draw  money  from  the  treasury,  to  make  nominations 
and  appointments  to  military  office,  such  as  the  Governor  had  hitherto 
done;  to  rill  accidental  vacancies  in  civil  appointments  until  the  Legis- 
lature meets — these  powers,  except  filling  accidental  vacancies  in  office, 
all  relate  to  the  "  exigencies  of  the  present  war}"  and  except  the  ap- 
pointments to  military  offices,  are  new  powers,  not  before  possessed  by 
the  Executive;  and,  in  express  terms,  are  to  END  with  the  dose  of  the 
war,  and  disbirmlmrnt  of Hue  troops.  (See  Appendix,  A)  During  the 
war,  and  for  purposes  counected  with  its  prosecution,  they  are  very 
large. 

Among  the  first  measures  in  assertion  of  the  extraordinary  powers 
conferred,  was  the  proposition  contemplating  the  srir.an  of  sd  re  r  plate 
for  the  use  of  the  State,  introduced  by  your  Excellency.  The  power,' 
it  appeared  to  me,  to  act  on  this  subject  was  clearly  delegated  under 
the  right  "to  order  and  enforce  (subject  to  the  owner's  right  to  receive 
due  compensation  from  the  State)  such  disposition  of  private  pr.operty, 
or  appropriation  thereof  for  public  uses  as  the  public  good  shall  appear 
to  them  to  require."  The  Council  never  felt  committed  on  the  policy 
of  acting  finally  on  the  matter,  but  voted  merely  for  measures  to  ascer- 
tain the  amount,  reserving  the  right  to  act  according  to  circumstances 
hereafter. 

The  resolution,  introduced  likewise  by 'your  Excellency,  for  forcing 
forward  the  manufacture  of  salt,  was  authorized  under  the  power  to 
make  "  regulations  and  arrangements  "  for  the  support  of  such  portion 
of  the  population  as  might  be  called  into  service.  Salt  was  an  article 
of  prime  uecessity,  and  there  was  danger  that  it  could  not  be  procured 
at  all  when  wanted,  unless  something  was  done,  as  your  resolution 
expressed  it,  (t  to  force  forward  "  the  manufacture.  Under  the  same 
power,  I  have  supposed  that  the  Governor  and  Council  were  authorized 
to  purchase,  and  distribute  at  cost,  among  the  families  of  troops  in 
service,  cotton  cards,  and  to  sell  at  cost  such  surplus  salt  as  might  be 
found  in  the  commissary  department. 

Your  Excellency  introduced,  on  the  same  day,  various  resolutions, 
these  two  being  a  part-of  the  series.  The  remainder  of  the  scries  were 
referred,  and  some  of  them,  in  a  modified  form,  were  afterwards  adopted.  . 
None  of  them  were  objected  to  as  being  beyond  (lie  competency  if  the 
Governor  and  Council,  though  they  propose,  I  think,  the  largest  powers 
which  we  have  ever  been  called  on  to  exercise. 


07 

I  insert  a  copy  of  the  resolutions,  although  not  adopted,  as  illustrat- 
ing the  views  entertained  as  to  the  extent  of  our  aiithority. 

"Resolved,  That  the  one-half  of  every  beat  company  in  the  State,  to 
be  determined  by  lot  in  each  company,  be  ordered  immediately  to  Camp 
Lightwood  Knot,  near  Columbia,  and  there  to  be  organized  into  compa- 
nies, battalions  and  regiments.  All  officers  to  be  appointed  by  this 
Council. 

"Resolved,  That  one  thousand  tents  be  ordered  for  this  encampment 
of  a  reserved  State  force,  and  that  to  aid  in  carrying  out  this  organiza- 
tion, the  Chief  of  the  War  Department  be  authorized,  in  conjunction 
with  the  Adjutant  General,  to  order  into  immediate  service  all  the 
extra  aids  recently  appointed  in  every  District,  to  reorganize  and  take  a 
census  of  the  militia  of  the  State. 

"Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  War  Department  be  authorized  to 
appoint  immediately  two  competent  persons  to  take  charge  of  the  two 
powder  mills  in  the  upper  pai^  of  this  State,  and  to  take  for  the  State 
all  powder  they  may  have  on  baud,  together  with  all  material,  at 
proper  valuation,  and  that  any  additional  force  be  employed  to  put  both 
mills  in  full  operation  for  the  State;  and  that  all  material- suited  for 
making  powder  that  can  be  procured,  be  immediately  obtained,  in  such 
manner  as  the  Chief  of  the  Military  Department  may  direct. 

"  Resolved,  That  two  competent  persons  be  immediately  appointed  to 
control  the  Iron  Works  iu  York  and  Spartanburg,  if  necessary,  and  to 
use  all  their  resources,  with  any  additional  labor  required,  to  cast  fifty 
cannon,  twenty  of  which  shall  be  twelve  and  six-pounders,  suited  for 
field  service;  ten  twenty-four-pounders,  ten  thirty-two-pounders,  and 
ten  forty-two-pounders,  and  to  have  them  mounted  and  ready  for  ser- 
vice as  soon  as  possible. 

f*  Resolved,  That  all  gunsmiths  and  artizans  in  brass  and  iron  be  col- 
lected, and  employed  in  such  foundries  and  workshops  as  may  be 
designated,  for  making  and  repairing  all  small  arms  that  can  be  made; 
and  to  execute  the  above  resolutions,  the  Chief  of  the  War  Department, 
in  consultation  with  the  Adjutant  General,  is  authorized  to  employ  and 
use  such  agents  as  he  may  think  proper. 

"Resolved,  That  one-half  of  all  the  cattle  belonging  to  every  person 
in  the  State  shaft  be  immediately  taken,  at  a  fair  valuation,  for  the 
State,  and  receipts  for  the  same  be  given,  obligating  the  State  for  the 
amount,  to  draw  six  per  cent,  interest  sixty  days  after   date,  and  that 

13 


08 

such  as  arc  riot  fit  or  needed  now  to  be  killed,  the  owner  of  the  same 
shall  keep  and  fatten  up,  for  proper  compensation,  until  needed. 

u  Resoloed,  That  one-half  of  all  the  flour  now  in  the  State,  and  one- 
half  of  all  the  wheat,  be  immediately  taken,  on  proper  valuation,  for 
the  State,  and  receipts  tor  the  same  given,  as  in  the  above  resolution, 
and  that  the  Chief  of  Justice  and  Police  be  authorized  to  carry  out 
these  resolutions,  in  such  manner  as  he  may  think  best  for  the  State. 

■•  Resolved,  That  all  the  troops  now  in  the  State,  in  actual  Con- 
federate service,  for  twelve  months,  be  immediately  called  on  to  reenlist 
for  the  war,  but  not  to  be  moved  out  of  the  State  except  by  orders  from 
this  Council — this  condition  to  be  of  force  at  the  end  of  their  present 
term  of  enlistment,  and  that  the  Chief  of  the  Military,  in  conjunction 
with  the  Adjutant  General,  be  authorized  to  carry  this  out,  in  such 
manner  as  he  may  think  best  for  the  State. 

"Resolved,  That  our  Senators  and  Representatives  in  Congress  be 
requested  to  urge  immediately  the  adoption  of  measures  necessary  to 
establish  a  great  Reserve  Camp  at  or  near.  Atlanta,  Georgia,  of  at  least 
one  hundred  thousand  men,  each  State  to  furnish  its  proper  quota,  and 
all  officers  to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  with  the  consent  of  the 
Senate."  •;'.:  •  -■•-.;■    ... 

These  resolutions  contained  tha  first  proposition  to  bring  a  portion  of 
the  population  of  the  State  into  service  by  compulsion,  and  for  assuming 
on  our  part  the  appointment  of  officers,  both  Field  and  Company. 

The  right  to  do  this  I  never  doubted,  under  the  power  "to  make  and 
cause  to  be  executed  all  such  orders,  regulations  and  arrangements  as 
they  (the  Governor  and  Council)  shall  from  time  to  time  find  expedient 
for  bringing  into  service,  organizing  and  supporting  the  whole  or  any 
part  of  the  population  of  the  State,  to  be  employed  in  the  public  ser- 
vice." This  grant  of  power,  I  think,  was  intended  to  give  to  the 
Council  full  control  over  the  organization  of  any  forces  to  be  raised. 
But  if  there  could  be  a  doubt  on  this  point,  there  is  another  Ordinance, 
passed  by  the  same  Convention,  styled  "  An  Ordinance  in  relation  to  a 
portion  of  the  Militia,"  which  is  too  explicit  for  controversy.  It 
declares,  in  section  first :  "  That  no  part  of  the  Militia  law  shall  stand 
in  the  way  of  the  Governor  and  Council  to  organize  and  call  into  service 
any  portion  of  the  Militia  of  the  State,  as  may  seem  most  expedient." 
From  the  same  source  I  derive  the  authority  of  the  Governor  and 
Council  to  make  all  the  orders,  regulations  and  arrangements  in  regard 


99 

to  the  military,  which  were  afterwards  adopted,  whether  iu  contraven- 
tion or  not  of  Acts  of  the  Legislature. 

Next  in  point  of  time  came  the  regulations  in  regard  to  the  distilla- 
tion and  sale  of  spirits. 

Your  Excellency  must  remember  the  representations  from  the  upper 
country  as  to  the  overwhelming  evil  which  was  to  follow  the  unpar- 
alleled investments  made,  and  about  to  be  made,  in  the  business  of  dis- 
tillation. The  high  price  of  whisky  had  induced  such  numbers  to  seek 
this  new  road  to  wealth,  that  a  famine,  it  was  thought,  threatened  the 
whole  State.  Money  has  been  called  the  "sinews  of  war,"  but  with  us 
breadstuff*  are  preeminently  so.  I  thought  the  evil  came  within  the 
scope  of  our  powers.  By  declaring  martial  law  iu  regard  to  this  par- 
ticular subject-matter,  it  could  certainly  have  been  reached.  But  being 
unwilling  to  startle  the  community  by  an  unnecessary  declaration  of 
martial  law  in  prohibition  of  distillation  from  grain,  I  recommended  the 
exercise  of  the  power,  as  an  incident  to  the  power  ''to  make  and  cause 
to  be  executed  all  such  orders,  regulations  and  arrangements,  as  they 
shall  from  time  to  time  find  expedient,  for  bringing  into  service,  organ- 
ising and  supporting  the  whole,  or  any  portion  of  the  population  of  the 
State  to  be  employed  in  the  public  service,  and  also  for  maintaining 
such  efficient  police  as  shall  by  them  be  thought  necessary."  Your 
Excellency,  with,  I  think,  every  member  of  the  body,  yielded  ready 
acquiescence,  and  I  was  instructed  to  draw  the  resolutions.  I  looked 
to  the  end  proposed,  and  considered  that  the  accustomed  agencies  would 
best  effect  the  object,  and  offered  the  resolution  that  it  should  be  de- 
clared "a  misdemeanor"  to  distill  grain,  and  the  distillery  should  be 
deemed  "a  nuisance,"  subject  to  abatement.  This  "  regulation"  and 
"arrangement"  was  thought  the  most  expedient,  and  was  accordingly 
adopted,  and  made  an  "order,"  by,  I  think,  a  unanimous  vote.  Our 
right  to  make  a  regulation- iu  prohibition  <.f  distillation  is  too  clear  for 
controversy.  If  there  is  error,  it  can  only  be  in  the  manner  of  enforce- 
ment, which  is  less  prompt  and  summary  than  is  usual  in  Executive 
orders.  Thus  far,  however,  it  has  worked  well.  So,  again,  as  to  the 
sale  of  spirits  under  circumstances  to  affect  our  troops.  The  evil  had 
become  so  great,  that  there  seemed  to  be  a  universal  outcry — murders, 
brawls,  fatal  accidents  among  our  troops,  particularly  while  passing  on 
the  railroads,  had  become  of  frequent  occurrence.  The  scenes  exhibited 
were  shocking  to  decency.  The  disposition  to  interfere  was  unanimous 
with  the  Council,  and  your  Excellency  warmly  approved.  I  believed 
we  had  the  power  in  this;  as  in  the  case  of  distillation,  and  proposed 


100 

similar  resolutions  in  regard  to  sales  of  liquor  within  reach  of  our  troops 
on  the  line  of  railroads.  In  aid  of  these  efforts,  railroad  companies 
were  appealed  to,  to  refuse  the  transportation  of  spirits,  and  they 
promptly  responded.  Never,  in  my  experience,  has  the  making  of 
regulations  so  nearly  approached  to »the  attainment  of  the  ohjects  pro- 
posed, with  the  use  of  so  little  machinery  in  the  enforcement.  The 
cneerful,  prompt  and  efficient  cooperation  of  the  Railroad  Directors 
merit  our  thanks  and  the  approbation  of  the  community. 

Under  the  power  "  to  make  and  cause  to  be  executed  regulations 
for  an  efficient  police"  I  ventured  to  propose  some  amendments  to  a 
legislative  Act  which,  by  its  title  and  provisions,  was  purely  a  police 
REGULATION  for  the  invaded  districts.  As  to  military  regulations,  I 
have  shown  that  we  had  express  authority  to  "disregard"  legisla- 
tive enactments.  The  regulation  of  the  police  being  in  the  broadest 
terms  committed  to  us,  I  deemed  that  we  had  the  same  power  there. 
These  have  beeu  termed  "legislative  acts."  Regulations  as  to  the 
military  and  police,  have,  for  the  time,  necessarily,  the  effect  of  laws, 
Many  orders  and  regulations  from  the  Treasury  Department,  or  the 
War  Department,  from  the  Adjutant  General's  office,  are  very  like 
legislation,  in  form  and  substance.  "  Orders,  regulations,  and  arrange- 
ments," so  far  as  the  subject-matter  to  which  they  refer  is  concerned, 
must  infringe  upon,  or  rather  must  occupy,  a  common  ground  with 
"legislation"  on  the  same  subject.  If  the  'Sovereign  has  delegated 
the  right  to  make  these  regulations,  the  authority  is  rightfully  exercised, 
call  them  by  what  name  you  will.  According  to  the  views  I  have 
presented,  it  rests  alone  with  the  Sovereign  power — a  Convention  of 
the  People,  which  metes  out  the  powers  of  other  constituted  authori- 
ties— to  determine  what  shall  be  the  powers  of  the  Executive  De- 
partment, and  what  shall  be  the  powers  of  the  department  called  the 
Legislature.  These  matters,  all  of  which  met  with  the  sanction  of  your 
Excellency,  had,  as  I  conceive,  been  committed  to  the  Executive 
Department)  as  constituted  by  the  Convention. 

The  next  matter,  which  was,  as  you  know,  for  some  time  under  the 
anxious  consideration  of  the  Governor  and  Executive  Council,  was  the 
prohibition  of  the  exportation  of  cotton,  except  under  certain  restric- 
tions, unless  expressly  sanctioned  by  the  Confederate  authorities.  This 
measure,  perhaps  the  most  doubtful  adopted,  was  approved  by  your 
Excellency  and  the  whole  Council,  and  did  not  originate  with  me. 
My  reasons  for  approving  have  already  been  placed  on  the  record,  and 
a  copy  of  the  letter  stating  these  reasons,  by  order  of  the  Council  was 


101 

sent  to  Mr.  Meinrninger,  Secretary  of  the  Confederate  Treasury,  and 
published  in  the  papers.  I  append  a  copy  of  this  letter  to  this  report. 
(See  Appendix,  B.) 

The  establishment  of  a  foundry  for  cannon,  cannon  equipage,  balls 
and  shell,  and  for  the  repair  of  small  arms,  with  a  nucleus  for  a  small- 
arms  manufactory  in  future,  was,  in  express  terms,  within  our  powers. 
So  as  to  the  nitre  plantation,  now  in  satisfactory  progress.  So  in  regard 
to  the  importation  of  arms  and  medicines. 

In  the  matter  of  the  gunboat,  the  Governor  and  Council  acted  under 
the  direct  authority  of  the  Convention,  by  whom  the  specific  appropria- 
tion was  made. 

The  surveys  of  the  Santcc  and  Pee  Dee,  and  mountain  passes  in  this 
State,  and  North  Carolina,  and  Tennessee,  though  they  cost  a  small 
amount  of  money,  were,  as  I  conceive,  within  the  general  powers  com- 
mitted to  us,  as  well  as  the  action  since  taken,  as  the  consequence  of 
those  surveys. 

The  two  acts  which  have  excited  most  dissatisfaction  are  the  call  for 
troops  for  the  protection  of  Georgetown  and  the  country  above,  after 
the  abandonment  of  the  Confederate  forces,  and  the  action  of  the  Gov- 
ernor and  Council  with  regard  to  a  supply  of  negro  labor  in  and  near 
Charleston  for  building  fortifications  and  harbor  obstructions.  Yet 
neither  of  these  acts,  surely,  needs  auy  defence  on  the  score  of  compe- 
tency on  the  part  of  the  Governor  and  Council.  The  first  was,  in 
effect,  to  bring  into  service  a  portion  of  the  population  of  the  State, 
to  be  employed  in  public  service,  as  we  believed,  of  the  most  important 
character.  Your  Excellency's  proposition  on  this  subject  was  as 
follows  : 

April  12,  1862. 

"Resolved,  That  all  the  militia  of  Georgetown,  Marion,  Horry,  and 
Williamsburg,  be  immediately  ordered  out  and  organized  into  compa- 
nies, battalions  and  regiments,  with  the  best  arms  and  equipments  that 
can  for  the  present  be  procured,  and  that  one  thousand  tents  be  ordered 
for  them. 

"Resolved,  That  they  elect  their  own  company  officers,  and  that  this 
Council  appoint  field  officers  for  this  organization. 

"Resolved,  That  they  be  rendezvoused  near  Georgetown,  to  protect 
property,  and  to  endeavor  to  defend  the  country  to  the  best  of  their 
ability,  as  it  is  intimated  that  all  our  troops  in  Confederate  service  will 
be  ordered  from  that  section  of  the  State,  a  jd  thus  open  Georgetown  to 
the  enemy. 


1 08 

"Resolved,  That  the  Quartermaster  and  Commissary  Generals  be  im- 
mediately instructed  to  provide  proper  transportation  and  supplies  fox 
said  troops. 

"Resolved,  Thai  orders  be  issued  by  the  Chief  of  the  Military  De- 
partment to  stop  any  further  supplies  being  furnished  to  the  Confeder- 
ate troops  from  the  State  Commissary  Department,  and  also  that  the 
same  orders  be  issued  to  the  State  Quartermaster  General. 

"  Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  Military  Department  be  charged 
with  the  execution  of  the  foregoing  resolutions." 

The  second,  to  wit :  the  impressment  of  negroes,  was  a  disposition 
and  appropriation  (temporarily)  of  private  property  for  public  use.  The 
last  I  shall  touch  ou  in  auother  part  of  my  report. 

It  has  been  objected  that  offices  have  been  created.  What  offices? 
Col.  Jones  was  employed  to  audit  some  difficult  accounts,  and  to  act  for 
General  Harllee  in  his  absence  on  public  business,  at  an  expense  of  just 
one  hundred  and  eleven  dollars  and  eleven  cents.  Major  Melton  was 
made  an  assistant  to  the  Adjutant  General,  the  Council  paying  only  his 
very  moderate  bill  of  expenses  in  Columbia.  Mr.  Arthur  was  made 
Secretary  of  our  body  without  any  compensation  from  the  Treasury. 
Lieutenant  Follin  was  given  a  military  rank,  without  any  addition  to 
the  salary  given  him  by  the  Legislature  as  Clerk  to  the  Adjutant  Gen- 
eral. An  assistant  to  the  Adjutant  General  was  given  for  Charleston, 
at  his  request,  with  the  rank  and  pay  of  captain.  A  Superinten- 
dent of  the  cannon  foundry  and  manufactory  of  arms  was  absolutely 
necessary  for  such  an  establishment,  and  so  as  to  the  saltpetre  planta- 
tion. Something  was  paid  to  some  of  the  surveyors  of  the  Santee,  the 
Pee  Dec,  and  the  mountains,  and  temporary  commissions  given,  though 
in  two  of  these  instances  the  valuable  services  of  Mr.  Niernsee  were 
rendered  gratuitously.  Mr.  James  Tuppcr  was  made  Central  Secretary 
of  the  Commissions  for  the  removal  of  negroes  from  the  seaboard,  and 
women  and  children  from  Charleston,  at  the  request  of  a  majority  of 
the  Commissions ;  a  very  laborious  office,  in  which  he  generously 
served  without  pay.  The  same  gentleman  has  been  recently  appointed 
to  examine  and  audit  the  accouuts  of  this  State  with  the  Confederate 
Government,  going  back  to  the  20th  of  December,  1860,  and  he  serves 
for  the  mere  amount  of  expense  incurred  in  the  performance  of  duty. 
The  Doctors  LeConte  have  rendered  valuable  service  in  examining  salt 
springs  and  lead  mines,  but  they,  too,  have  worked  gratuitously.  The 
Chief  of  the  Military  has  a  Clerk.     I  have  a  Clerk,  at  the  rate  of  five 


103 

hundred  dollars  per  annum,  and  for  a  time  had  two  Policemen  in  per- 
manent employment,  at  fifty  dollars  per  month.  This  comprises,  I 
think,  everything,  and  the  Ordinance  expressly  gives  the  Governor  and 
Council  the  right  " to  constitute  and  appoint  SUCH  AGENTS  as  shall  be 
necessary  for  the  MORE  efficient  execution  of  the  powers  confided  to 
them." 

I  am  not  aware  that  any  of  these  appointments  have  been  objected  to 
by  your  Excellency. 

I  shall  proceed,  in  part  three,  to  report  upon  the  action  taken  on 
those  matters  which  have  come  more  particularly  under  my  individual 
control. 

Respectfully,  your  ob't  servant, 

I.  W.  HAYNE. 


APPENDIX. 


AN  ORDINANCE 

For  Strengthening  the  Executive    Department   during  the 
Exigencies  of  the  Present  War. 

We,  the  People  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  in  Convention  assem- 
bled, do  declare  and  ordain,  and  it  is  hereby  declared  and  ordained,  as 
follows : 

Sec.  1.  Until  the  present  war  between  the  Confederate  States  of 
America  and  the  United  States  shall  have  been  terminated,  and  the 
forces  raised  in  this  State  for  the  prosecution  thereof  shall  have  been 
disbanded,  or  until  it  shall  be  otherwise  ordained  by  the  People  in  Con- 
vention, the  Governor  shall  be  assisted,  as  is  hereinafter  directed,  in 
the  discharge  of  the  duties  imposed,  aud  in  the  exercise  of  the  powers 
conferred  upon  him  under  the  Constitution  and  laws  of  this  State,  or 
the  Ordinances  of  this  Convention,  by  a  Council,  to  be  called  the 
Executive  Council,  which  shall  consist  of  the  Lieuteuant  Governor  and 
three  other  citizens  of  the  State,  to  be  chosen  by  this  Convention  by 
a  ballot,  a  majority  of  the  votes  cast  at  such  election  being  necessary 
to  a  choice. 

Sec.  2.  The  Governor  and  the  Executive  Council,  acting  together,  shall 
have  power  to  declare  martial  law  to  such  extent,  in  such  places,  and 
at  such  times,  as  shall  be  required  by  the  exigency  of  public  affairs;  to 
arrest  and  detain  all  disloyal  or  disaffected  persons,  whose  being  at 
large  they  shall  deem  inconsistent  with  the  public  safety ;  to  order  and 
enforce  (subject  to  the  owner's  right  to  receive,  due  compensation  from 
the  State)  such  disposition  of  private  property  or  appropriation  thereof 
for  public  uses  as  the  public  good  shall  appear  to  them  to  require;  to 


105 

make,  and  cause  to  be  executed,  all  such  orders,  regulations  and  ar- 
rangements, as  they  shall,  from  time  to  time,  find  expedient  for  bringing 
into  service,  organizing  and  supporting,  the  whole,  or  any  part,  of  the 
population  of  the  State,  to  be  employed  in  the  public  service,  and,  also, 
for  maintaining  such  efficieut  police  as  shall,  by  them,  be  thought 
necessary ;  to  make,  procure  or  employ  arms,  munitions  of  war,  and 
whatever  else  may  be  required  for  the  defence  of  the  State  ;  to  consti- 
tute aud  appoint  such  agents  as  shall  be  necessary  for  the  more  efficient 
execution  of  the  powers  hereby  confided  to  them;  for  these  purposes  to 
draw  money  from  the  public  Treasury,  the  Treasurers  being  bound  to 
pay  their  draft  from  .any  money  in  the  Treasury ;  to  make  all  such 
nominations  and  appointments  to  military  offices  as  the  Governor  has 
heretofore  been  authorized  to  make;  to  fill  all  offices  and  appointments 
where  there  is  any  vacancy  for  default  of  action  by  the  Legislature  or 
other  appointing  power,  or  for  default  of  any  provision  by  law  of  the 
mode  of  appointment,  and  to  fill,  until  the  nest  meeting  of  the  People 
in  Convention,  any  vacancy  which  may  occur  in  the  Council  by  reason 
of  the  death,  resignation  or  removal  from  the  State,  of  any  one  of  the 
three  members  thereof  chosen  by  the  Convention. 

Sec.  3.  In  the  discharge  of  all  his  duties  and  the  exercise  of  all  his 
powers,  not  hereinbefore  enumerated,  the  Governor  is  authorized  to 
consult  the  Council,  aud  to  require,  if  need  be,  its  advice  in  writing. 

Sec.  4.  The  Governor  aud  Executive  Council  may,  at  their  discre- 
tion, arrange  some  or  all  of  the  business  to  be  done  by  them,  into 
different  departments,  assign  each  department  to  one  or  more  members 
of  the  Council,  and  make  rules  for  the  management  of  a  department 
or  other  business.  Acts  done  by  either  of  the  departments,  in  con- 
formity to  rules  or  orders  established  by  the  Governor  and  Council, 
shall  be  valid,  but  shall  be  always  subject  to  the  control  of  the  Gov- 
ernor and  Council. 

Sec.  5.  The  Governor  shall  have  access  to  the  books  and  papers  of 
every  department,  and  the  opportunity  of  being,  at  all  times,  fully 
informed  of  the  condition  of  its  business;  reports  to  him  shall  be 
made  by  the  heads  of  departments,  when  he  may  require  them;  and  he 
shall  communicate  to  this  Convention  and  to  the  General  Assembly,  at 
every  meeting  of  either  body,  full  information  concerning  the  transac- 
tions of  the  Council  and  the  condition  of  every  department. 

Sec.  6.  If  there  should  be  a  vacancy  in  the  office  of  Governor,  the 
Lieutenant  Governor,  having  succeeded  to  that  office,  shall  discharge 
the  duties  herein  required  of  the  Governor;  and  the  President  of  the 
14 


106 

Senate,  having  succeeded  to  the  office  of  Lieutenant  Governor,  shall 
become  a  member  of  the  Executive  Council. 

Sec.  7.  The  Governor  (or  if  he  be  necessarily  absent,  the  Lieutenant 
Governor,)  and  any  two  of  the  members  of  Council  elected  by  this 
Convention,  shall  be  sufficient  to*constitute  a  quorum  ;  and  the  concur- 
rence of  a  majority  of  all  present,  there  being  a  quorum,  shall  be 
required  for  the  validity  of  any  action  in  which  the  Governor  and 
Council  are  required  to  act  conjointly.  If  by  vacancies,  the  Council 
should  be  reduced  to  two  or  only  one,  the  Governor,  for  the  time  being, 
with  those  two  or  that  one,  shall  be  sufficient  to  fill  the  vacancies  iu  the 
places  of  members  chosen  by  this  Convention,  until  the  next  meetiug 
of  the  Convention. 

Sec.  8.  The  Governor  and  Council  shall  keep  a  record  of  their  pro* 
ceedings,  and  for  this  purpose  the  Special  Private  Secretary  of  the 
Governor  shall  be  their  Secretary  without  additional  pay.  This  record 
shall  especial'y  show  the  reasons  for  every  arrest  made  by  their 
authority.  Any  one  of  them  shall  have  the  privilege  of  filing  and  thus 
preserving  as  part  of  the  record,  his  di'sent  from*  their  action  in  any 
matter.  On  the  first  day  of  each  meeting  of  the  People  in  Convention, 
the  record  of  all  the  proceedings  of  the  Governor  and  Council  had  prior 
thereto,  shall  be  laid  before  such  Convention,  and  the  said  proceedings 
shall  be  subject  to  review,  and  to  repeal,  or  such  modification  by  the 
Convention  as  to  it  shall  seem  proper. 

Sec  9.  The  first  meeting  of  the  Governor  and  the  Executive  Coun- 
cil shall  be  had  within  seven  days  after  the  adjournment  of  the  present 
sitting  of  this  Convention,  at  a  time  and  place  to  be  fixed  by  the 
Governor,  of  which  he  shall  give  notice  to  each  member.  Afterwards 
their  meetings  shall  be  regulated  by  their  own  orders  aud  adjourn- 
ments. 

Sec.  10.  Each  member  of  the  Council  shall  receive  an  annual  salary 
of  two  thousand  dollars,  payable  quarterly  out  of  the  Treasury  upon  the 
draft  or  order  of  the  Governor. 

Sec.  11.  The  President  of  the  Convention,  if  in  his  opinion  the 
public  exigencies  shall  require,  or  if  he  shall  be  requested  in  writing  so 
to  do  by  any  twenty  members  of  the  Convention,  shall  by  notice  under 
his  hand  duly  published,  assemble  this  Convention,  without  delay,  at  a 
time  and  place  to  be  by  him  fixed,  and  he  shall  appoint  a  Committee  of 
five  members  of  the  Convention,  a  majority  of  whom,  or  the  survivors 
or  survivor  of  such  majority,  shall,  in  case  of  the  death,  resignation  or 
disqualification  of  the  President,  have  the  like  authority  and  be  under 


107 


the  like  obligation  to  assemble  the  Convention  and  appoint  a  time  and 
place  for  its  meeting;  but  neither  the  President  of  the  Convention  nor 
any  member  of  the  said  Committee  shall  be  a  member  of  the  Executive 
Council. 

[Certified  copy.] 

B.   F.   ARTHUR,  Clerk  of  Convention. 


108 


B. 

EXECUTIVE  COUNCIL  CHAMBER, 
Columbia,  S.  C,  April  4,  18G2. 
The  following  preamble  and  resolutions,  adopted  by  the  Governor  and 

Council,  have  been  ordered  to  be  published  : 

*  #  *    *  #  *  *  * 

Whereas,  information  has  reached  the  Governor  and  Council  that 
sundry  small  vessels  have  from  time  to  time  carried  from  the  port  of 
Charleston  cargoes  of  cotton,  which  the  Governor  and  Council  have 
reason  to  believe  have  found  their  way  to  the  enemy,  and  which  cer- 
tainly have  not  brought  back  return  cargoes  of  arms,  munitions  or  army 
supplies  :  Therefore, 

Resolved,  That  during  the  continuance  of  the  present  blockade  the 
exportation  of  cotton  from  any  port  in  South  Carolina  is  hereby  pro- 
hibited, unless  by  the  express  permission  of  the  Confederate  or  State 
authorities. 

Resolved,  That  an  agent,  resident  in  the  city  of  Charleston,  be  ap- 
pointed, who  shall  be  authorized  to  grant  permission  for  the  exportation 
of  cotton  on  the  terms  hereinafter  prescribed,  to  wit :  Affidavit  shall  be 
made  that  no  part  of  the  cotton  exported  shall,  with  the  conseut  or  con- 
nivance of  the  exporter,  find  its  way  into  the  possession  of  the  enemy  ; 
aud  boud,  with  good  surety,  shall  be  given  that  the  full  amount  of  the 
net  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  said  cotton  shall  be  brought  back  into  the 
Confederate  States  in  arms,  munitions  of  war,  or  army  supplies,  unless 
prevented  by  successful  interposition  of  the  enemyr 

[Extract  from  the  Minutes  of  April  4.] 

By  order  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

F.  J.   MOSES,  Jr.,  Secretary. 


Columbia,  April  11,  1862. 
The  resolutions  of  the  fourth  of  April,  after  lying  over  for  two  days, 
and  the  subject-matter  undergoing  discussion  for  several  days  previously, 
were  unanimously  adopted,  the  policy  being  approved  by  the  Governor 
and  every  separate  member  of  the  Executive  Council.  We  believed 
that  we  were  but  attempting,  as  far  as  it  was  in  the  power  of  the  State 
authorities  to  do  so,  to  carry  out  a  settled  policy,  sanctioned   by  nine- 


109 

tenths  of  the  people  of  the  Confederate  States.  We  have  been  of 
opinion  that  the  exportation  of  cotton,  at  all,  was  conceded  to  be  an 
evil,  so  long  as  the  blockade  was  tolerated  by  neutral  powers,  but  that 
our  necessities  were  such  as  to  make  the  importation  of  "arms, 
munitions  and  army  suppiies,"  and  perhaps  some  other  articles,  an 
object  so  important  that  such  importation  more  than  counterbalanced  the 
evil  of  a  limited  exportation  of  cotton.  We  desired,  without  in  any 
degree  interfering  with  the  Confederate  Government,  to  make  the  ex- 
portation and  importation  correlative.  To  effect  this,  we  prohibit 
exportation,  without  < xpress permission  of  the  authorities  of  either  one 
or  the  other  of  the  Governments.  The  failure  to  prohibit  by  the  Con- 
federate Government  is  not  an  express  permission.  The  custom-house 
clearance  we  have  not  considered  as  an  express  permission,  unless  the 
Government  should  declare  that  if  is  so  intended.  If  it  should  so  declare, 
we  are  foiled  iu  our  efforts,  that  is  all.  But  if  it  does  not  so  declare, 
we  propose  to  prevent  the  exportation,  unless  by  a  special  permission, 
according  to  the  circumstances  of  each  case,  from  the  one  authority  or 
the  other,  or  by  a  permission  through  an  agent  on  the  general  terms 
specified  iu  the  second  resolution. 

Now,  this  can  surely  bring  about  no  conflict  between  the  Govern- 
ments. As  to  the  citizens  claiming  rights  as  secured  by  existing  laws, 
that,  I  admit,  is  a  different  question.  That  is  a  question  we  supposed 
would  be  made;  but  unless  the  Confederate  Government  interferes  in 
their  behalf,  we  do  not  doubt  either  our  power  or  the  propriety  of  its 
exercise. 

Some  months  ago,  you  must  remember,  that  Mr.  Trenholm  proposed 
to  ship  cotton,  and  had  a  vessel  partly  loaded  for  the  purpose.  Public 
opinion  was,  at  that  time,  so  general  and  decided  in  opposition  to  such 
exportation,  that  Mr.  Trenholm,  when  appealed  to,  yielded  to  its  force. 
He  desisted  for  the  time,  and  took  the  cotton  from  his  vessel.  I  shall 
not  now  enter  into  the  argument  to  show  the  grounds  upon  which  this 
overwhelming  popular  sentiment  rested.  I  expressed  my  views  pretty 
fully  through  the  papers  at  that  time.  Suffice  it  that,  in  the  opinion  of 
the  Council,  this  seutiment  is  well  founded.  We  believe  the  exporta- 
tion of  cotton,  in  any  other  than  certain  exceptional  cases,  to  be  injuri- 
ous to  the  public  interests.  We  are  charged  with  high  powers  for 
protecting  the  public  safety,  and  promoting  the  public  welfare  in  the 
exigencies  growing.out  of  the  present  war.  Among  these  powers  are 
these  :  "to  declare  martial  law;  to  arrest  disloyal  or  disaffected  persons, 
whose  liberty  we  deem   inconsistent  with  the  public  safety;  to  make 


110 

such  disposition  of  prfvatt  property,  or  appropriation  thereof,  for 
public  uses,  as  we  consider  that  the  public  good  requires."  We  are 
further  charged  with  "procuring  arms,  munitions  of  war,  and  whatever 
else  may  be  required  for  the  defence  of  the  State."  Now,  cotton  about 
to  be  exported  is  "private  property,"  about,  as  we  believe,  to  be  appropri- 
ated to  mischievous  uses;  have  we  not  the  power  to  "dispose  of"  it  in 
another  way?  If,  in  our  opinion,  it  is  needed  "  to  procure  arms,  muni- 
tions," and  other  things  "  required  for  the  defence  of  the  State,"  have 
we  not  the  power  so  to  appropriate  it  ?  If  we  have  the  power  to  seize, 
dispose  of  and  appropriate  the  cotton  for  such  purposes,  can  it  be  usurpa- 
tion to  declare  that  the  owner  shall  so  appropriate  it,  if  he  exports  it 
at  all  ?  The  mere  paper  declaration  is  brutum  fidnen  unless  enforced. 
If  called  upon  to  enforce  the  declaration,  then  begins  the  exercise  of 
real  power.  Of  course  this  has  been  considered,  and  when  we  seize  the 
cotton  and  vessel,  and  appropriate  them  ourselves  to  procure  arms,  by 
sending  them  ourselves  to  Europe,  we  will  do  no  more  than  exercise  a 
power  clearly  delegated 

This  argument  applies  to  the  powers  of  the  Governor  and  Council, 
under  the  Ordinance.  As  to  the  power  of  the  State,  does  not  the  right 
of  eminent  domain  give  to  a  State  the  absolute  right  to  appropriate  all 
private  properly  to  public  uses,  subject  only  to  the  claim  for  compensa- 
tion ;  more  especially  in  times  of  war  and  public  peril  ? 

The  simple  resolution  is  no  more  than  a  Governor's  proclamation.  It 
may  be  bad  taste  to  order  what  cannot  be  enforced,  but  as  I  have  before 
said,  it  is  only  when  enforcement  is  attempted  that  any  substantial  usurpa- 
tion can  exist.  The  right  to  enforce,  in  the  way  we  propose,  is,  iu  my 
judgment,  clearly  in  the  State]  and  as  clearly  delegated  by  the  State  to 
the  Governor  and  Council.  I  incline  to  think  that  any  interference 
with  the  exercise  of  this  right,  by  the  Confederate  Government,  would 
be  usurpation  on  their  part.  But  ice  do  hot  propose  to  raise  any  ques- 
tion with  that  Government.  When  that  Government  orders  or  asks,  or 
even  expressly  permits  cotton  to  go  out,  we  not  only  do  not  attempt  to  en- 
force prohibition,  but  we  declare,  beforehand,  our  assent. 

I  have  written  very  hastily,  but  the  subject  I  have  considered. 

If  Mr.  W.  P.  Co' cock  be  in  Charleston,  please  show  him  this  letter, 
and  ask  him  if  he  will  accept  the  agency.  He  was  appointed  Agent 
simultaneous'y  with  the  adoption  of  the  resolution,  and  a  copy  of  the 
resolution  sent  to  him.  « 

I  am  yours,  truly, 

I.  W.  HAYNE. 

To  C.  R.  Miles,  Esq.,  District  Attorney  C.  S. 


PAUT  III. 

ON  THE   SPECIAL   ACTION  OF    THE    DEPARTMENT    OF 
JUSTICE   AND  POLICE. 


To  his  Excellency,  Governor  Pickens, 

Presiding  over  the  Ecscutive  Council  of  Siu'li  Carolina  : 

I  proceed  now  to  report  upon  those  matters  acted  upon  belougiug 
especially  to  the 

DEPARTMENT    OP   JUSTICE   AND   POLICE, 

or  committed  to  the  head  of  that  Department. 

First,  as  to  the  correspondence  and  conferences  with  the  Commis- 
sions appointed  by  the  Convention  to  take  charge  of  the  removal  of 
negroes  from  the  invaded  Districts,  and  of  women  and  children  from 
Charleston. 

These  Commissions,  appointed  by  the  Convention,  and  charged 
with  discretionary  powers,  are  independent  of  the  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil, and  were  approached  only  in  the  way  of  suggestion,  and  for  the 
purpose  of  obtaining  information.  On  this  subject,  I  have  already 
reported,  in  special  report  No.  1,  which  I  append  to  the  present.  (See 
Appendix,  A.) 

These  Commissions  will  report,  I  presume,  directly  to  the  Conven- 
tion. 

I  have,  as  the  head  of  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police,  held 
correspondence  with  the  Provost  Marshals  presidiug  over  the  Police 
Courts  established  in  the  Seaboard  Districts,  under  an  Act  of  the  Legis- 
lature, entitled  "  An  Act  to  provide  more  efficient  Police  Regulations 
for  the  Districts  on  the  Seaboard."  This  Act,  providing  Police  Regu- 
lations for  the  invaded  Districts,  is  that  to  which  [  alluded  as  having 
been  altered  in  some  pirtieulars,  by  order  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 
The  alterations  do  no  more  than  carry  out  what  appeared  to  be  the 
intention  of  the  Legislature,  except  that  extending  the  provisions  to 
Charleston.     Before   the    new   Court   was   organized,  martial   law  was 


112 

declared  in  the  city,  and  the  Mayor  declining  to  act,  as  Provost  Marshal, 
no  steps  have  been  taken  to  put  it  into  operation.  Undoubtedly,  the 
amendments  were  "Police  Regulations,"  iuteuded  to  make  "more 
efficient"  the  "regulations"  already  existing. 

These  Police  Courts  have,  I  think,  for  the  most  part,  worked  well, 
and  have  had  a  wholesome  influence. 

The  enforcement  of  the  regulations  prohibiting  distillation  of  grain, 
and  the  sale  of  spirituous  liquors  in  certain  places,  has  been  committed 
to  me.  In  the  matter  of  distillation,  my  information  is  that  the  inhibi- 
tion has,  to  a  great  extent,  executed  itself.  Instead  of  distillation 
increasing  to  the  fearful  extent  which  was  threatened,  it  has  been  less 
than  was  ever  known  before.  Whether  any  prosecutions  are  in  prog- 
ress, I  do  not  know.  Hearing  of  some  violations  in  the  District  of- 
Pickens,  I  appointed  a  Special  Police  Agent,  to  go  to  that  District  and 
ascertain  the  facts.  Several  names  were  furnished  him,  but  as  no  affi- 
davits accompanied,  he  made  but  one  arrest.  This  was  an  individual 
whom  he  caught  in  the  act  of  distillation.  He  was  brought  before  me, 
as  the  head  of  Police,  and  placed  in  jail  until  I  should  determine  what 
proceedings  should  be  taken.  After  investigation,  I  discharged  him 
without  prosecution,  on  his  promise  to  give  bond,  with  surety,  that  he 
would  not  further  violate  the  regulations  of  the  Governor  and  Council 
on  this  subject.  Another  Agent  was  subsequently  sent  to  Union  Dis- 
trict, who  caught  a  man  there  almost  in  the  act  of  distillation,  and  who 
confessed  that  he  had  been  so  employed.  The  Agent  made  affidavit  of 
the  fact,  and  the  Sheriff,  under  my  orders,  arrested  the  distiller,  and 
delivered  him  to  the  Agent,  to  be  brought  before  me,  and  lodged  in 
jail,  in  Columbia.  Some  delay  was  created  in  this  case,  by  the  employ- 
ment of  counsel,  but  he,  too,  was,  after  investigation,  discharged  with- 
out prosecution,  on  his  giving  bond  not  to  violate  further  the  regulations 
of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

An  Agent  in  Pickens  has  more  recently  made  as  many  as  six  arrests, 
but,  as  he  informs  me,  on  warrants  issued  by  a  Magistrate,  en  affidavit 
made  that  the  parties  were  engaged  iu  distillation.  I  have  instructed 
him  that,  upon  giving  good  bond,  and  paying  the  costs  and  charges  of 
Magistrates  and  Police  Agent,  they  should  be  discharged  without  prose- 
cution, unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  Solicitor  of  the  Circuit. 

In  all  cases,  the  Police  Agent  is  instructed  to  bring  away  the  still  of 
the  party  offending,  to  be  used  in  the  cannon  foundry.  In  one  instance, 
upon  affidavit  of  the  distillation  at  certain  distilleries,  the  stills  were 
seized  without  arrest  of  the  parties. 


113 

For  the  .sale  of  liquor  on  the  line  of  the  railroads,  I  have  had  occa- 
sion to  have  but  three  persons  brought  before  me,  all  of  whom  acknowl- 
edged their  guilt,  and  were  srlad  to  be  relieved  on  giving  bond  and 
paying  expenses.  Several  in  Columbia,  upon  being  warned,  have 
volunteered  the  bond,  and  no  actual  arrest  has  taken  place.  In  three 
instances,  bar-rooms  have  been  closed,  and  the  key  taken  by  the 
Policeman,  but  afterwards  restored,  upon  giving  bond.  I  have  not 
considered  any  harsher  action  necessary,  inasmuch  as  the  evil  origin- 
ally complained  of — drunkenness  of  troops  on  railroad  cars — has,  to  a 
great  extent,  disappeared,  and  public  bar-rooms  at  the  termini  of  rail- 
roads and  at  railroad  stations,  have  been  effectually  suppressed. 

It  will  be  observed  that  these  arrests  and  temporary  detentions,  en- 
forcing regulations  of  Police,  are  such  as  the  head  of  every  municipal 
corporation  makes  daily.  So  far,  they  have  been  used  to  secure  prelim- 
inary examination,  as  initiatory  to  an  investigation  of  the  violation  of 
Police  Regulations.  These  arrests  are  incident  to  the  power  "  to  make 
and  enforce"  the  "Regulations"  themselves,  and  are  in  no  wi'se  con- 
nected with  the  substantive  power  "  to  arrest  and  detain  disloyal  and 
disaffected  persons,  whose  being  at  large  was  deemed  dangerous." 
This  latter  leaves  the  party  arrested  without  claim  to  bail  or  mainprize, 
and  subject  to  imprisonment,  as  long  as  the  Governor  and  Council 
might  deem  necessary  to  the  public  safety. 

I  am  pleased  to  state  that  no  occasion  has  occurred  requiring  the  ex- 
ercise of  this  high  power — the  arrest  and  detention  of  disloyal  and 
disaffected  persons.  The  first  case  presented  was  that  of  some  man  in 
York  District,  who,  upon  affidavit  made  of  disloyal  language,  had  been 
arrested  and  carried  before  Judge  Withers.  The  Judge  turned  the 
matter  over  to  the  Governor  and  Council,  stating  that  there  were  cir- 
cumstances inducing  him  to  doubt  the  sanity  of  the  party.  By  order 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  a  Commission  was  instructed  to  examine 
into  this  issue.  The  physicians  appointed  on  the  Commission  reported 
the  man  insane,  and  he  was  treated  accordingly.  Very  many  affidavits 
have  been  sent  us,  and  still  more  frequently  letters  charging  disloyalty, 
but  we  have  in  no  case  been  convinced  that  the  party  charged  "  being  at 
large,  was  inconsistent  with  the  public  safety."  One  man  was  sent  to 
me  in  Charleston,  under  arrest  from  General  Evans,  charged  with  disloy- 
alty. I  committed  him  to  jail,  but  the  charge  not  being  pressed,  and 
knowing  something  myself  of  the  party,  and  believing  that  there  was 
some  misapprehension,  I  some  days  afterwards  discharged  him. 

The  passport  system,  introduced  at  the  instance  of  your  Excellency, 
15 


114 

was  committed  to  me.  A  passport  was  required  of  all  persons  coming 
into  or  going  out  of  Columbia.  To  execute  this,  I  employed  two  police- 
men, at  fifty  dollars  per  month,  to  attend  to  this  business,  and  remain 
subject  at  other  times  to  my  order.  With  the  cooperation  and  assist- 
ance of  the  Railroad  Agents  the  system  worked  with  some  degree  of 
efficiency,  but  it  was  found  that,  without  incurring  much  greater  ex- 
pense, the  surveillance  could  not  be  made  complete,  and  the  necessity 
not  appearing  urgent,  the  resolution  was  suspended. 

Upon  the  matter  of  the  supply  of  negro  labor,  for  the  defence  of 
Charleston,  partially  committed  to  me,  the  question  has  been  so  delicate 
and  full  of  difficulty,  that  I  have  not  ventured  to  act  without  consulta- 
tion with  yourself  and  the  Council.  The  Council  found  the  system  of 
impressment  of  negroes  already  inaugurated  by  a  resolution  of  the  Leg- 
islature when  they  came  into  office.  Complaints  were  already  loud 
and  frequent.  The  first  efforts  of  the  Council  were  directed  to  putting 
a  limit  on  the  existing  power.  Your  Excellency,  as  well,  I  believe,  as 
every  member  of  the  Council,  preferred  that  the  forced  labor  should  be 
taken  from  that  portion  of  the  State  where  it  was  least  available  to  the 
owners  and  to  the  community,  and  could  be  best  spared.  They  con- 
fined the  impressment  to  the  city  and  the  adjacent  invaded  Districts. 
The  Confederate  Generals  loudly  complained,  and  a  Commission,  ap- 
pointed by  ourselves,  reported  that  it  was  impracticable  to  get  labor 
enough  there.  Gen.  Ripley  declared,  in  plain  terms,  that  with  a  sup- 
ply of  negro  labor  Charleston  could  be  made  safe,  but  that  without  this 
labor  he  would  not  feel  himself  responsible  for  consequences.  I  myself, 
at  this  point,  was  willing  to  do  what  we  have  recently  ordered,  that  is, 
open  the  whole  State,  and  equalize  as  far  as  possible  the  burthen. 
Your  Excellency  and  the  other  members  of  the  Council,  hoping  that 
each  call  would  be  the  last,  preferred  still  to  confine  impressment  within 
as  narrow  limits  as  possible.  Thus,  until  the  adoption,  at  your  instance, 
I  believe,  of  Col.  Chesnut's  report,  and  the  system  there  recommended, 
impressment  had  been  confined  to  Georgetown,  Charleston,  Colleton, 
Beaufort,  Williamsburg,  Clarendon,  Orangeburg,  and  Barnwell.  The 
number  of  negroes  furnished  from  this  region  I  have  not  been  able  to 
ascertain,  but,  altogether,  it  must  be  more  than  is  now  called  for  from 
the  Districts  hitherto  exempt. 

Nothing  that  has  or  can  be  said  on  the  subject  of  hardships  and  mis- 
chiefs growing  out  of  such  requisitions,  has  escaped  the  consideration 
of  your  Excellency  and  the  Council.  It  has  appeared  to  us,  however, 
under  the  circumstances,  a  necessity,  and  we  have  met  it. 


115 

The  same  necessity  which  justifies  the  conscription  of  the  white  man, 
justifies  the  impressment  of  the  negro.  As  I  have  said,  the  power  to 
impress  is  clearly  given  under  the  authority  to  order  and  enforce  the 
disposition  and  appropriation  of  private  property  to  public  use  ;  the  only 
question  which  has  arisen,  was  on  the  propriety  of  its  exercise. 

It  is  proper  to  state,  in  this  connection,  that  although  the  Governor 
and  Council  are  responsible  for  the  extent  of  the  authority  given  to  the 
Confederate  Generals,  in  the  earlier  stages,  the  requisitions  themselves, 
as  well  as  the  mode  and  manner  of  enforcement,  was  committed  .to  them. 
The  calls  were  so  sudden,  and  the  emergency  represented  as  so  pressing, 
that,  considering  the  occasion  as  temporary  only,  it  was  left  to  those 
who  best  understood  the  necessity,  and  who  alone  had  the  practical 
means  to  enforce  obedience,  to  raise  the  labor  required.  Afterwards  an 
agent  was  appointed,  to  act  under  the  directions  of  the  General — but 
though  instructions  were  given  to  equalize  as  far  as  possible  the  burthen 
in  the  region  designated,  still,  where  parties  neglected  or  refused  to  re- 
spond to  the  requisition,  the  enforcement  was,  from  necessity,  committed 
to  the  Confederate  General.  We  had  not  at  command  either  troops  or 
other  means  to  compel  compliance. 

On  such  a  subject  we,  of  course,  have  received  many  memorials  and 
communications,  to  which  we  have  respectfully  replied,  through  some 
member  of  the  body.  One  memorial,  signed  by  the  greatest  number  of 
citizens,  and  by  gentlemen  of  the  highest  consideration,  was,  before  we 
had  time  to  act  upon  it,  published  in  the  papers.  In  reply  to  this,  we 
published  a  report  from  Professor  Holmes. 

I  have  before  adverted  to  the  resolution  introduced  by  your  Excel- 
lency, on  the  subject  of  the  manufacture  of  salt.     It  is  as  follows: 

"Resolved,  That  fifty  thousand  dollars  be  set  aside  to  encourage  and 
force  forward  the  manufacture  of  salt,  and  that  the  Chief  of  Justice  and 
Police  be  authorized  to  execute  this  in  such  manner  as  he  may  think 
best  for  the  State." 

Though  the  whole  subject  was  thus  committed  to  me,  the  practical 
exercise  was  so  far  removed  from  my  past  pursuits,  and  so  little  in  the 
line  of  any  natural  gifts  which  I  might  suppose  myself  to  possess,  that 
I  invariably  applied  to  the  Council  for  advice.  The  very  extraordinary 
price  to  which,  soon  after,  salt  advanced,  seemed  in  itself  as  well  cal- 
culated "to  force  forward"  its  manufacture  as  anything  within  the 
power  of  the  Council.  Some  men,  however,  who  desired  to  engage  in 
the  manufacture,  were  without  the  means,  and  it  was  deemed  expedient 


110 

to  advance  the  money — to  be  paid  for  in  salt.  All  seemed  to  be 
checked  in  some  degree  by  the  fear  of  loss  by  capture  or  destruction  by 
the  enemy,  and  the  Council  agreed  to  assume  that  risk,  on  certain  con- 
ditions. 

At  a  time  when  Charleston  was  greatly  threatened,  and  after  the 
Confederate  troop3  had  abandoned  Georgetown,  the  coast  in  Colleton 
and  Beaufort  being  already,  to  a  great  extent,  occupied  by  the  enemy, 
Horry  appeared  to  be  the  only  region  open  for  salt  operations.  Gen. 
Harllee,  being  well  acquainted  with  the  people  and  the  localities, 
undertook,  at  the  request  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  to  go  personally 
and  make  contracts,  and  appoint  an  agent  to  Represent  the  State.  So 
far  as  that  region  of  the  State  is  concerned,  I  am  only  charged  with 
superintending  the  contracts  thus  made.  A  tabular  statement  will 
present  what  has  been  done.     (See  Appendix,  B.) 

In  addition  to  what  there  appears,  I  will  add  that  Professor  John 
LeConte,  at  my  request,  visited  a  portiou  of  the  country  where  it  was 
supposed  that  salt  wells  might  bo  obtained.  His  report  was  unfavora- 
ble, and  the  estimate  of  Mr.  "Welton,  the  Superintendent  of  tho 
Artesian  Well  in  Charleston,  as  to  the  cost  of  an  experiment,  being 
very  high,  it  was  not  thought  expedient  to  enter  upon  the  enterprise. 

Due  inquiry  has  been  made  at  the  salt  works  in  Virginia,  as  to  the 
possibility  of  making  some  arrangement  for  a  supply  of  the  wants  of 
the  State,  but  the  information  so  far  is  unfavorable. 

I  was  charged  with  the  execution  of  a  resolution,  adopted  March  1st, 
to  wit  : 

"Resolved,  That  the  sum  of  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  be  loaned 
to  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad  Company,  upon  the  condition 
that  any  future  indebtedness  of  the  State  to  the  Company,  for  trans- 
porting troops,  or  carrying  provisions,  or  any  other  purpose,  shall  be 
considered  a  payment  by  the  Company  of  a  part  of  the  said  loan,  and 
that  the  cars  or  other  property  purchased  with  the  money  loaned  as 
above,  shall  be  mortgaged  to  the  State." 

This  was  adopted  at  a  time  when  the  region  of  country  through 
which  this  railroad  passed  was  considered  in  immiueut  peril,  and  the 
removal  of  negroes,  provisions  and  other  property  was  deemed  of  the 
utmost  importance.  The  road,  it  was  represented,  could  do  a  much 
larger  business  but  for  an  insufficiency  of  cars,  and  of  switchesand  turn-outs. 

I  insert  the  report  of  the  President  of  the  road  upon  this  subject,  but 
recently  received  : 


n: 


"  President's  Office,  Charleston  and  Savannah  R.  R., 
Charleston,  August  16,  1862. 
11  Hon.  I.  "W.  Hayne,  Chief  D op1 1  Justice  and  Police,  Columbia,  S.  C  : 

"  Dear  Sir  :  On  the  22d  March  last  I  had  the  honor  to  report  to 
you  the  result  of  my  effort  to  purchase  twenty  (20)  cars,  under  a  reso- 
lution of  the  Council  (March  1st).  After  a  thorough  inquiry,  I  could 
only  ohtain  the  number  authorized  •with  great  difficulty  here.  Roads 
everywhere  refused  to  listen  to  proposals  for  the  sale  of  any  portion  of 
their  rolling  stock. 

"The  price  agreed  upon  was  §12,250  (twelve  thousand  two  hundred 
and  fifty  dollars),  but  in  consequence  of  a  difficulty  in  delivering  the 
cars,  I  have  not  yet  called  for  the  appropriation.  I  expect  to  do  so, 
however,  in  a  few  days. 

"  Under  the  resolution  above  referred  to,  we  were  also  authorized  to 
construct  additional  turn-outs,  for  the  purpose  of  aiding  the  removal  of 
provisions  and  other  property  from  the  line.  Tbe  work,  so  far  as  we 
felt  warranted  in  proceeding,  has  been  done.  And  I  beg  to  enclose  you 
statements  of  its  cost  in  full  detail.  The  amount,  68,262  03,  you  will 
please  cause  to  be  remitted  at  early  convenience.  I  take  the  liberty  to 
add  that  it  would  not  be  easy  to  estimate  the  importance  to  the  public 
of  the  aid  thus  furnished  by  the  Council. 

"  With  great  respect, 
(Signed)  W.  J.  MAGRATH." 

The  amount  advanced  will,  I  have  no  doubt,  be  made  good,  ulti- 
mately, to  the  State. 

About  the  same  time  the  attention  of  the  Governor  and  Council  was 
called  to  the  advantages  which  would  accrue  from  uniting  the  Charles- 
ton and  Savannah  Railroad  with  the  South  Carolina  and  North-Eastern 
Railroads,  and  more  particularly  the  completion  of  a  bridge  allowing 
rolling  stock  of  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad  to  cross  the 
Ashley  River.  Generals  Lee,  Pemberton  and  Ripley  expressed  the 
greatest  interest  in  the  work,  and  the  two  latter  pronounced  it  a  military 
necessity.  Time  has  only  served  to  magnify  the  importance  of  the 
enterprise.  The  rolling  stock  of  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad 
must  alone  be  worth  at  this  time  (that  is,  if  money  can  be  made  a 
measure  at  all  of  that  which,  all  important  in  itself,  cannot  be  supplied 
elsewhere,)  at  least  a  half  million  of  dollars.  If  that  road  should  get  even 
into  temporary  possession  of  the  enemy,  the  rolling  stock  must  inevita- 


118 

bly  be  lost.  But  the  connection  proposed  is  of  the  utmost  importance. 
After  a  great  deal  of  negotiation,  and  the  failure  of  many  efforts  on  the  part 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted,  to  wit  : 

Resolved  That  the  Chief  of  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police 
be  authorized  to  take  all  necessary  measures  to  have  the  connection 
completed  between  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad  and  the 
South  Carolina  and  North-Eastern  Railroads:  Provided,  in  his  judg- 
ment, it  can  be  effected  for  anything  within  the  sum  of  thirty-five 
thousand  dollars,  General  Pemberton  having  pronounced  the  work  a 
military  necessity." 

Upon  the  report  of  competent  engineers,  I  concluded  that  the  work 
might  be  accomplished  for  the  thirty-five  thousand  dollars,  aud  accord- 
ingly appointed  a  Commission,  to  consist  of  Messrs.  W.  J.  Magrath, 
President  of  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad  Company;  Alfred 
Ravenel,  President  of  the  North-Eastern  Railroad  Company;  and  H. 
T.  Peake,  Superintendent  of  the  South  Carolina  Railroad,  to  execute 
the  work.  I  have  recently  received  from  Mr.  Magrath  the  letter 
appeuded,  together  with  the  report  of  the  Engineer,  which  I  likewise 
append : 

"President's  Office,  Charleston  and  Savannah  R.  R., 
"  Charleston,  August  16,  1862. 
11  Hon.  I.  W.  IlAYNE,  Chief  Department  Justice  and  Police,  Columbia  : 

"Dear  Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  for  your  information,  the 
accompanying  report  of  B.  D.  Hasell,  Esq.,  Vice-President  of  the 
Charleston  aud  Savannah  Railroad,  on  the  progress  and  present  condition 
of  the  Ashley  River  bridge. 

"  When,  in  May  last,  I  undertook,  at  your  request,  in  connection 
with  Messrs.  Ravenel  and  Peake,  to  arrange  for  the  execution  of  this 
work,  I  immediately  placed  it  entirely  in  charge  of  Mr.  Hasell,  whoso 
large  experience  aud  ability  as  an  engineer  would,  I  felt  sure,  accom- 
plish all  that  could  reasonably  be  looked  for. 

"  It  is  hardly  necessary  that  I  should  add  anything  in  confirmation  of 
the  Engineer's  statements  of  the  obstacles  he  has  had  to  encounter,  and 
which  have  greatly  retarded  the  work.  It  is  well  known  to  you,  and 
to  all,  how  difficult  just  now  it  is  to  forward,  with  energy  and  rapidity, 
enterprises  of  any  magnitude,  and  this  work  has  been  peculiarly  embar- 
rassed by  the  necessities  of  the  Confederate  authorities  for  the  very 
material,  machinery  and  labor  indispensable  to  its  speedy  completion. 


119 

"  I  am  gratified,  however,  in  being  able  to  state  that  so  far,  in  this 
month,  the  progress  of  the  work  is  much  more  satisfactory  than  pre- 
viously. We  are  all  animated  by  a  most  earnest  desire  to  bring  it  to 
as  early  and  successful  conclusion  as  possible,  and  will  unite  all  our 
energies  for  the  purpose. 

"With  great  respect, 
(Signed)  W.  J.  MAGRATH,  Chairman." 

"President's  Office,  Charleston  and  Savannah  R.  R., 

"Charleston,  August  11,  1862. 

"W.  J.  MAGRATH,  Esq., , Agent  of  the  State  df  South  Carolina: 

"  Dear  Sir  :  Up  to  this  date,  the  piling  for  sixty-eight  piers  of 
the  Ashley  River  bridge  have  been  driven,  fifty-four  piers  have  been 
capped,  and  three  hundred  lineal  feet  of  longitudinal  braces  have  been 
put  on  the  caps.  The  original  estimate  calls  for  one  hundred  and 
fifty-two  piers  of  the  main  bridge,  and,  therefore,  46-100,  or  nearly 
one-half  of  the  piling,  is  finished.  None  of  the  corbels  or  stringers 
have  been  put  on  the  bridge,  but  the  timber  is  mostly  on  the  ground. 
The  value  of  the  work  done,  and  materials  furnished,  may  be  estimated 
in  round  numbers  at  ten  thousand  five  hundred  dollars. 

"  The  slow  progress  of  the  work  is  mainly  attributable  to  the  diffi- 
culty in  procuring  hands  and  labor,  and  also  additional  pile-drivers. 

"  The  contractor  had,  at  one  time,  two  pile-drivers  engaged  on  the 
bridge,  but  was  compelled  to  give  up  one,  to  be  used  by  the  Govern- 
ment on  harbor  defences. 

"  With  the  present  difficulty  in  procuring  labor,  tools  and  materials, 
I  doubt  if  the  contractor  will  be  able  to  finish  the  bridge  much  before 
the  time  when  we  may  expect  the  enemy  to  renew  his  demonstrations 
against  us  in  the  fall. 

"  Very  respectfully,  jours, 
(Signed)  BENTLEY  D.  HASELL,  Vice  President:' 

I  believe  I  have  touched  upon  everything  appertaining  to  my  De- 
partment, or  specially  committed  to  me.  With  regard  to  the  provisions 
of  section  number  eight  of  the  Ordinance  of  the  Convention  for 
strengthening  the  Executive,  to  which  my  attention  was  particularly 
called  by  your  Excellency,  to  wit :  That  "  the  record  shall  especially 
show  the  reasons  for  every  arrest  made  by  their  authority,"  I  have 
referred  this  provision  to  arrests  made  under  the  second  great  substan- 
tive power  grauted,  to  wit :  the  power  "  to  arrest  and  detain  all  disloyal 


120 

and  disaffected  persons  whose  being  at  large  they  shall  deem  inconsis- 
tent with  the  public  safety."  This  power,  necessarily  discretionary, 
which  requires  no  affidavit  or  specific  averment,  and  which,  if  my  views 
are  correct,  habeas  oorpus  would  not  remedy,  it  was  very  necessary  to 
guard. 

Being  in  this  matter  responsible  to  no  other  constituted  authority 
than  the  Convention,  a  full  disclosure  to  that  body  is  specially  enjoined. 
No  such  arrests,  as  I  have  said,  have  been  made.  The  arrests  already 
mentioned,  preliminary  to  further  proceedings,  and  which,  if  wrong, 
a  habeas  carpus  would  remedy,  are  such  as,  I  have  before  remarked, 
every  Mayor  of  a  city,  or  Iutendant  of  a  village  is  in  the  habit  of  order- 
ing almost  every  day.  The  affidavits  are  on  file,  however,  and  can  be 
seen.  The  names  I  have  withheld  in  this  report,  thinking  it  aa  un- 
necessary mortification  to  the  parties  to  publish  them. 
Respectfully,  your  ob't  servant. 

I.  W.  HAYNE. 


APPENDIX. 


A. 

STATE  OF  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Department  op  Justice  and  Police, 
Columbia,  S.  C,  March  3,  1862. 

As  Chief  of  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police,  I  have  the  honor 
to  make  my  first  written  report.  The  action  heretofore  taken  by  this 
Department,  having  been  the  subject  of  almost  daily  consultation  with 
the  Governor  and  Council,  I  have  not,  up  to  this  time,  considered  a 
formal  communication  as  necessary;  but  having  been  six  days  absent 
from  Columbia  on  official  duty,  I  now  respectfully  report : 

That  on  Saturday,  the  22d  instant,  at  three  o'clock,  I  received  a 
telegram  from  Gen.  S.  R.  Gist,  stating  that  General  Ripley,  the  General 
in  command,  desired  my  presence  in  the  city  immediately,  aud>  that  he 
(General  Gist)  and  Judge  Magrath  thought  it  important  that  I  should 
come  down  at  once.  I  left  in  the  five  o'clock  train,  arrived  in  Charles- 
ton at  daylight,  and  at  nine  o'clock,  A.  M.,  saw  General  Ripley.  He 
informed  me  that  certain  changes  in  the  disposition  of  the  forces  along 
the  line  of  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad  were  probable,  and 
read  to  me  a  correspondence  between  Gen.  Lee  and  himself  on  this  sub- 
ject. I  agreed  with  General  Ripley,  that  the  change,  if  made,  would 
render  a  prompt  and  more  efficient  action  proper  on  the  part  of  the 
Commissions  appointed  by  the  Convention  to  execute  the  Ordinance 
and  Resolutions  on  the  subject  of  removing  negroes  and  other  property 
from  invaded  territory.  I  found  that  these  Commissions  had  not  had 
any  meeting  of  consultation,  and  that  several  of  the  Commissions  had 
never  met  among  themselves.  Though  these  Commissions  are  inde- 
pendent of  each  other,  and,  as  I  think,  of  the  Governor  and  Council, 
having  certain  large  discretionary  powers  vested  in  them  separately  by 
the  Convention,  yet  some  concert  of  action,  or  at  least  a  comparison  of 
views,  appeared  to  me  eminently  proper,  and  had  been  advised  by  me 
as  Chief  of  the  Police  Department,  immediately  after  my  appointment. 
16 


122 

Though  without  the  power  to  control  the  separate  Commissions  in  the 
exercise  of  their  discretion,  I  had  considered  it  as  a  duty  devolved  on 
the  branch  of  the  Executive  authority  committed  to  my  Department, 
to  advise  with  aud  offer  aid  to  these  Commissions,  and  had  accordingly, 
at  an  early  day,  opened  correspondence  with  the  Confederate  Generals 
on  the  subject,  and  communicated  the  result,  with  my  own  suggestions, 
to  the  Chairman  of  these  Commissions.  The  Confederate  Generals 
concurred  in  recommending,  from  the  first,  that  preparations  should, 
without  delay,  be  made  by  the  Commissions  acting  under  the 
Ordinances  and  Resolutions  of  the  Convention. 

On  Monday,  the  day  following  my  interview  with  General  Ripley,  I 
called  together  as  many  of  the  Commissions  as  could  be  assembled  on  so 
short  a  notice.  The  Commissions,  except  those  of  Georgetown  and 
Horry,  were  represented.  I  found,  from  their  report,  that  very  little 
had  as  yet  been  done.  I  pressed  upon  them  the  importance  of  more 
prompt  and  active  exertions,  and  after  learning  the  communication  from 
General  Ripley,  some  impression  seemed  to  be  made  upon  them.  The 
President  of  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad  Company  was  before 
us,  and  it  appeared  that  the  means  of  transportation  were  very  limited, 
and  were  further  embarrassed  by  the  irregular  calls  of  the  military.  It 
was  apparent  that  no  general  exodus  could  be  effected. 

It  was  the  opinion  of  those  present,  that  in  the  time  now  permitted 
for  action,  the  voluntary  movers  would  consume  all  the  means  available, 
and  that  it  was  therefore  inexpedient  to  notify  parties  that  they  were 
required  to  remove,  or  to  use  compulsion,  so  far  as  owners  were  con- 
cerned. 

These  Commissions  were  anxious  to  be  more  definitely  informed  as  to 
proposed  military  changes.  I  went  accordingly,  at  their  request,  to 
Savannah,  and  saw  General  Lee.  He  stated  that  there  wras  really  no 
positive  change  in  the  military  policy,  but  that  he  was  more  than  ever 
convinced,  from  recent  developments,  that  the  enemy  meant  to  attack 
both  Savannah  and  Charleston,  aud  that  when  Charleston  was  attacked 
he  felt  more  than  ever  assured  that  it  would  be  in  such  force  that  its 
defence  would  require  the  concentration  "of  his  own  forces,  particularly 
General  Pemberton's  command,  and  that  this  would  necessarily  leave  a 
large  and  wealthy  portion  of  the  State  at  the  mercy  of  the  enemy. 

I  returned  the  next  day,  and  being  unable  to  assemble  the  Commis- 
sions that  evening,  called  them  together  for  the  next  day.  I  reported 
at  this  meeting,  and  the  Commissions  seemed  convinced  of  the  neces- 
sity of  immediate  proceedings.     The  Commissions  further  requested 


123 

that  I  would  obtain  a  central  Secretary,  residing  in  Charleston,  to  aid 
the  Commissions  in  the  contemplated  removals.  James  Tupper,  Esq., 
a  gentleman  eminently  qualified  for  these  duties,  had  previously  volun- 
teered his  services  in  any  way  he  could  be  made  useful  to  the  State. 
I  spoke  to  him  after  the  meeting  of  the  Commissions,  and  obtained  his 
consent  to  serve  in  this  way.  I  recommend  his  appointment  by  the 
Governor  and  Council. 

It  was  at  the  first  meeting  of  the  Commissions  that- the  resolutions 
communicated  to  this  body,  and  upon  which  it  has  since  acted,  were 
adopted,  in  regard  to  an  appropriation  of  money  to  aid  in  increasing 
the  means  of  transportation  on  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad. 

I  returned  to  Columbia  in  the  night  train  of  Friday,  immediately 
after  the  business  above  referred  to  was  completed. 

I.  W.  HAYNE, 
Chief  of  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police. 


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REPORT 

OF  TIIE.  SUB-COMMITTEE  ON  THE  REPORT  OF  THE 
CHIEF  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  TREASURY  AND 
FINANCE. 


The  sub-committee  of  the  Committee  of  Twenty-one,  to  whom  was 
referred  the  "Report  of  the  Chief  of  the  Department  of  Treasury  and 
Finance,"  beg  leave  respectfully  to  report,  that  they  have  performed 
the  duty  assigned  them,  and  find  that  the  affairs  of  this  Department 
have  been  managed  with  great  fidelity  and  accuracy. 

All  the  books  and  vouchers  have  been  carefully  examined,  and  the 
accounts  found  to  be  correct  and  eminently  satisfactory. 

R.  B.  RHETT,  Chairman, 
THOS.  Y.  SIMONS, 
WM.  D.  JOHNSON. 


N 


EEPORT 

OF   THE 

CHIEF    OF    THE   DEPARTMENT 

OF 

TREASURY  AND  FINANCE 

TO 

HIS  EXCELLENCY  GOVERNOR  PICKENS. 

17 


REPORT. 


EXECUTIVE  COUNCIL,  SOUTH  CAROLINA, 

Department  of  Treasury  and  Finance, 

Columbia,  August  1st,  1862. 
To  His  Excellency  Gov.  Pickens  : 

Sir  :  In  accordance  with  your  request,  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  a 
Report  upon  the  transactions  of  the  Department  of  the  Treasury  and  of 
Finance. 

This  Department  was  assigned  by  the  Governor  and  Council  to  the 
Hon.  Wm.  H.  Gist  and  myself,  under  the  Ordinance  of  the  Convention, 
entitled  an  "  Ordinance  to  strengthen  the  Executive  during  the  cxigen- 
cies  of  the  present  war."  My  associate  having  been  subsequently 
appointed  Chief  of  the  Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture, 
the  duties  of  this  Department  havex  since  that  time,  devolved  princi- 
pally upon  me. 

Rules  for  the  management  of  this  Department  were  adopted  by  the 
Governor  and  Council,  ou  the  17h  of  January,  1862.  A  copy  of  these 
rules  are  herewith  submitted,  marked  A.  By  these  rules  the  Chiefs  of 
the  Treasury  ware  required  to  ascertain  what  funds  were  subject  to  the 
drafts  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  and  what  demands  existed  against 
the  said  funds;  to  enforce  the  proper  accounting  of  disbursing  officers, 
and  to  require  to  be  submitted,  whenever  practicable,  estimates  for  expen- 
ditures, before  advances  were  made  from  the  said  fuuds;  to  adjust  and 
present  for  payment  such  claims  of  the  State  against  the  Confederate 
Government  as  had  not  been  entrusted  to  other  hands;  and  to  keep 
regular  accounts  of  the  receipts  aud  disbursements  of  the  Department, 
and  exhibit  them  to  the  Governor  and  Council  whenever  required. 

The  only  fund  upon  which  drafts  have  been  drawn  by  the  Governor 
and  Council  has  been  that  derived  from  the  sale  of  stocks  issued  under 
the  Act  of  Assembly  passed  in  December,  1861,  and  entitled  "  An  Act 
to  authorize  the  issue  of  stock  to  the  amount  of  §1,800,000,  for  the 
military  defence  of  the  State,  and  for  other  purposes."  The  funds 
arisiug  from  the  sale  of  this  stock  were  subjected  to  the  order  of  the 

I 


Governor  by  the  Appropriation  Act  of  1861,  and  these  funds  have 
been  drawn  and  disbursed,  in  every  instance,  upon  your  Excellency's 
drafts  upon  the  Treasury  and  checks  on  the  Bank  cf  the  State  and  its 
Branch  in  Columbia,  countersigned  by  one  of  the  Chiefs  of  the  T*  ea.su  ry. 

From  the  Statements  1  aud  2  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  Lower  division, 
herewith  submitted  as  Exhibit  B,  it  will  appear  that  of  the  §1,800,000 
authorized  to  be  raised  by  the  Act  of  1801,  there  has  been  realized, 
from  the  subscriptions  of  sundry  Banks  of  this  State  to  the  stock  issued 
under  the  said  Act,  including-  interest,  the  sum  of  81,521,180  81. 
The  difference  between  the  principal  of  this  sum  aud  the  whole 
issue  authorized  by  the  Act  (§285,290),  is  the  proportion  of  the  Bank 
of  the  State  to  the  said  subscription.  For  this  balance  of  stock  unsold, 
no  issue,  as  I  am  informed,  will  be  made,  but  the  said  sum  will  be 
advanced  by  the  Bank  of  the  State  as  the  exigencies  of  the  Treasury 
may  require.  Of  the  cash  realized  from  the  sales  of  the  said  stock, 
3300,000  was  appropriated  by  the  last  Legislature  to  the  payment  of 
the  loan  to  the  State,  made  by  certain  Banks  under  the  resolution  of 
the  General  Assembly,  adopted  at  its  extra  session,  held  in  November, 
1861.  This  last  sum,  together  with  the  interest  thereon  (82,803  09), 
deducted  from  the  cash  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  stock,  will  give 
81,218,377  72.  The  amount  paid  into  the  Treasury  by  the  Bank  of 
the  State,  according  to  the  statement  of  the  Treasurer  of  the  Lower 
Division,  is  81,254,706  98,  which  is  836,329  26  in  "excess  of  the 
proceeds  of  sales,  after  providing  for  the  loan  of  8300,000,  aud  is  to 
be  reimbursed  to  the  Bank  from  the  value  of  stock  unsold.  Exhibit 
B.,  No.  3,  will  show  the  details  of  this  computation.  As  to  the  periods 
at  which  the  stock  was  sold,  it  may  be  proper  to  state  that  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Bank  of  the  State  found  it  impracticable,  as  I  am  informed 
by  him,  to  act  upon  the  suggestion  of  your  Excellency,  that  the  stock 
should  be  sold  only  as  the  demands  upon  the  Treasury  might  require, 
and  thus  avoid  the  loss  of  interest  which  the  State  would  otherwise 
incur.  The  Banks  which  subscribed  for  the  stock,  having  setf  opart 
funds  for  that  purpose,  were  unwilling  to  postpone  their  investments, 
or  hold  their  quotas  idle,  and  hence  the  sales  were  made  at  the  times 
mentioned  in  the  Statement  of  the  Treasurer. 

The  accompanying  account  marked  C,  exhibits  in  detail,  all  the 
receipts  and  disbursements  by  the  Governor  aud  Council  up  to  the  date 
of  this  report.  The  aggregate  of  expenditures  is  8938,235  57.  The 
items  which  make  up  this  sum,  are  arranged  under  the  different  heads 
of  disbursements  for  the  respective  departments  of  the  Council  and  for 


133 

the  contingent  expenses  of  the  Executive  and  Adjutant  General's  De- 
partments. The  amount  expended  for  each  of  these  Departments  is  as 
follows : 

For  the  Department  of  Military $826,404  82 

For  the  Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture 89,G84  57 

For  the  Department  of  Justice  and  Police 15,985  48 

For  the  contingent  expenses  of  Executive  and  Adjutant 

General's  Departments  6,160  70 

All  of  the  purposes  for  which  the  above  expenditures  were  made, 
were,  strictly  speaking,  for  the  military  defence  of  the  State,  being 
directly  or  indirectly  connected  therewith.  But  I  have  thought  it  best 
to  make  the  classification  above  indicated,  so  as  to  show  the  expenses 
of  each  Department,  and  to  make  the  general  accounts  of  the  Treasury 
harmonize  with  and  corroborate  the  separate  reports  of  the  different 
Departments. 

In  accordance  with  the  rules  of  this  Department  I  have  required  that 
all  advances  of  funds  should  be  preceded,  whenever  practicable,  by 
requisitions  approved  by  the  head  of  the  proper  Department  and  passed 
for  payment  by  the  Governor  and  Council.  The  accounts  of  the  various 
Military  Bureaus  have  also  been  critically  examined  with  their  vouchers, 
and  being  approved  aud  certified  have  beeu  deposited  with  the  Chief 
of  the  Department  of  the  Military.  I  respectfully  request  that  the 
books  and  vouchers,  from  which  the  accounts  now  submitted  are  pre- 
pared, may  be  examined  and  passed  upon  by  such  Committee  as  your 
Excellency  may  select,  or  such  as  the  Convention  or  Legislature  may 
designate. 

The  abstracts,  marked  D.,  which  accompany  this  report,  exhibit  in  a 
condensed  form  the  present  condition  of  the  stock  and  cash  account  and 
the  balances  thereof  still  subject  to  draft  under  the  Appropriation  Act 
of  1861.     The  said  balances  at  this  date  are  as  follows  : 

For  Stock  unsold 0285,290  02 

Less  advanced  by  Bank 36,329  26 

248,960  74 

For  Cash  in  State  Treasury 254,706  98 

For  Cash  in  Bank  of  State 69,636  13 

For  Cash  in  Branch  Bank,  Columbia 24,196  37—348,539  48 

Aggregate  balance  of  Stock  and  Cash..  §597,500  22 

This  balance,  still  subject  to  the  order  of  the  Governor  and  Council, 


134 

will,  in  all  probability,  be  increased,  at  no  distant  day,  by  tbe  receipt 
from  the  Confederate  Government  of  tbe  amount  expended  by  the  State 
upon  the  iron-clad  gunboat  now  in  course  of  construction,  in  Charleston, 
uuder  the  order  of  the  Convention,  and  which  boat  the  said  Govern- 
ment has  agreed  to  take  at  its  cost.  The  amount  thus  far  paid  on 
account  of  this  boat  is  §170,000  This  sum  has  beeu  drawn  from  the 
fund  arising  from  the  stock  sold  under  the  Act  of  the  Legislature  for 
the  defence  of  the  State,  without  resort  to  the  appropriation  of  the 
Convention  for  that  specific  object.  The  above  balance  of  cash  on 
hand  may  be  still  further  increased  over  $100,000,  by  fuuds  arising 
from  the  sale  of  Ordnance,  Quartermaster  and  Commissary  stores. 
These  funds  are  now  subject  to  the  order  of  the  Chief  of  Department 
of  the  Military,  to  whose  report  upon  this  subject  reference  is  here 
made. 

The  duties  imposed  upon  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  by  rule  4th  of  this 
Department,  relating  to  the  claims  of  this  State  against  the  Confederate 
Government,  have  been  extended  by  certain  resolutions  introduced  by 
your  Excellency,  and  adopted  by  the  Council.  A  copy  of  these  resolu- 
tions are  appended,  marked  E.  Previous  to  the  organization  of  the 
present  Executive  Council,  my  predecessor  in  the  Treasury  Department, 
General  W.  G.  DeSaussure,  had  prepared  aud  presented  the  claims  of 
this  State  against  the  Confederate  Government,  up  to  the  1st  of  July, 
1861.  These  claims  he  was  not  allowed  the  opportunity  fully  to  audit 
during  his  attendance  at  Richmond  for  that  purpose.  And  upon  the 
assurance  that  the  said  claims  would  be  verified  during  his  absence,  he 
left  them  with  the  Auditor  of  the  Confederate  States  Treasury,  together 
with  the  necessary  vouchers,  and  returned  home.  Since  that  time  no 
information  has  been  received  if?  response  to  my  inquiries  as  to  what 
progress,  if  any,  had  been  made  in  auditing  the  said  claims.  In 
February  last  $250,000  00  was  paid  by  the  Confederate  Government 
to  Gen.  DeSaussure,  on  account  of  the  claims  of  this  State,  which  sum 
was  by  him  deposited  in  the  Treasuiy,  where  it  now  remains.  As  to 
the  claims  which  have  accrued  since  the  1st  of  July,  1SG1,  no  defi- 
nite result  has  as  yet  been  attained,  although  some  progress  has  been 
made  in  their  ascertainment.  I  have  called  upon  the  heads  of  the 
difl'creut  Military  Bureaus  in  the  State  for  reports  upon  their  operations 
duriug  my  term  of  office.  When  these  are  submitted,  I  will  be  pre- 
pared to  complete  the  adjustment  now  in  progress  of  the  claims  against 
the  Confederate  Government,  which   have  accrued  within  that  period. 

Having  been   called  by  the    orders    of  the    Governor  aud  Council 


135 

to  other  duties  in  connection  with  the  military  defence  of  the  State, 
I  was  furnished  by  them  for  one  month  with  the  assistance  of  Gen- 
eral James  Jones,  to  whose  systematic  and  business  habits  I  am  much 
indebted,  not  only  in  auditing  a  portion  of  the  accounts,  but  for  the 
arrangement  and  classification  of  the  books  and  business  of  the  Depart- 
ment. I  have  the  honor  to  be,  very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

W.  W.  HARLLEE, 
Chief  of  Department  of  Treasury  and  Finance. 


136 
EXHIBIT   A. 


Executive  Council  Chamber, 

January  17,  1802. 
Rules  for  the    Management  of  the   Department  of  the   Treasury  and 
Finance,  adopted  by  the  Governor  and  Executive  Council. 

RULE  I.  The  Chiefs  of  the  Department  of  Treasury  and  Finance 
shall  proceed  without  delay  to  ascertain  from  the  proper  Officers  a  state- 
ment of  the  funds  in  the  Treasury  of  the  State,  subject  to  the  drafts 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  under  the  powers  conferred  on  them  by 
the  Ordinance  of  the  Convention,  and  the  appropriations  of  the  Legis- 
lature which  may  be  so  subject,  as  well  as  ascertain  what  other  sums 
which  may  come  into  the  Public  Treasury  that  may  be  subject  to  the 
drafts  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  from  anysources;  also  the  present 
demands  upon  the  Treasury,  for  expenditures,  purchases  of  all  descrip- 
tions, for  transportation  of  troops,  munitions  of  war  and  other  supplies, 
and  report  the  same  to  the  Governor  and  Council. 

Rule  II.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Chiefs  of  said  Department,  or 
either  of  them,  to  require  all  disbursing  officers  in  the  military  service 
of  the  State,  and  all  others  entrusted  with  public  funds  for  army  pur- 
poses, to  account  at  such  stated  periods  as  may  be  fixed  by  them  for 
disbursements  of  money  entrusted  to  them,  and  produce  proper  vouchers 
therefor,  and  to  report  the  same  to  the  Governor  and  Couucil ;  also  to 
require  estimates  to  be  submitted  by  such  officers,  with  the  approval  of 
the  Chief  of  the  Military  Department,  of  the  necessary  expenditures 
for  the  military  services  of  the  State,  or  for  the  purposes  of  police,  &c, 
when  the  same  is  practicable,  before  the  funds  are  advanced  to  them  • 
and  when  practicable,  such  estimates  shall  be  submitted  to  the  Governor 
and  Council,  and  such  advances  as  are  made,  and  the  amounts  thereof, 
shall  be  determined  on  by  the  Governor  and  Council  prior  to  such 
advance. 

Rule  III.  All  drafts  on  the  Treasury  and  the  Dank  of  the  State, 
authorized  to  be  drawn  !  y  the  Governor  and  Council,  under  the  Ordi- 
nance of  the  Convention,  or  by  the  Governor,  for  military  purposes, 
under  the  Acts  of  the  Legislature,  shall  be  countersigned  by  either  of 
the  Chiefs  of  said  Department. 

Rule  IV.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Chiefs  of  said  Department, 
or  one  of  them,  to  present  for  settlement  and  receive  from  the  Con- 
federate Government,  such  sums  of  money  as  may  be  due  to  this  State 


137 

for  advances  made  by  this  State,  properly  chargeable  to  the  Confederate 
Government,  and  to  receipt  for  the  same,  except  such  claims  as  are 
already  in  the  hands  of  Hon.  "W.  G.  DeSaussure,  lately  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Treasury,  and  such  as,  by  the  laws  of  the  State,  he  may 
be  required  to  receipt  for.  All  sums  so  received  by  the  Chiefs  of  said 
Department,  or  either  of  them,  shall  be  deposited  in  the  State  Trea- 
sury, and  reported  to  the  Governor  and  Council  without  delay. 

Rule  V.  The  Chiefs  of  the  said  Department  are  authorized  to  make 
a  distribution  of  the  duties  and  powers  of  the.  Department  betwixt 
themselves,  and  to  establish  such  rules  as  they  may  deem  advisable  for 
securing  the  proper  accounting  of  officers  and  others,  which  shall  be 
reported  to  and  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Governor  and  Council ; 
but  the  signature  and  acts  of  either  one  of  them  shall  be  as  valid  in  the- 
said  Department  as  if  done  by  both. 

Rule  VI.  The  Chiefs  of  the  said  Department  shall  keep  a  book  or 
books,  showing  the  transactions  thereof,  both  in  the  receipts  and  dis- 
bursements of  money,  which  shall  be  exhibited  to  the  Governor  and 
Council  at  such  stated  meetings  as  they  may  require;  and  for  this  pur- 
pose they  are  authorized  to  procure  the  services  of  a  clerk,  at  such  rate 
of  compensation  as  shall  be  fixed  by  the  Governor  and  Council. 
By  order  of  the  Governor  and  Council. 

F.  J.  MOSES,  Jr.,  Secretary. 


I 


\- 


138 


EXHIBIT  B— No.  1. 

Subscribers  to  Loan  81,800,000,  under  Art  of  Drcrmbrr,  1801. 


BY 


Bank  of  Charleston 

Bank  of  South  Carolina 

State  Bank 

Union  Bank 

Planters'  and  Mechanics'  Bank 

Farmers'  and  Exchange  Bank 

People's  Bank 

South  Western  Bailroad  Bank 

Exchange  Bank  of  Coluiuhia 

Bank  of  Hamburg 

Planters'  Bank,  Fairfield 

Bank  of  Chester 

Merchants'  Bank  of  South  Carolina 

Bank  of  Georgetown 

Bank  of  Newberry 

Bank  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina*  (not 
issued) 


Amount    Bub- 
Bcribed   for. 


1368,330 
121,621 
107,079 

121,621 

121,621 

121,621 

180,000 

93,159 

53,540 

53,540 

32,000 

36,486 

42,831 

21,416 

48,485 

276,650 


Amount  l'urn'ed. 


$368,330 

121,620 

107,070 

121,620 

121,620 

121,620 

180.000 

93,150 

53,540 

53,540 

32,000 

36,?60 

42,830 

21,410 

40,000 

285,290 


$1,800,000   §1,800,000 


Banks  that  refused  to  subscribe,  Bank  of  Camden,  Commercial  Bank 
of  Columbia. 
*This  represents  the  balance  unsold  in  hands  of  the  Bank. 


139 


EXHIBIT  B— No.  2. 

Proceeds  of  Sales  of  Seven  Per  Cent.  Stoc7c,  $1,800,000  loan,  issued 
under  Act  of  December,  1861,  and  Disbursements  of  the  same  under 
Appropriation  Act  of  December,  1801,  and  under  the  regulation  of  the 
Executive  Council. 


1862. 

Jan.  24 
Feb.  3 
Mar.  14 
Mar.  24 


Jan.  10 


May  19 


May 
Apr. 


July  17 


RECEIPTS. 

Proceeds   deposited   by   Bank 


DISBURSEMENTS! 

Paid  draft  of  Governor,  in  favor 
of  C.  M.  Furman,  President 
Bank  of  State,  under  Act  of 
December,   1861 

Paid  order  of  W.  H.  Gist,  Chief 
of_  Treasury  Department, 
under  resolution  of  Execu- 
tive Council,  deposited  in 
Bank  of  the  State,  "  subject 
to  draft  of  Governor,  counter- 
signed by  one  of  the  Chiefs 
of  Department  of  Treasury 
and   Finance" 

Paid  same  and  deposited  as 
last 


Transferred  to  Treasury  Upper 
Division,  on  draft  of  Chief 
of  Treasury  and  Finance.  ... 

Paid  F.  W.  Pickens,  Governor, 
and  W.  W.  Harllee,  Chief 
of  Treasury  and  Finance 

Balance  undrawn  7th  of  Aug. 
1862 


$688,500  00 

230,000  00 

292,872  42 

43,334  56 


$1,254,706  98 


500,000  00 


100,000  00 
100,000  00 

150,000  00 

150,000  00 


1,000,000  00 
$251,706  98 


W.  J.  LAVAL, 

Treasurer  Lower  Division. 


HO 


EXHIBIT  B— No.  3. 


Statement  thawing  Sales  of  State  Seven  Per  Cent.  Stock,  under  Act  of 
December,  1861,  by  Hank  of  tlie  State  of  South  Carolina,  and  d%$- 
position  of  the  proceeds  thereof. 


1862. 
Jan'ry    6 


March    1 


Jan'ry  24 
Feb'ry  3 
March  15 
March  28 


By  Union  Bank 

Bank  Newberry 

Bank  South  Carolina 

People's  Bank 

Planters'  and  Mechanics'  Bank 

Farmer?  and  Exchange  Bank 

Bank  of  Charleston 

Railroad  Bmk 

State  Bank 

Bank  of  Chester 

Bank  of  Hamburg 

Bank  of  Georgetown 

Merchants'  Bank,  Chcraw 

Planters'  Bank,  Fairfield 

Exchange  Bank,  Columbia 

To  the  following  Notes  and  Interest,  held 
by  the   Banks,  for  Loan  of  $300,000 
under  Act  November,  1861  : 
To  Bank  of  Hamburg  

Merchants'  Bank,  Cheraw 

Farmers'  and  Exchange  Bank 

People's  Bank  

State  Bank 

Bank  of  Charleston 

Planters'  Bank,  Fairfield 

Southwestern  Railroad  Bank 

Bank  of  Georgetown 

Bank  of  Chester 

Bunk  of  South  Carolina 

Exchange  Bank,  Columbia 

Union  Bank 

Planters'  and  Mechanics'  Bank 

Bank  of  Newborry 

Bank  of  Camden 

Commercial  Bank,  Columbia 


To  Amounts  transferred  State  Treasury. 


Balance 


$11,004  87 

8,809  78 

21,815  87 

21,749  54 

21,753  68 

68,749  33 

6,525  76 

18,978  73 

4,401  88 

6,525  77 

21,753  68 

10,876  34 

21,753  67 

21,753  63 

8,682  98 

9,959  49 

17,708  09 


$302,803  09 

$688,500  00 

230,000  00 

292,872  42 

43,334  56 


$1,557,510  07 


$121,620  00 

40,000  00 

121.793  60 

I   0,121  53 

121.908  60 

121,970  78 

369,940  80 

93,998  59 

108,  95  00 

36,664  35 

53,540  00 

21,670  56 

43,348  47 

32,337  55 

54  170  98 


$1,521,180  81 


36,329  26 


$1,557,510  07 


To  Balance  due  Bank  of  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  to  be  refunded  out 

of  the  Stock  subscribed  for  by  the  Bank,  viz.  $285,290  00 $36,329  26 


141 


CONDENSED  VIEW  OF   STATEMENTS  1,  2  AND  3,  EXHIBIT  B. 

Amount  of  Stock  authorized  by  Act  1861 $1,800,000  00 

Less  amount  of  Stock  unsold 285,290  00 


Amount  principal  of  Stock  sold 1,514,710  00 

Add  Interest  accrued  on  above  Stock  when  issued 6,470  81 


Whole  amount  realized  from  sale  of  Stock 1,521,180  81 

Less  principal  of  Loan  paid  to  Banks 8300,000  00 

Also  Interest  on  said  Loan 2,803  09      302,803  09 


Balance  proceeds  sale  of  Stock  after  payment  of  above 

Loan , 1,218,377  72 

Amount  paid  into  the  Treasury  by  Bank  of  State 1,254,706  98 


Amount   advanced    by   Bank   on    its    subscription    of 

$285,290  00 36,329  26 


142 


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EXHIBIT  D. 

Abstract   of  Account    with   State    Stock  Loan  of  SI, 800,000,  issued 
under  A.  A.,  1861,  for  the  Military  Defence  of  the  State. 


Dr. 


Cr. 


To  amount  of  Stock  directed  to  be  issued  nndax 

the  above  Act 

Amount    of    Interest    accrued   upon    Stock 
when  issued 


By  amount  applicable  under  Appropriation  Act 
of  1861  i"  the  payment  of  the  Loan  mado 
by  the  Banks  of  this  State,  under  the  res- 
olution of  the  General  Assembly,  adopted 
at  the  Extra  Session,  held  in   November, 

1861 

Interest  on  above  Loan  at  time  of  payment... 

By  amount  of  proceeds  of  sales  of  stock,  drawn 
by  the  Governor  and  by  the  Executive 
Council,  as  per  statement  of  the  Treasurer 
of  the  Lower  Division 1,000,000  00 

Balance,  Cash  in  hands  of  Treas'r..$254,706  98 

Balance  Stock  unsold...  285,290  00 

Less  advance  of  Banks.     36,329  26   248,960  74        503,667  72 


$300,000  00 
2,803  09 


$1,800,000  00 
6,470  81 


$1,806,470  81 


$1,806,470  81 


Columbia,  S.  C,  31st  July,  1862. 


Abstract  of  Cash  Account  of  Department  of  Treasury  and  Finance, 
to  Slst  July,  1862. 


Dr. 


Cr. 


To  amount  received  from  State  Treasury  from 
sales  of  Stock,  made  under  Act  of  1861, 
as  per  account  of  Treasurer  of  Lower 
Division 

To  amount  received  from  other  sources,  as  per 
account  current  of  this  Department 

By  disbursements  for  Department  of  the  Mili- 
tary  

By  disbursements  for  Department  of  Construc- 
tion and  Manufacture 

By  disbursements  for  Department  of  Justice 
and  Police 

By  disbursements  for  Executive  and  Adjutant 
General's  Departments 

Gross  sum  of  disbursements 

Balance  cash  in  Bank  of  State $69,636  13 

Balance  cash  in  Branch,  Columbia...  24,,196  37 


$826,404  82 
89,684  57 
15,985  48 
.6,160  70 


$938,235  57 
93,832  50 


$1,032,068  07 


$1,000,000  00 
32,068  07 


$1,032,068  07 


Columbia,  S.  C,  31st  July,  1862. 


153 


Statement  of  Balances  from  above  accounts,  showing  Stock  and  Cash 
subject  to  draft  of  Executive  Council. 


1862. 
July  31 

"  31 
'  "      31 

"     31 


By  stock  unsold  this  dnte,  less  adv.  of  Bank 

By  Cash  in  State  Treasury 

By  Cash  in  Bank  of  State 

By  Cash  in  Branch,  Columbia 


Aggregate  balance,  31st  July,  1862. 


$254,706  98 
69,686  13 
24,196  37 


$248,960  74 
348,539  48 


$597,500  22 


20 


154 


EXHIBIT  E. 

Resolutions  of  the  Governor  and  Council  in  relcMon   to  the  claims  of 
this  State  against  the   Oonfederatt   Stales. 

1.  Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  be  directed  to  make 
out  a  full  statement  of  the  accounts  of  South  Carolina  against  the  Con- 
federate Government,  from  the  20th  of  December,  1800,  the  day  on 
which  the  State  withdrew  from  the  old  Federal  Union,  up  to  the 
present  time. 

2.  Resolved,  That  said  statement  shall  shew  in  the  account  what 
expenses  were  incurred  by  South  Carolina  from  the  20th  of  December, 
1860,  up  to  the  8th  of  February,  1861,  the  latter  day  inclusive,  in 
sustaining  her  independent  position,  and  in  defending  the  harbor  of 
Charleston. 

3.  Resolved,  That  as  Castle  Piuckney,  Fort  Moultrie  and  Fort  John- 
son, with  all  their  heavy  armaments,  ordnance  stores,  ammunition,  and 
so  forth,  were  acquired  by  the  authorities  of  South  Carolina  within  that 
period,  and  were,  upon  the  adoption  of  the  Coufedeiate  Constitution, 
transferred  by  the  State  Convention  to  the  Confederate  Government, 
therefore,  all  the  expenses  incurred  by  the  State  herself  in  thus  acquir- 
ing them,  are  justly  chargeable  against  the  Confederate  Government, 
and  that  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  be  instructed  to  make  out  this 
account  accordingly. 

4.  Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  do  also  make  out  a  full 
statement  of  all  expenses,  from  the  8th  of  February,  1861,  up  to  the 
present  time. 

5.  Resolved,  That  the  Act  of  the  Provisional  Congress,  entitled 
"  An  Act  making  appropriations  for  the  support  of  three  thousand  men, 
for  twelve  months,  to  be  called  into  service  at  Charleston,  South  Caro- 
lina," &c,  &c,  approved  the  11th  of  March,  1861,  and  the  declaratory 
resolutions  of  the  Provisional  Congress  "  in  regard  to  the  military  ex- 
penditures made  by  the  State  of  South  Carolina,"  approved  the  10th  of 
May,  1861,  clearly  shew  that  the  sums  therein  mentioned  were  expressly 
intended  to  cover  the  military  expenditures  of  this  State,  made  previous 
to  the  regular  organization  of  the  Confederate  Government,  and  that 
they  intended  thereby  to  dispense  with  the  regular  forms  generally 
required,  of  vouchers  necessary  to  pass  accounts  before  the  Auditors  of 
the  Treasury,  as  most  of  the  expenditures  were  made  before  there  were 
any  Confederate  officers  to  make  or  acknowledge  requisitions. 


155 

6.  Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  give  credit,  in  this 
account,  for  the  $686,774  00  paid  by  the  Confederate  Government  upon 
vouchers  regularly  admitted,  leaving  $1,202,597  71  ;  and  also  for  die 
$250,000  CO  ordered  by  Congress  to  be  paid  over  to  this  State,  on  account 
of  advances  made  by  this  State  to  the  Confederate  Government; 
8250,000  00  to  be  credited  on  the  open  claims  not  yet  adjusted,  and  not 
for  accounts,  the  vouchers  of  which  were  presented  by  General  W.  G. 
DeSaUssure,  on  the  part  of  this  State,  as  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
and  most  of  which  were  admitted,  but  not  settled  for  want  of  time. 

7.  Resolved,  That  the  account  rendered  to  the  Governor  by  Colonel 
Duryca,  as  Secretary  of  the  Coast  Police,  against  the  Confederate  Gov- 
ernment, for  458  tons  of^Coal,  at  the  estimated  value  $20  per  ton, 
together  with  the  receipts  for  the  same  given  by  Brigadier  General  Rip- 
ley, Confederate  General  Commanding;  and  also  the  receipt  given  by 
General  Ripley  for  the  Howell  Cobb,  ani  her  armament,  at  the  estimated 
value  for  the  same,  $2,500  00,  be  all  put  in  proper  form  by  the  Chief  of 
the  Treasury  against  the  Confederate  Government. 

8.  Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  pass  over  to  the  credit 
of  the  Governor  aud  Council  the  amount  deposited  in  the  Bank  of  the 
State  by  Colonel  Duryea,  Secretary  of  the  Coast  Police,  85,204  07,  as 
balance  cash,  after  deducting  expenses  for  sale  of  certain  vessels,  taken 
by  orders  of  the  Governor  before  the  8th  of  February,  1861,  from  the 
Government  of  the  late  United  States. 

9.  Resolved,  That  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury  be  instructed,  as  soon 
as  an  appropriate  time  may  occur,  to  present  the  accounts  against  the 
Confederate  Government  in  proper  form,  and  urge  them  to  a  speedy 
settlement,  and  if  it  be  preferred,  he  is  hereby  authorized  to  receive 
Confederate  Bonds,  in  full  settlement  for  the  same,  as  cash. 

10.  Resolved,  That  the  Ordnance  Officer  of  the  State  be  directed  to 
furnish  an  authentic  account  of  the  arms  and  accoutrements  that  have 
been  advauced  to  the  troops  of  South  Carolina  (of  all  kinds),  that  have 
been  mustered  into  Confederate  service  from  the  8th  of  February,  1861, 
aud  an  estimated  value  of  the  same,  and  that,  upon  the  reception  of 
such  account,  with  the  official  vouchers  from  the  office  of  the  State 
Ordnance  Officer,  the  tihief  of  the  Treasury  be  directed  to  add  the 
same  to  his  account  against  the  Confederate  Government. 


r 


REPORT 

OF  THE  SUB-COMMITTEE  ON  THE  REPORT  OF  THE 
CHIEF  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  CONSTRUCTION  AND 
MANUFACTURE. 


The  sub-committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  report  of  the  Chief  of 
the  Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture,  with  the  accompa- 
nying papers,  respectfully  report: 

That  they  have  examined  that  report,  the  report  of  the  General 
Superintendent  of  the  State  Works,  and  the  accounts  therein  referred 
to;  from  which  it  appears  that  very  commendable  progress  has  been 
made  in  establishing  a  foundry  and  armory  at  Greenville  Court  House, 
on  behalf  of  the  State.  It  is  said  in  the  report  that  by  the  1st  of 
October  nest  the  Works  will  be  in  condition  to  cast  shot  and  shell,  and 
soon  afterwards  to  cast  cannon,  but  not  to  make  small  arms  for  six 
months  afterwards,  unless  the  emergency  of  the  service  should  require 
them  sooner,  which  could  be  done  by  multiplying  labor  at  increased 
expense. 

It  is  not  contemplated  to  establish  a  first  class  armory,  but  upon  a 
scale  commensurate  with  State  means,  which  may  be  increased  if 
necessity  should  require  it  hereafter. 

The  whole  amount  put  down  as  charged  to  this  Department,  up  to 
the  15th  of  August,  is  §95,212  02.  This  amount  includes  many 
items  not  properly  belonging  t& this  Department,  making  in  the  aggre- 
gate $11,666.  The  vouchers  for  the  payments  have  been  submitted  to 
the  Committee,  and  on  examination  found  correct. 
All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

SIMEON  FAIR, 
SIMPSON  BOBO, 

September  10,  1862.  P.  E.  DUNCAN. 


REPORT  OF  W.  H.  GIST, 
CHIEF  OF  THE  DEPARTMENT 


or 


CONSTRUCTION.  AND    MANUFACTURE, 


TO 


HIS  EXCELLENCY,  fiOTEKOB  PICKENS. 


REPORT. 


Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture, 

Columbia,  S.  C,  August  29th,  1862. 
To  His  Excellency  Gov.  Pickens  : 

Iu  obedieuce  to  the  call  of  your  Excellency  on  this  Department 
for  a  report  of  its  condition,  "under  the  fifth  section  of  the  Ordinance 
of  the  CoHvention  organizing  the  Executive  Council,"  I  respectfully 
report : 

That  on  the  24th  March  last,  the  Governor  and  Council  created  the 
Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture,  and  appointed  me  Chief 
of  that  Department;  and  that  I  entered  upon  its  duties  a  few  days 
afterwards.  The  most  important  duty  devolving  on  me  was  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  foundry  and  work  shops  for  casting  cannon,  making  guu 
carriages  and  the  manufacture  of  small  arms.  The  Council  having 
decided  to  establish  a  foundry  and  armory  on  a  small  scale,  authorized 
me  to  search  out  a  suitable  location  and  procure  a  site.  Before  deter- 
mining upon  the  site,  and  with  a  view  to  get  all  the  information  neces- 
sary to  secure  a  proper  location,  with  reference  to  motive  power, 
suitable  iron,  timber,  and  other  things  necessary  to  success  in  making 
ordnance  and  small  arms,  I  sent  a  special  agent  to  Richmond,  and  with 
the  assistance  of  the  authorities  procured  the  services  of  Mr.  Campbell, 
who  was  engaged  at  the  Tredegar  Works,  a  man  of  intelligence,  expe- 
rience, and  familiar  with  manufacturing  arms  and  munitions  of  war. 
In  company  with  him  and  Mr.  D.  Lopez,  the  General  Superintendent 
of  the  State  Works,  I  visited  the  Nesbit  and  King's  Mountain  Iron 
Works,  and  obtained  reliable  information  in  relation  to  the  other  iron 
works  in  the  State.  The  pig  iron  made  by  the  King's  Mountain  Iron 
Company,  in  York  District,  was  critically  examined  by  Mr.  Campbell, 
and,  in  his  opinion,  was  well  adapted  to  casting  cannon;  but  he  assured 
us  that  nothing  but  the  powder  test  could  be  relied  on  with  certainty, 
and  advised  that  a  lot  of  the  iron  should  be  sent  to  Richmond  to  be 
cast  into  cannon,  and  subjected  to  that  test.  Accordingly  ten  tons  were 
sent,  and  we  had  the  promise  of  Col.  Gorgas  that  he  would  cast  and 
test  the  cannon.  The  defence  of  the  capital  being  of  paramount  con- 
21 


1G2 

i 

sideration,  the  test  was  not  made  for  some  time,  and  no  official  report 
has  yet  been  made  to  me  on  the  subject;  but  one  of  our  ageuts  who 
was  in  Richmond  at  the  time,  and  others  that  witnessed  the  experi- 
ment, inform  me  that  a  24-poundcr  was  cast,  bored  and  subjected  to  a 
severe  and  unusual  test,  and  that  the  trial  was  highly  satisfactory  and 
established  beyond  doubt  that  the  iron  was  entirely  suitable  for  casting 
ordnance.  It  was  our  intention  to  bring  the  gun  to  South  Carolina  for 
the  use  of  the  State,  but  Col.  Gorgas  was  unwilling  to  spare  it,  and 
upon  his  proposing  to  pay  for  the  iron,  I  consented  that  the  Confederate 
Government  should  keep  it.  Mr.  Campbell  informed  me  that  there 
were  but  few  places  in  the  Confederacy  where  iron  suitable  for  cannon 
was  made,  and  that,  therefore,  it  was  of  great  importance  to  be  sure  of 
a  supply  of  such  iron.  Although  a  limited  quantity  of  this  iron  is 
now  made,  yet  if  necessary  it  can  be  largely  increased,  the  ore  being 
abundant  and  the  facilities  for  making  it  at  our  command.  The  impres- 
sion that  iron  ore  which  makes  tough  malleable  iron  will  necessarily 
be  suitable  for  casting  cannon  is  an  error,  and  has  been  demonstrated  to 
be  so  in  many  instances.  To  shew  the  importance  of  having  proper 
iron  for  casting  cannon  it  is  only  necessary  to  state,  that  the  Confeder- 
ate Government  was  compelled  to  transport  iron  all  the  way  from  New 
Orleans  to  Richmond  to  mix  with  other  iron  to  make  it  answer  the  pur- 
pose. 

Greenville  Court  House  was  selected  as  the  best  place  in  my  judg- 
ment to  establish  the  "State  Works;"  after  consultation  with  our 
General  Superintendent,  a  gentleman  of  great  ability  and  very  conver- 
sant with  manufacturing  in  all  its  branches,  and  with  Mr.  Campbell, 
who  has  had  a  large  experience,  is  entirely  disinterested,  and  whose 
opinion  therefore  is  entitled  to  great  respect.  The  reasons  in  detail  for 
the  selection  of  Greenville,  over  other  places,  have  been  already  given 
in  my  report  to  the  Governor  and  Council,  in  relation  to  the  location 
of  the  "  works,"  was  approved  by  them,  and  is  appended  to  this 
report.  Among  other  reasons,  Mr.  V.  McRee  made  a  present  to  the 
State  of  twenty  acres  of  land  near  the  village  and  directly  on  the  rail- 
road, for  which  he  had  refused  to  take  less  than  two  hundred  dollars  an 
acre,  and  for  which  gift  he  is  justly  entitled  to  the  thanks  of  the 
State.  It  was  important  that  the  "  works"  should  be  located'  imme- 
diately on  a  line  of  railroad  to  facilitate  the  transportation  of  heavy 
ordnance.  In  fact,  ten  inch  Columbiads  and  other  heavy  guns  cannot 
be  transported  in  any  other  way  without  immense  cost  and  labor.  It 
was  desirable,  other  things  being  equal,  to  locate  the  "  works  "  as  near 


163 

as  possibte  to  the  iron  works  from  which  the  supply  of  iron  was  to  be 
furnished,  but  to  do  so,  the  transportation  of  heavy  guns,  gun  carriages, 
shot  and  shell  down  to  Columbia  would  have  to  be  made  over  two  roads, 
instead  of  a  continuous  road  passing  directly  through,  and  so  of  the 
coal  and  other  things  necessary  for  the  works,  going  up  to  Greenville. 
Besides,  the  bridge  on  the  Spartanburg  &  Union  llailroad  is  not  regarded 
as  safe  for  very  heavy  freight,  and  might  give  way  at  a  time  when  it  would 
be  important  to  send  heavy  guns  over  it.  It  is  true  the  value  of  the  iron 
will  be  enhanced  by  additional  transportation,  but  for  the  reasons  above 
given,  and  others  in  my  report  above  alluded  to,  this  is  more  than 
counterbalanced  by  the  advantages  enumerated. 

Soon  after  the  selection  of  the  site  we  commenced  putting  up  the 
necessary  bujldings  for  a  foundry  and  work  shops,  and  considering  the 
difficulty  of  procuring  materials  and  skilled  labor,  have  progressed 
rapidly.  In  the  meantime  temporary  work  shops  were  established  in 
Columbia  for  repairing  arms,  which  have  enabled  us  to  repair  and  put  in 
fine  condition  a  considerable  number  of  arms,  changing  old  flint  and 
steel  locks  to  percussion,  altering  bayonets  to  fit,  making  new  stocks 
when  necessary,  aud  also  making  a  large  number  of  pikes,  details  of  which 
you  will  find  in  the  report  of  the  General  Superintendent  accompanying 
this  report. 

At  your  suggestion,  meeting  my  hearty  approval,  and  confirmed  by 
the  Council,  we  purchased  a  fine  lot  of  machinery  in  Charleston,  when 
the  city  was  seriously  threatened,  and  removed  it  to  Greenville,  even 
before  we  had  commenced  building  there.  If  the  city  had  beeu  cap- 
tured, there  was  no  other  place  in  the  State  where  shell  or  shot  could 
be  immediately  cast,  and  if  the  machinery  in  the  city  had  been  lost, 
it  could  not  have  been  supplied  without  great  difficulty  and  at  an 
enormous  expense.  Richmond  and  Nashville,  Tennessee,  were  also 
seriously  threatened  and  in  great  danger  of  capture.  New  Orleans, 
where  an  armory  was  in  operation,  was  in  danger,  as  its  subsequent 
capture  demonstrated.  At  that  time  the  condition  of  affairs  was 
gloomy,  and  the  prospect  was  that  the  Confederate  Government  could 
not  supply  the  troops  with  arms  and  ammunition.  Under  these  cir- 
cumstances, and  with  the  danger  of  invasion  extending  even  into  the 
interior,  it  would  have  been  culpable  negligence  not  to  prepare  for  it, 
by  endeavoring  to  supply  ourselves  with  the  means  of  defence.  The 
first  arms  manufactured  were  pikes,  not  because  we  considered  them 
equal  to  the  rifle  or  musket,  but  because  they  were  made  more  rapidly, 
and  were  better  than  no  arms  at  all,  and  may  yet  be  needed. 


.      164 

The  machinery  obtained  from  Charleston,  though  #bry  valuable,  was 
not  sufficient  for  our  purposes,  but  through  the  Indefatigable  exertions 
of  our  General  Superintendent,  Mr.  ]).  Lopez,  we  succeeded  iu  pro- 
curing the  machinery  removed  from  Nashville,  Tennessee,  when  the 
enemy  got  possession  of  the  town.  This  machinery  was  estimated  to 
be  worth,  at  the  time  we  received  it,  twenty-three  thousand  dollars 
($23,000);  at  the  preseut  rate  about  fifty  per  cent.  more.  The  terms 
upon  which  we  received  the  machinery  were  very  favorable, 
saving  the  State  of  South  Carolina  from  advancing  mone}'  at 
a  time  when  there  were  so  many  drains  upon  her  resources.  It 
was  arranged  with  Governor  Harris  that  the  State  of  South  Carolina 
should  take  the  machinery  and  give  a  receipt  for  it,  subject  to 
settlement  at  a  fair  price  at  the  end  of  the  war.  Had  he  insisted  on 
selling  it  to  the  State,  and  required  a  cash  payment  at  the  time,  it 
would  have  deprived  the  State  of  the  use  of  money  necessary  for  other 
purposes,  and,  what  is  worse,  the  market  price  now  for  such  machinery 
is  enormous. 

On  my  retirement  from  office  as  Governor,  the  State  had  on  hand 
over  one  hundred  pieces  of  ordnance  and  thirty-two  thousand  stand  of 
small  arms,  including  those  in  the  United  States  Arsenal  in  Charleston, 
which  we  could  have  at  any  time  commanded;  and  exclusive  of  tho 
public  arms  in  the  hands  of  the  militia,  many  of  which  had  been 
recently  issued,  and  some  of  them  of  the  most  approved  patterns;  so 
that  the  State  was  at  that  time  well  supplied  with  arms.  Since  then, 
up  to  November,  1861,  the  State  has  sent  to  Virginia,  in  the  hands  of 
her  troops  and  otherwise,  eleven  thousand  two  hundred  and  sixty  stand 
of  arms,  besides  a  considerable  number  of  swords  and  pistols.  Seven 
thousand  staud  have  also  been  sent  to  Florida,  Pensacola  and  Memphis, 
making  a  total  of  eighteen  thousand  two  hundred  and  sixty  sent  out  of 
the  State;  and  the  Confederate  Government,  upon  an  application  of 
your  Excellency,  has  refused  to  return  those  in  their  possession,  leaving 
it  to  the  State  to  make  a  charge  for  them,  in  her  account  with  that 
Government. 

Tnat  the  State  should  always  have  a  moderate  supply  of  arms  on 
hand,  cannot  admit  of  doubt.  My  opinions  on  that  subject  are 
better  expressed  than  I  can  express  them  in  the  report  made  by  Col. 
E.  Manigault  to  the  Ordnance  Board  on  the  21st  of  November,  1861. 
He  says:  "If  the  State  is  sovereign,  as  we  all  hold  she  is,  she  is 
sovereign  as  well  in  war  as  in  peace,  and  for  warlike  as  well  as 
peaceful    purposes.     To    claim  sovereignty  without  the  readiness,  or 


165 

even  the  disposition  to  defend  that  sovereignty  by  force  of  arms, 
is  simply  absurd.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  State,  therefore,  to  retain 
the  meaDS  of  defence,  and  not  to  give  up  to  any  other  power 
whatever  all  her  military  material,  and  in  so  doimr  shift  %>m  her 
own  shoulders  the  duty  and  labor  of  her  defence.  It  took  thirty  years 
for  South  Carolina  to  accumulate  the  ordnance  material,  small  though 
it  was,  which  was  in  her  arsenal  when  the  troubles  began.  If  she 
give  up  all  her  material,  when  will  she  be  again  supplied  ?  One  of  the 
most  powerful  arguments  used  against  the  State's  acting,  either  alone 
or  in  cooperation,  against  the  encroachmeuts  of  the  Federal  Govern- 
ment, was  that  she  had  not  the  material  preparation  which  would  enable 
her  to  support  that  hostile  attitude.  As  long  as  the  political  atmos- 
phere appeared  serenef  it  was  impossible  to  induce  the  Legislature  to 
make  appropriations  for  procuring  military  material,  and  when  the 
storm  appeared  there  was  no  time  for  it,  and  the  State  was  warned  by 
those  opposed  to  action,  that  she  was  totally  unprepared  for  war. 
Against  a  recurrence  of  this  difficulty  I  would  endeavor  to  guard  by 
recommending  that  the  State  should  always  have  on  hand  one  hundred 
pieces  of  heavy  artillery,  of  the  most  approved  patterns  and  manufac- 
ture, about  eight  full  batteries  of  the  best  field  artillery,  and  ten  thou- 
sand stand  of  small  arms  for  infantry,  together  with  a  proportionate 
number  of  carbines,  pistols  and  sabres  for  the  use  of  cavalry.  The  oc- 
currences of  this  summer  and  autumn  demonstrate  clearly  that  the 
State  should  not  rely  entirely  upon  the  arms  of  the  Confederate 
Government  for  her  protection  against  a  foreign  enemy." 

The  whole  amount  put  down  in  the  books  of  the  Chief  of  the  Treasury 
as  chargeable  to  this  Department  up  to  the  15th  August,  (with  the 
exception  of  $476  65,  with  which  the  Department  had  nothing  to  do, 
being  money  paid  D.  Lopez,  Esq.,  directly  by  the  Governor  and  Coun- 
cil before  trre  Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture  was  estab- 
lished,) is  $95,212  02.  This  includes  many  items  not  properly  belonging 
to  this  Department;  as  for  instance,  amount  paid  for  cotton  cards  to  be 
sold  at  cost  to  soldiers'  families,  83,780;  cost  of  removing  bells  from 
the  city  of  Charleston,  when  the  city  was  in  danger  of  capture,  SI, 704; 
cash  paid  for  iron  to  make  spikes  fur  the  Confederate  gunboat  and  to 
be  refunded  the  State,  S982  ;  cash  paid  for  bacon  not  necessaYy  to  be  used 
at  the  "works"  and  subject  to  the  orders  of  the  Chief  of  the  Military, 
say  $5,000;  making  an  aggregate  of  $11,666. 

In  view  of  the  probability  of  the  fall  of  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  we 
have  accumulated  a  considerable  quantity  of  coal,  very  little  of  which 


106 

has  been  used  up  to  this  time.  We  have  also  on  hand  a  considerable 
quantity  of  steel,  iiles,  iron,  copper,  brass  and  other  materials  fur  the 
manufacture  of  arms  and  munitions  of  war;  which  will  make  the  out- 
lay for  tii-  rest  of  the  year  much  less  than  it  has  been  in  the  time  past; 
and  we  have  already  saved  for  the  State  in  the  repairs  of  arms,  making 
pikes,  caissons,  battery  wagons,  twenty-two  thousand  eight  hundred  and 
ninety-three  dollars  ($22,893),  all  of  which  will  appear  in  Exhibit  13. 

The  expense  of  carrying  on  the  "  State  Works"  has  been  necessarily 
very  considerable,  owing  to  the  high  prices  for  skilled  labor,  material 
and  provisions.  Iron,  steel  and  many  other  articles  are  sold  at  more 
than  quadruple  the  prices  formerly  paid  for  them,  and  we  have  been 
compelled  to  purchase  files  and  other  essential  articles  that  run  the 
blockade,  at  whatever  prices  were  asked  for  them.  When  it  is  recol- 
lected that  rifles  which  sold  for  fifteen  dollars  before  the  blockade 
have  been  lately  sold  for  seventy  dollars,  and  cannon  powder  which 
heretofore  sold  for  twenty  or  twenty-five  cents  a  pound,  has  receutly 
sold  for  two  dollars  and  twenty-five  cents,  some  idea  may  be  had  of 
the  cost  of  materials  which  have  run  the  blockade  or  have  been  en- 
hanced in  value  by  it. 

By  the  first  of  October  the  "  works  "  will  be  in  condition  to  cast 
shot  and  shell,  and  soon  after  that  time  to  cast  cannon.  No  small  arms 
will  be  made  in  less  than  six  or  seven  months  unless  the  exigencies  of 
the  service  should  require  them ;  in  that  event  by  multiplying  labor 
without  regard  to  its  profitable  employment,  the  manufacture  of  small 
arms  can  be  commenced  much  sooner.  It  must  be  remembered  that 
the  same  hands  to  a  considerable  extent  necessary  to  carry  ou  a  foun- 
dry and  work-shops,  can  at  the  same  time  make  the  machinery  and. 
tools  necessary  to  manufacture  small  arms ;  and  in  that  way  the  work 
can  be  done  much  cheaper  than  by  employing  hands  exclusively  to 
make  machinery  and  fit  up  tools  for  small  arms. 

It  is  not  contemplated  to  establish  a  first  class  armory  like  the  one  at 
Springfield  or  Richmond,  but  upon  a  scale  commensurate  with  State 
means,  and  which  may  be  increased  if  necessity  should  require  it.  If 
the  war  should  continue  for  some  time,  and  more  especially  if  the 
blockade  of  Southern  ports  should  become  so  effective  as  to  prevent 
further  importation  of  arms,  it  will  be  absolutely  necessary  for  every 
armory  that  can  be  put  in  operation  to  be  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  small  arms;  and  even  if  the  war  should  end  in  a  short  time,  we  will 
to  a  considerable  extent  be  compelled  to  keep  up  our  military  organiza- 
tion and  keep  arms  in  the  hands  of  our  people  to  be  at  all  times  pre- 
pared to  repel  the  aggression  of  bad  neighbors. 


167 

With,  an  armory  to  keep  the  State  at  all  times  supplied  with  good 
arms,  and  with  the  materials  for  making  gunpowder  at  our  command, 
we  may  feel  confidence  in  our  means  of  defence.  '  The  saltpetre  plan- 
tation near  this  city,  established  by  the  Governor  and  Council,  and  in 
charge  of  the  Chief  of  the  Military  Department,  promises  to  supply 
that  indispensable  article  in  quantities  sufficient  for  our  purpose,  and 
can  be  increased  at  pleasure.  Sulphur  can  be  obtained  from  several 
places  in  the  State  at  small  cost,  and  willow,  the  only  other  material 
necessary  for  the  manufacture  of  powder,  can  be  obtained  all  over  the 
State. 

The  manufacture  of  salt,  though  properly  belonging  to  my  Depart- 
ment, was  put  under  the  charge  of  the  Chief  of  Justice  and  Police, 
before  my  Department  was  established,  and  has  never  come  under  my 
supervision. 

We  had  under  our  control  and  in  our  possession  a  large  quantity  of 
lead  received  from  various  parts  of  the  State,  some  by  gift  and  some 
by  purchase,  but  the  pressing  wants  of  the  Confederate  Government 
have  induced  us  to  turn  ofer  to  it  a  large  portion  of  the  lead.  A  great 
deal  yet  remains  in  several  of  the  upper  Districts  in  the  shape  of  pipes, 
which  the  patriotic  owners  hold  subject  to  the  call  of  the  State  when- 
ever it  is  necessary  to  have  it.  It  has  not  been  removed,  as  it  would 
be  very  inconvenient  for  the  parties  to  do  without  it,  being  used  to 
conduct  water  to  their  dwellings,  and  it  was,  therefore,  thought  advisa- 
ble to  let  it  remain  until  the  emergency  required  its  removal  and  use 
by  the  State. 

Upon  the  application  of  Captain  D.  N.  Ingraham,  of  the  Confederate 
States  Navy,  I  had  made  and  supplied  him  with  spikes  for  the  iron 
clad  gunboat  in  his  charge,  and  I  have  received,  through  the  Superin- 
tendent, payment  for  them. 

The  instructions  of  the  Governor  and  Council,  directing  me  to  pur- 
chase a  lot  of  cotton  cards  at  a  price  net  exceeding  four  dollars  and  fifty 
cents  a  pair,  and  sell  them  to  the  families  of  soldiers  at  cost,  distributing 
them  in  the  districts  where  they  were  most  needed,  according  to  the 
ratio  of  the  white  population,  has  been  attended  to,  and  partial  returns 
of  sales  have  been  made  to  me.  To  cover  the  expense  of  freight  and 
other  charges,  the  price  was  fixed  at  four  dollars  and  seventy-five  cents 
a  pair.  Some  of  the  cards  were  slightly  damaged  in  reaching  their 
destination,  and  a  few  of  the  persons  to  whom  they  were  sent  report 
each  one  pair  missing,  but  as  twenty-five  cents  is  more  than  the  actual 
cost  of  freight  per  pair,  and  no  charge  has  as  yet  been  made  for  selling, 


168 

it  is  believed  that  the  State  will  sustain  no  loss.  The  wisdom  of  the 
measure  is  fully  justified  by  the  call  for  more  on  all  hands,  and  the 
assurances  that  what  was  disposed  of  has  done  much  good,  and  by  the 
fact  that  factory  yarn  has  doubled  in  price  in  the  last  six  months,  and 
is  almost  beyond  the  reach  of  the  poor  to  purchase. 

For  a  more  detailed  account  of  the  operations  of  this  Department,  I 
refer  your  Excellency  to  the  Exhibits  marked  A.  and  B.,  aud  the  Report 
of  the  General  Superintendent  accompanying  this  report. 
All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted, 

WM.  H.  GIST, 
Chief  of  Construction  and  Manufacture. 

Note. — I  have  been  unable  to  obtain  my  report  to  the  Governor  and 
Council  in  relation  to  the  establishment  of  the  State  Works  at  Green- 
ville. It  was  ordered  to  be  filed,  but  the  then  Secretary,  Col.  F.  J. 
Moses,  cannot  find  it.  WM.  II.  GIST. 


169 


EXHIBIT  A. 

W.  II.  Gist  in  account  with  Treasury  Department  for  Cash  receiml 
on  account  of  Department  of  Construction  and  Manufacture,  and 
other pioposcs,  to  loth  of  August,  18G2. 

To  cash  to  date  as  per  account $95,208  02 

By  amount  received  and  accounted  for  by 
General  Superintendent  of  the  State 
Works  in  his  account  reudered  and 
shown    in    paper  No.    3,  attached  to    his 

report $82,539  92 

Paid  Freight  on  Machiuery  and  Stock 1,241  31 

"     for   Steel 693  01 

"     S.  Bobo  for  Iron 982  50 

"     one  double  barrelled  gun 30  00 

"     for  Coal 3,184  88 

"     for  Pike  Staves 854  50 

689,526  12 
Disbursement  for  Suridries  not  connected  with 
Department  of  Construction   and  Manufac- 
ture. 

For  Cotton  Cards §3,786  65 

"    taking     down     and      removing 
Church    Bells   from  Charleston 

to  Columbia 1,704  75 

"    Desk  for  Office 18  00 

«    Lead 172  50—85,681  90 

$95,208  02 


22 


170 


EXHIBIT  B. 


Statement  of  value  of  "Work  done  and  comprised   in    Paper  No.  1   of 
the  Report  of  General   Superintendent  of  State   }Vor\s. 


Altering  to  percussion,  rcpairiug  and  cleaning  1,620  muskets, 

at  |8  per  musket 812,960 

Repairing  and  cleaning  239    rifles,  carbines  and  double-barrel 

guns,  and  874  bayonets 817 

Building  six  caissons  and  limbers  complete 3,600 

Building  one  battery  wagon  750 

1,000    pikes 3,000 

Spikes  for  guuboat,  for  Capt.  Ingrabam 1,766 

$22,893 


REPORT 

OF    THE  GENERAL   SUPERINTENDENT   OF    THE    STATE 

WORKS. 


Office  General  Superintendent  State  Works, 
Greenville,  August  15,  1862. 
lion.  W.  H.  Gist,  Chief  of  Construction  and  Manufacture : 

Sir:  In  accordance  with  jour  directions,  I  herewith  beg  leave  to 
report  that  under  instructions  from  Col.  J.  Chcsnut,  Jr.,  Chief  of  the 
Department  of  the  Military,  received  February  25th,  1862,  I  purchased 
all  the  machinery  aud  stock  which  was  available  and  suitable  for  the 
purposes  iudicated  in  said  instructions. 

At  that  time,  the  impression  prevailing  that  (Charleston  would  be 
immediately  attacked,  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  place  it  all  beyond 
danger,  so  as  to  secure  to  the  State  the  ability  to  manufacture  such 
articles  as  might  be  essential  to  her  defence,  should  what  was  in  Charles- 
ton be  destroyed  or  abandoned. 

With  that  view,  it  was  immediately  removed  to  Columbia,  there  to 
await  the  decision  of  the  Governor  aud  Council  as  to  a  suitable  location. 
After  some  delay  in  discussions  and  examinations,  I  was  directed  to 
locate  the  works  on  a  tract  of  land  donated  to  the  State  by  Vardry 
McBee,  Esq.,  adjoining  Greenville,  and  directly  on  the  line  of  the 
Greenville  and  Columbia  Railroad.  I  commenced  to  clear  the  land  on 
the  20th  day  of  March,  and  erect  buildings  to  accommodate  the 
laborers.  Prior  to  that  period,  by  your  direction,  I  established  in 
Columbia,  iu  the  workshops  connected  with  the  "  New  State  House," 
a  temporary  shop  for  repairs  aud  alteration  of  small  arms  belonging  to 
the  State.  This  work  was  immediately  commenced,  aud  from  that  time 
has  been  in  successful  operation,  repairing,  altering  and  cleaning  arms, 
manufacturing  pikes,  caissons  aud  battery  wagons,  statement  of  which 
is  embodied  in  paper  No.  1  accompanying  this  report.  At  the  same 
time,  the  machinists  aud  blacksmiths  were  employed,  until  their 
removal  here,  iu  doing  such  work  as  was  necessary  to  the  construction 


172 

of  workshops  in  progress  at  this  place.  The  unusual  wot  season,  added 
to  the  scarcity  of  labor  in  the  country,  very  much  retarded  the  progress 
of  building  for  want  of  materials,  but  now  that  the  crops  are  laid  by, 
aud  the  labor  of  the  country  seeking  em]  loyment,  I  am  receiving  such 
as  are  necessary  to  their  completion,  and  hope  soon  to  have  them  all 
finished,  and  give  my  undivided  attention  to  manufactures. 

When  Nashville,  Tennessee,  was  evacuated  by  the  Confederate 
authorities  in  April  last,  a  part  of  the  machinery  and  stock  was  saved 
from  the  armory,  which  that  State  had  commenced  to  establish,  and 
carried  to  Atlanta,  Georgia.  I  opened  a  correspondence  with  Governor 
Harris,  and  found  that  the  State  of  Tennessee  would  place  at  the  dis- 
posal of  this  State  all  the  machinery  and  stock  saved.  By  direction  of 
the  Governor  and  Council,  I  proceeded  to  Atlanta  and  succeeded  in 
obtaining  it  all.  Governor  Harris  directed  his  agents  to  turn  it  all 
over  to  the  State  of  South  Carolina,  subject  to  future  settlement.  As 
agent  of  the  State  I  received  it,  and  secured  the  services  of  such  work- 
men as  had  been  engaged  in  the  Nashville  armory  and  workshops, 
removed  the  machinery  and  stock  to  this  place,  the  workmen  to  the 
shops  in  Columbia  to  be  employed  in  altering  and  repairing  small  arms, 
while,  at  the  same  time,  1  commenced  erecting  a  shop  at  these  works 
to  receive  and  put  in  operation  the  machinery.  Paper  No.  2  is  an 
inventory  of  all  articles  received  from  the  State  of  Tennessee,  and  I 
refer  you  to  my  report  under  date  of  May  1st,  18G2,  for  the  full  par- 
ticulars relating  to  that  subject. 

The  workshop  for  this  department  is  completed,  the  machinery  set 
up  and  in  operation  ;  much  of  it  was  injured  and  some  parts  lost,  in  its 
removal  from  Nashville,  aud  some  had  never  been  completed,  which 
have  been  repaired,  replaced  and  completed,  and  I  am  now  making 
and  obtaining  what  new  machines  are  necessary  to  commence  manu- 
facturing arms. 

Desirous  of  putting  to  immediate  use  the  skilled  labor  brought  from 
Atlanta  with  the  machinery,  I  have  necessarily  been  retarded  in  com- 
pleting those  shops  which  were  necessary  in  carrying  out  the  original 
intention  of  these  works;  that  being  now  accomplished,  it  is  not  in- 
tended to  permit  the  small  arm  factory  to  do  so  in  the  future,  but  to 
make  that  branch  as  far  as  practicable  separate  and  distinct,  the  inten- 
tion being  to  put  it  upon  such  a  basis  as  will  enable  the  State  to 
manufacture  arms  to  a  limited  extent  at  first,  but  so  arranged  that  the 
facilities  can  be  increased  at  any  future  time. 

I  have  of  the  land  donated  to  the  State  enclosed  a  space  of  six  hun- 


173 

drcd  by  seven  hundred  feet,  and  have  now  erected  a  carpenters'  shop 
one  hundred  feet  by  forty  feet,  with  suitable  machinery  for  constructing 
field  and  siege  gun  carriages,  caissons,  battery  wagons,  forges,  sabots, 
tents,  and  all  other  articles  necessary  for  field  uses.  It  is  driven  by  a 
twenty-five  horse  power  engine,  and  is  in  operation  at  present  in  pushing 
to  completion  our  works,  and  will  soon  be  used  in  manufacturing  the 
articles  referred  to.  I  have  erected,  as  before  stated,  a  shop  for  the 
small  arm  machinery,  one  hundred  by  fifty  feet,  and  have  that  in 
operation,  driven  by  an  engine  of  fifteen  to  twenty  horse  power. 
Another  machine  shop  is  completed,  one  hundred  by  fifty  feet,  and  the 
machinery  for  the  heavy  work  is  now  being  placed  in  it,  to  be  driven 
by  an  engine  of  thirty  horse  power  now  to  place.  I  expect  to  have 
this  shop  in  full  operation  in  three  or  four  weeks.  The  blacksmith 
shop,  one  hundred  feet  by  fifty  feet,  is  up  and  occupied,  it  contains 
eighteen  forges,  with  space  for  twenty  more;  it  is  supplied  with  three 
trip  hammers,  nearly  completed,  two  for  welding  gun  barrels,  and  one 
large  one  for  heavy  smithwork  generally.  This  shop  adjoins  the 
foundry,  which  is  of  brick,  one  hundred  and  fifteen  by  fifty-five  feet, 
twenty-eight  feet  high;  this  building  is  all  completed,  but  the  roof  has 
been  delayed  for  lumber,  which  I  am  now  receiving. 

On  the  premises  are  also  erected  an  office  forty  by  twenty  feet,  a 
store  house  sixty  by  twenty-five  feet,  a  smoke  house,  forty  by  eighteen 
feet,  an  iron  receiving  and  store  house,  thirty-five  by  sixteen  feet,  a 
living  house  for  negroes,  sixty  by  sixteen  feet,  a  hospital,  three  kitchens, 
and  stables,  tool  house,  &c. 

The  water  arrangements,  which  are  near  completion,  consist  of  an 
ample  well,  yielding  a  full  supply,  the  water  from  which  is  forced 
through  wooden  pipes,  six  hundred  feet  in  length,  to  the  highest  point 
of  the  lot,  obtaining  a  head  of  forty  feet;  it  is  received  in  a^brick 
reservoir  containing  three  thousaud  five  hundred  gallons,  built  under- 
ground, and  from  thence  conveyed  to  the  various  workshops.  On  the 
premises,  at  various  poiuts,  hydrants  are  placed  to  deliver  water  for 
general  purposes,  but  more  especially  for  suppressing  fires,  which,  with 
the  aid  of  an  excellent  fire  engine  borrowed  from  the  Vigilant  Fire 
Engine  Company  of  Charleston,  will  be  a  valuable  accpuisition  to  these 
works. 

There  are  engaged  at  these  works  on  this  day  one  hundred  and  forty- 
three  hands,  of  which  fifty  are  white  workmen. 

For  amount  of  cash  received  and  disbursed  to  date,  I  refer  you  to 
paper  No.  3. 


174 

A  large  number  of  miscellaneous  arms,  all  of  them  irreparable,  have 
been  turned  over  to  these  works  from  the  State  Arsenal.  Preparations 
are  making  to  put  them  in  good  condition  for  the  use  of  the  different 
branches  of  the  service,  which  they  may  prove  suitable  to. 

Very  respectfully,  DAVID  LOPEZ, 

General  Superintendent  State   Works. 


175 

No.  1. — Statement  of   work  done  at  shops   in   the  New   State  House 
Yard,  Columbia,    S.    C. 


Muskets,  repaired  and  altered  to  percussion 1620 

Rifles,  repaired  and  altered  to  percussion 213 

Carbines,  repaired  and  altered  to  percussion 2 

Double-barrel  guns,  repaired 24 

Bayonets S74 

Caissons,  with  limbers,  spare  wheels  and  poles  complete 6 

Battery  wagon,  with  limber 1 

Pikes  and  staves 1000 

Gunboat  spikes  made  for  Capt.  D.  N.  In  graham 4£  tons 

State  Works,  Greenville,  S.  C,  August  15th,  1862. 


/ 


/ 


176 


No.    2. — Inventory    of    Machinery,    Ton/*    and    Slack  of    Tennessee 
Ai  man/,    Atlanta,    March,    1862. 

1  Hand  Lathe. 

1  G  foot  Engine  Lathe,  complete. 

1   1(H  "        "  "  " 

1   14     u       "  u         unfinished  and  under  construction. 

1   12    "       "  "         complete. 

1  10  foot  set  of  Ways. 

1  Breeching  Machine. 

1  Milling  Machine,  incomplete. 

1  Compound  Planer,  complete. 

1  Drill  press,  complete. 

1  Planer  without  tabic 

1  8  Spindle  Drill  Press,  complete. 

Parts  of  Profiling  Machine. 

1  Punch  and  Shear,  complete. 

1  Bolt  Header  and  Dies,  incomplete. 

1  Gear  Cutter,  complete. 

7  Arbors  or  Boring  Bars. 

10  Sets  Overhead  rig,  complete. 

0584  lbs.  Shafting  and  Pulleys. 

1    (Old  man)  Drill  Stand. 

3  Hangers  for  Counters  (casting),  103  lbs.  to  309  lbs. 

17       "         "  Main  Shafting,  1,571  lbs. 

5         "         (without  boxes)  51  lbs.  to  255  lbs. 

1  Overhead  rig  for  Gear  Cutter,  complete. 

5  Legs  for  Drill  Lathes,  36  lbs.  to  180  lbs. 

Parts  of  old  Milling  Machine,  995  lbs. 

1  Grind  Stone  Frame,  complete,  374  lbs. 
3  Polishing  Heads,  complete. 

2  Rifling  Rolls  and  Stands. 

1   Fixture  for  holding  barrels  to  mill  cone  scats. 
Parts  of  Lathes  (some  work  done),  cast  iron,  101  lbs. 
17  Bench  Vices,  wrought  iron,  965  lbs. 
5         "  "       cast  iron,  261  lbs. 

Wire,  all  sizes,  some  cast  steel,  181  lbs. 
Cast  Steel,  6,600  lbs. 
Blister  Steel,  450  lbs. 
Block  Tin,  80  lbs. 


177 

Inventory  of  Machinery,   Tbols  and  Stock. —  Continued. 

Brass  and  Copper,  170  lbs. 

1  Gig  for  Lock  Frames  Drilling. 

5  Hack  Saws. 
12  Gig  Saws. 

2  Hack  Saw  Frames. 
18  Doz.  Gun  Wipers. 

1  Stand  for  Drilling  Ramrods. 

6  Sets  Stocks  and  Dies. 

134  Taps,  all  sizes,  from  H  to  1    1-16 

1  Case  Drafting  Tools. 

1  Alphabet. 

1  Set  Figures. 

1  2  feet  Standard  Scales. 

1  Gig  and  Mill  for  Stirrups.  " 

1  Gig  and  Mill  for  Main  Spring  Pivots. 

1  Ratchet  Drill. 


% 

3Ch 


50  Bench  Hammers. 

40  Monkey  Wrenches. 

7  Draw  Knives. 

19  Iron  Braces. 

34  Hand  Vices  (16  with  handles). 

106  Screw  Drivers. 

30  Pairs  Pliers. 

462  Sheets  Sand  Paper. 

280       "      Emory     " 

43  Bits. 

1  Patent  Brad  Awl. 

2  "         "         "  and  Handles. 
14*  Chisel  Handles. 

3  Smooth  Planes. 
1  Jack  Plane. 
103  Cones  (small). 

300       <<     (Government). 
1  Gig  for  Filing  Tumblers. 
1  Stamp,  "  Tennessee  Armory." 
1  Hand  Saw.. 
1  Copying  Press. 
23 


ITS 
Inventory  of  Machinery,  Tools  and  Slock. —  Continued. 

1  Gun  Gauge,  brass. 
110  Drills. 

18  Ream* 
25  Hose  Bits. 

11  Cherries. 

14  Drill  Sockets. 

2  Tumbler  Punches. 
2         "       Mills. 

10  Counter  Boxes. 
5  Boring  Arbors.. 

12  Cast  Steel  Centres  for  New  Lathes. 
G  Rests  for  Lathes. 

2  Drill  Sockets. 

1  6  in.  Fairman  Chuck. 

1  Set  Mills  for  Milling  Tumblers,  5  in.  set. 

1     "       "     "  "       Lock  Frame,  14  in.  set  (top  and  bottom). 

1      "      "     "         "       Main  Springs,  5  in.  set  (sides). 

1     "       "     "  "       not  finished,  11  in.  set  (top  and  bottom). 

7  Plain  Mills. 

1  Mill  for  Key  Seats. 

15  Unfinished  Mills. 

8  Arbors  for  Milling  Machine. 

12  Sets  Jaws  for  Milling  Machine  (two  sets  cast  steel). 
5  Handles  and  Stands  for  Milling  Machines. 
4  Sets  Jaws  "         "  " 

2  "    Jumpers  and  Dies  for  forging  Tumblers. 
17  Hand  Tools  and  Handles. 

62  Turning  Tools  (Engine  Lathe). 

1  Index  Head. 

11  Tap  and  Breeching  Wrenches. 

2  Knees  for  Planers. 
G  Emory  Wheels. 
40*  lbs.  Sheet  Brass. 

2  Stands  and  Tools  for  percussioning  old  guus. 
2  Papers  Brads. 
'.)  ( i-rosa  Screws,  |. 
35  lbs.    Small  Nuts. 

12  Bench  Brushes. 


#  179 

Inventory  of  Machinery,  Tools  and  Stock. — .Continued. 

15  Cone  Wrenches. 

75  Back  Action  Locks. 

60  Common  Locks  (Rifle). 

4  Old  Musket  Locks. 

20  Sets  Triggers  for  .Rifles. 

65  Machine  Oilers. 

35  Tin  Lamps. 

74  Paint  Brushes. 

4  Striping  Brushes. 

7  Parallel  stripes  for  Planers. 

56  Tumbler  pins  (turned). 

12  Lathe  Wrenches. 

1  Grindstone  Shaft  (turned). 

1  Lot  Bolts  and  Nuts. 

1  Chuck  for  holding  Lock  frame  to  take  cut  on  sides. 

2  Soldering  Irons. 

1  Clamp  and  Cutter  for  Cherries. 

49  Main  Springs  for  repairing  Old  Guns. 

140  Lock  Frames,  milled. 

33  Strips  for  Stirrups  (cast  steel). 

20  Bench  Oil  Pots. 

70  lbs.  Babbitt  and  Type  Metal. 

35  lbs.  Lead  (old  pipe). 

400  Ferrules  for  File  Handles. 

628  Musket  Flints. 

1  jumper  Stand  for  forging  Locks. 

2  Sets  Jumper  Stands  for  forgiug  Locks. 

1  "         "  "         "         "     Triggers. 

2  «         "  "         "         "     small  work. 
1  Roll  File  Card. 

1  Tin  Box  for  small  articles. 

3  Pieces  Lace  Leather. 

2  Gig  Saws. 

2  Pieces  Sheet  Steel. 

6  Pairs  Strap  Hinges. 

9  Drawer  Locks. 

150  Carriage  Bolts,  2  to  6  in. 

1  Counter  shaft  (turned,  30  lbs). 


180  9 

Inventory  of  Machinery^  Tools  and  Stock. —  Continual. 

6   Oil  Sfol 

13  Anvils,  105  to  150  lbs. 

6  Blacksmith's  Sledj 
25  pr.     ••  Ton 

8  "  Set  Hammers. 

9  "       ••  Swedges. 
19           "  Chisels. 
1  Level. 

7  Screw  Plates. 

8  Steel  Punches. 
4  prs.  Fullers. 

3  Hand  Hammers. 

21]  2  ft.  New  Leather  Belting,  assorted  sizes,  1  to  VI  in. 
507*  "  Old         "  "  "  "      2  to  13*  in. 

63       "  Gum  Belting,  3  J  and  6  in. 

9  doz.  Gun  Wipers. 

7  gross  Knitting  Pins,  lis  to  14s. 

10  papers  Finishing  Nails,  1  to  2J  in. 
4£  lbs.  Beeswax. 

78  87-144  gross  assorted  Gimlet  Screws. 

348  9-12  doz.  assorted  Files. 

43  patterns  for  parts  of  Machines  and  Tools. 

8  doz.  Chisel  Handles  and  1  lot  Core  Boxes  for  patterns. 
500  lbs.  Emory. 


181 


No.  3. — Statement  of  Cash  received  and  expended. 


Received  from  Treasury  Department  ,to  date 882,539  92 

"           "     J.  M.  Eason,  Superintendent,  for  iron  fur- 
nished him  for  Gunboat 518  11 

"           "     Capt.  D.  H.  Ingraham,  for  spikes  for  Gun- 
boat      1,766  06 


Paid  for  Machinery  and  Tools §18,946  01 

"       Building  Materials 5,617  44 

"       Stock 29,350  92 

"       Provisions 6,00140 

"       Salaries  and  Pay  Rolls 19,634  06 

"       Incidental  expenses 1,704  94 

Balance  on  Hand 3,509  32 


$84,824  09 


State  Works,  Greenville,  S.  C,  August  15th,  1862. 


684,824  09 


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